排序方式： 共有27条查询结果，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Agostino Sorgonà Maria Rosa AbenavoliPietro Giorgio Gringeri Giovanni Cacco 《Scientia Horticulturae》2006
Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) definitions, commonly used in literature, are evaluated in response to nitrate availability in four citrus rootstocks, Rough Lemon (Citrus jambhiri Lush) (RL), Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) (SwO), Cleopatra Mandarin (Citrus reshni Hort ex Tan.) (CM) and Sour Orange (Citrus aurantium L.) (SO). The application of diverse definitions determine different characterizations in N-efficiency among rootstocks. Nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUtE) and nitrogen efficiency ratio (NER) determine equal level of nitrogen efficiency among all rootstocks. Total nitrogen accumulation (TNA), nitrogen uptake efficiency (NUpE), shoot dry weight (SDW) and total leaf area (TLA) response curves produce the same NUE characterization: SO and SwO were nitrate use efficient and inefficient rootstocks, respectively, while the RL and CM exhibit superior and inferior genetic potential, respectively. 相似文献
2.
Laura Cobelli Marina Collina Agostino Brunelli 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1998,104(5):449-455
Control of lettuce downy mildew (Bremia lactucae) with phenylamide fungicides has failed in some intensive lettuce-producing areas in Northern Italy since Spring 1993. Before then, these chemicals and particularly metalaxyl, provided the best disease control. The sensitivity of Bremia lactucae isolates collected in such areas to metalaxyl was evaluated in the laboratory. These strains grew and sporulated profusely on lettuce seedlings treated with 100 and 200 ppm of metalaxyl, whereas sensitive control strains were completely inhibited when treated with fungicide concentrations ranging from 0.5–1 ppm. Thus in Italy occurrence of resistance to phenylamide fungicides in Bremia lactucae has also been demonstrated, as in almost all the countries where these chemicals were previously authorised. Subsequently, a demonstration of occurrence of resistance was made and the virulence pattern of several strains (resistant and sensitive to metalaxyl) was characterised using differential NL series containing the 13 DM resistant genes or R factors. The results suggest the occurrence of a new pathotype in Italy different from all the 16 NL Bremia lactucae races studied. 相似文献
3.
4.
Giulia Alberoni Davide Cavallini Marina Collina Agostino Brunelli 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2010,126(4):453-457
Up to 2005 the sensitivity of Stemphylium vesicarium (Wallr.) Simm., the causal agent of pear brown spot, to the strobilurin fungicides kresoxim-methyl, trifloxystrobin and pyraclostrobin
was still comparable with baseline values associated with good efficacy in the field. During 2006, the first resistant isolates
were detected in two commercial pear orchards in the Emilia-Romagna region (Italy), one of which was affected by considerable
control failure linked to strobilurin treatments as demonstrated in a field trial. In vitro sensitivity tests with 0.5 mg l−1 of kresoxim-methyl, trifloxystrobin and pyraclostrobin showed that in the population collected in the orchard with control
failure the conidial germination was greater than 90% compared to an untreated control both in 2006 and in 2007, i.e. 1 year
after the suspension of strobilurin applications. In the other orchard, where only a few symptomatic fruits were found and
the strobilurins were still in use, the conidial germination was lower, about 50% in 2006 and 25% in 2007. The molecular analysis
of mitochondrial cytochrome b gene of some monospore isolates with different levels of sensitivity confirmed the presence
of the mutation causing G143A substitution in all the resistant isolates. In conclusion, both in vitro tests and molecular
analysis confirmed the first occurrence of Stemphylium vesicarium resistance to all strobilurin fungicides tested. 相似文献
5.
Francesco Mercati Maria Leone Antonio Lupini Agostino Sorgonà Monica Bacchi Maria Rosa Abenavoli Francesco Sunseri 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2013,60(3):839-852
Eighty-seven Phaseolus vulgaris landraces, still cultivated in Calabria (Italy), were investigated in order to study the patterns of common bean genetic diversity in this region, to better understand the evolutionary development of beans in Europe and to properly manage these genetic resources. Four American accessions and five Italian varieties were also included. Different markers, such as 12 microsatellites, seed traits, phaseolins and 100-seed weight were combined with different statistical approaches. For each microsatellite, expected (H e ) and observed (H o ) heterozygosities, polymorphism information content (PIC), probability of identity (PI) and homozygosity were calculated. Furthermore, in Calabrian group of bean landraces, total (N a ) and private (N pa ) number of alleles, observed (H o ), expected heterozygosities (H e ) and allelic richness (AR) were calculated. Genetic distances among landraces were estimated using Nei’s coefficient and a cluster analysis using the UPGMA algorithm was performed. The results clearly indicated that: (1) Calabrian germplasm showed a high level of diversity (H e = 0.595); (2) Mesoamerican and Andean gene pools were clearly distinguished in Calabrian germplasm, with the Andean gene pool predominating (83 %); (3) Calabrian landraces were largely hybridized within and between the gene pools. A model-based approach, using the STRUCTURE software, was adopted. Six groups, including 4 of Andean origin and one of Mesoamerican origin were identified. Even more interesting, a small group (8 %) showed a distinct genetic structure, in which interspecific hybridizations with runner bean (Phaseolus coccineus L.) could have occurred. Nevertheless, a relatively high proportion of Calabrian bean landraces (12.6 %) was derived from intra and interspecific hybridizations. 相似文献
6.
Panfili Gianfranco Niro Serena Bufano Annarita D’Agostino Annacristina Fratianni Alessandra Paura Bruno Falasca Luisa Cinquanta Luciano 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2020,75(4):540-546
Plant Foods for Human Nutrition - Three wild edible plant species belonging to the Asteraceae family, Crepis vesicaria L. (s.l.), Sonchus asper (L.) Hill s.l., and Sonchus oleraceus L., usually... 相似文献
7.
8.
Angelo Nolè Alessio Collalti Federico Magnani Pierpaolo Duce Agostino Ferrara Giuseppe Mancino Serena Marras Costantino Sirca Donatella Spano Marco Borghetti 《Annals of Forest Science》2013,70(7):729-741
Context
Forest ecosystem carbon uptake is heavily affected by increasing drought in the Mediterranean region.Aims
The objectives of this study were to assess the capacity of a modified 3-PG model to capture temporal variation in gross primary productivity (GPP), and ecosystem net carbon uptake (NEE) in two Mediterranean forest types.Methods
The model was upgraded from a monthly (3-PG) to a daily time step (3-PGday), and a soil water balance routine was included to better represent soil water availability. The model was evaluated against seasonal GPP and NEE dynamics from eddy covariance measurements.Results
Simulated and measured soil water content values were congruent throughout the study period for both forest types. 3-PGday effectively described the following: GPP and NEE seasonal patterns; the transition of forest ecosystems from carbon sink to carbon source; however, the model overestimated diurnal ecosystem respiration values and failed to predict ecosystem respiration peaks.Conclusions
The model served as a rather effective tool to represent seasonal variation in gross primary productivity, and ecosystem net carbon uptake under Mediterranean drought-prone conditions. However, its semi-empirical nature and the simplicity inherent in the original model formulation are obstacles preventing the model working well for short-term daily predictions. 相似文献9.
Alessandro Pirondi Agostino Brunelli Enrico Muzzi Marina Collina 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2017,83(4):244-252
Late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans is the most devastating disease of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and causes important economically losses if not properly controlled. Control is achieved mainly by preventive fungicide applications. However, even if curative applications are discouraged because they increase the risk of resistance development in the target pathogens, in practice fungicides may be applied also when the disease is already present, a situation that commonly occurs in the field. The aim of this work was to study the curative activity of several fungicides toward P. infestans to determine their efficacy when applied after the infection process. Nine trials were performed in greenhouse using potted tomato plants that were treated 24 h after inoculation. Disease severity was assessed three times from the development of the symptoms on the untreated plants and data analysed using a linear mixed model. Differences in post-infection control between the different chemical classes were found. Metalaxyl-M and cymoxanil showed the best curative activity while among the CAA fungicides, a good efficacy was expressed by dimethomorph. Interestingly, evidence of synergy between active ingredients having different modes of action was observed such as in the mixtures containing dimethomorph?+?ametoctradin, dimethomorph?+?pyraclostrobin and fosetyl-Al?+?propamocarb. This study provided useful information on the post-infection activity of some fungicides used to control tomato late blight and should be taken into account to perform more in depth studies at the field level and to improve the management strategies of the disease. 相似文献
10.
Giulia Alberoni Marina Collina Catherine Lanen Pierre Leroux Agostino Brunelli 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2010,128(2):171-184
In Stemphylium vesicarium, four phenotypes were recognized according to their in vitro responses to dicarboximide fungicides: S (sensitive), S+ (low resistant to iprodione and procymidone but moderately resistant to vinclozolin), R1 (moderately resistant to iprodione and vinclozolin but highly resistant to procymidone), R2 (highly resistant to all dicarboximides). Cross-resistance was observed between dicarboximides and aromatic hydrocarbon fungicides
in all cases while cross-resistance to phenylpyrroles was only detected in R2 phenotype. Moreover, no changes were noted in sensitivity to oxidative and osmotic stress inducers. An osmosensing histidine
kinase gene, homologous to OS1 from Neurospora crassa, was sequenced from several field isolates of Stemphylium vesicarium. This gene is predicted to encode a 1,329 amino acid protein, comprising a conserved histidine-kinase domain in the C-terminal
region and six tandem repeats of about 90 amino acids at the N-terminal end. In S+ and R1 phenotype isolates, a single amino acid substitution was observed in the first amino acid repeat; F267L and L290S respectively.
For the R2 isolates, the exchanges T765R or Q777R were located within the histidine-kinase domain. 相似文献