Genetic resistance to Leukosis virus infection: effects on mortality and egg production in Leghorn hens     

W Hartmann  D vd Hagen  G Heil 《British poultry science》1984,25(1):43-52

The influence of genotypic differences in resistance to infection from Lymphoid Leukosis (LL) on mortality and egg production was studied in three pairs of sublines. One subline of each pair had been selected for resistance and the other for susceptibility to infection. At 10 months of age, almost no hens with neutralising antibodies against LL were found in the resistant sublines, while in each susceptible subline more than 40% of the hens had LL antibodies. At 21 months of age, very few hens of the resistant sublines had group-specific (gs) antigen in their eggs. Susceptible sublines differed considerably in this respect, from 81% gs antigen-positive hens in one subline to 9% or no positive hens in the others. On the whole, the susceptible sublines had 6% higher mortality during the laying period (8 months) but the size of the difference was influenced by vaccination against Marek's disease (MD) and varied considerably between pairs of sublines. Significant interactions between strain and genotype of resistance to LL infection were observed for mortality from "other causes" in hens vaccinated against MD, as well as for mortality from "Leukosis" and from "MD" in non-vaccinated hens. The average rate of lay from 1 to 8 months was 8% lower in susceptible hens. In the subline with the highest frequency of eggs containing LL group-specific antigen in the albumen, the reduction of laying rate was twice as large as in the other susceptible sublines.  相似文献   

Skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic calcium regulation and sudden death syndrome in chickens     

G. Reiner  J. Hartmann  V. Dzapo 《British poultry science》1995,36(4):667-675

1. Sudden Death Syndrome (SDS) is a disease of well‐developed, predominandy male broiler chickens where death appears to occur because of cardiovascular failure. The role of skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic calcium regulation as a potential cause of SDS has been investigated.

2. Calcium regulation of skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum was compared between broiler and Leghorn chickens. Calcium regulation matured from the 2nd to the 11 th week and, at any age, broiler chickens showed significandy lower calcium transport rates and transport efficiencies. The mechanism of calcium transport in broiler chickens was more energy‐consuming than that of the Leghorn chickens.

3. Sarcoplasmic calcium regulation is pivotal for muscle metabolism. As in porcine malignant hyperthermia, weaker calcium regulation might lead to hyperactivation of skeletal muscle, followed by elevated lactic acid concentrations and cardiovascular failure.  相似文献   

UV‐light and dietary vitamin D and their effects on ionized calcium and 25‐OH‐D plasma concentrations in captive gentoo penguins (Pygoscelis papua)          下载免费PDF全文

Ursina Tröndle  Hanspeter W. Steinmetz  Simon R. Rüegg  Anja Müller  Annette Liesegang 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2018,102(5):1419-1428

In this study, the effect of ultraviolet (UV) light and dietary vitamin D on calcium metabolism in permanently indoor‐housed gentoo penguins (Pygoscelis papua ) was investigated. The study consisted of three periods, each completed with blood samples to analyse plasma concentrations of 25‐OH‐D, 1,25‐(OH)₂‐D, ionized (iCa) and total calcium (tCa). During the first study period (D), animals were housed under routine conditions without UV‐light and fed a diet of different fish species, supplemented with 1,000 IU vitamin D per animal and day. The following study period (Baseline) of 28‐day duration consisted of the same diet without any vitamin D supplementation and without UV‐light. During the study period (UVB) artificial UV‐light was added for 3 weeks. The vitamin D content of fish was measured by high‐performance liquid chromatography. It varied between fish species and between facilities, ranging from no measurable content in capelin (Mallotus villosus ) to 7,340 IU vitamin D/kg original matter (OM) in herring (Clupea spp). The average dietary vitamin D content was 311 IU/kg OM at facility 1 and 6,325 IU/kg OM at facility 2, resulting in a vitamin D intake per animal and day without supplementation of 130 IU (25.5 IU/kg body weight BW) and 2,454 IU (438.2 IU/kg BW) respectively. The supplementation of vitamin D elevated significantly the plasma concentrations of 25‐OH‐D by an intraindividual difference of 15 (range ?2 to 59) nmol/L and tCa by 0.1 (0.0–0.3) mmol/L only at facility 2. The exposure to UV‐light raised the blood concentrations of tCa at facility 2 by 0.15 (0.1–0.2) mmol/L, and of iCa and tCa for females at facility 1 by 0.23 (0.13–0.41) mmol/L and 1.8 (1.1–2.5) mmol/L respectively. No significant influence of the study periods (D) and (UVB) was found for the concentrations of 1,25‐(OH)₂‐D at both facilities.  相似文献   

Longitudinal analysis of allergen‐specific IgE and IgG subclasses as potential predictors of insect bite hypersensitivity following first exposure to Culicoides in Icelandic horses          下载免费PDF全文

Anja Ziegler  Eman Hamza  Sigridur Jonsdottir  Claudio Rhyner  Bettina Wagner  Gertraud Schüpbach  Vilhjalmur Svansson  Sigurbjorg Torsteinsdottir  Eliane Marti 《Veterinary dermatology》2018,29(1):51-e22

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Analysis of Mycosporine-Like Amino Acids in Selected Algae and Cyanobacteria by Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography and a Novel MAA from the Red Alga Catenella repens     

Anja Hartmann  Kathrin Becker  Ulf Karsten  Daniel Remias  Markus Ganzera 《Marine drugs》2015,13(10):6291-6305

Mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs), a group of small secondary metabolites found in algae, cyanobacteria, lichens and fungi, have become ecologically and pharmacologically relevant because of their pronounced UV-absorbing and photo-protective potential. Their analytical characterization is generally achieved by reversed phase HPLC and the compounds are often quantified based on molar extinction coefficients. As an alternative approach, in our study a fully validated hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) method is presented. It enables the precise quantification of several analytes with adequate retention times in a single run, and can be coupled directly to MS. Excellent linear correlation coefficients (R² > 0.9991) were obtained, with limit of detection (LOD) values ranging from 0.16 to 0.43 µg/mL. Furthermore, the assay was found to be accurate (recovery rates from 89.8% to 104.1%) and precise (intra-day precision: 5.6%, inter-day precision ≤6.6%). Several algae were assayed for their content of known MAAs like porphyra-334, shinorine, and palythine. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) data indicated a novel compound in some of them, which could be isolated from the marine species Catenella repens and structurally elucidated by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) as (E)-3-hydroxy-2-((5-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methoxy-3-((2-sulfoethyl)amino)cyclohex-2-en-1-ylidene)amino) propanoic acid, a novel MAA called catenelline.  相似文献   

Morphological characterization and immunohistochemical detection of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-17A,and TNF-α in lung lesions associated with contagious bovine pleuropneumonia     

Anja Sterner-Kock  Wolfram Haider  Flavio Sacchini  Anne Liljander  Jochen Meens  Jane Poole  Maria Guschlbauer  Martin Heller  Jan Naessens  Joerg Jores 《Tropical animal health and production》2016,48(3):569-576

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Bacteraemia in 66 cats and antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates (1995-2004)     

Greiner M  Wolf G  Hartmann K 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2007,9(5):404-410

Bacterial blood culture results of 292 privately owned cats presented to the Clinic for Small Animal Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich with signs of sepsis were evaluated retrospectively. Of the blood cultures, 23% were positive. In 88%, a single bacterial species was isolated. Of all bacterial isolates, 45% were Gram-positive, 43% were Gram-negative, and 12% were obligate anaerobes. The most frequently isolated bacteria were Enterobacteriaceae, obligate anaerobic species, Staphylococcus species and Streptococcus species. Of the cats with positive blood cultures, 32% were pretreated with antibiotics. Of all bacterial isolates, 77% were susceptible to enrofloxacin, 69% to chloramphenicol, 67% to gentamicin, and 64% to amoxycillin clavulanic acid. Only enrofloxacin reached an in vitro efficacy of more than 70% against Gram-positive and more than 74% against Gram-negative bacteria.  相似文献   

Evaluation of a novel moving threshold gating strategy for assessment of reticulated platelets in dogs using the ADVIA 2120 analyzer     

Anja Kuhn  Kristina Weiler  Graham Gibbs  Gottfried Prechtl  Natali Bauer  Andreas Moritz 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2023,52(1):11-21

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C and N dynamics of a range of biogas slurries as a function of application rate and soil texture: a laboratory experiment     

Anja Sänger  Daniel Geisseler 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(12):1779-1794

Digestates vary in composition and studies regarding their impact on C and N dynamics in soils are scarce. The objective was to analyse the C and N dynamics of digestates originating from various substrates applied to a sandy Cambisol and a silty Anthrosol. In three laboratory experiments (4–6 weeks), the effects of digestate properties, N rate and water content were tested. Averaged over both soils, 21% of the C supplied was emitted as CO₂. Potential NH₃ emissions during the first week ranged between 6% and 12% of NH₄⁺ present in the digestates. The emission factors in the sandy Cambisol were on average 1.2 and 2 times higher for CO₂ and potential NH₃, respectively, compared to the silty Anthrosol. Similarly, net nitrogen mineralization in the sandy Cambisol was approximately twice the N mineralized in the silty Anthrosol. Net nitrification was not influenced by soil texture or different digestates, but increased with increasing application rates and had highest values at 75% of water holding capacity. Our results indicate that the type of substrate input for anaerobic digestion influences the properties of the digestate and therefore the dynamics of C and N. However, soil texture can affect these dynamics markedly.  相似文献   

Abstracts of papers presented at the second otto warburg symposim on biotechnology: plant - microorganism interaction in the rhizosphere     

A. HüTtermann Marie-Therese Oelbe  E. Fritz  G. Schlechte  A. Bytom  A. D. Jungk  Y. Okon  E. Fallik  Rivka Hadas  S. Sarig  E. Yahalom  Sara Tal  A. Hartmann  B. Kishinevsky  Debora Gurfel  Rina Lobel  Y. Kapulnik  D. A. Phillips  Y. Hadar  Y. Chen  E. Jurkevitch  J. Katan  A. Gamliel  H. Ziegler  I. Chet  A. Ordentlich  Hadar Kless  A. Oppenheim  Avia Zilberstein  D. Holland  J. Berman  A. Zamir  R. Kaufman  N. Bawnik  C. Koncz  J. Schell 《Phytoparasitica》1987,15(2):141-147

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