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Su Lai Yee Mon Moe Lwin Aye Aye Maw Lat Lat Htun Saw Bawm Kotaro Kawabe Yasuhiko Wada Shin Okamoto Takeshi Shimogiri 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13647
Myanmar indigenous chickens play important roles in food, entertainment, and farm business for the people of Myanmar. In this study, complete mitochondrial D-loop sequences (1232 bp) were analyzed using 176 chickens, including three indigenous breeds, two fighting cock populations, and three indigenous populations to elucidate genetic diversity and accomplish a phylogenetic analysis of Myanmar indigenous chickens. The average haplotype and nucleotide diversities were 0.948 ± 0.009 and 0.00814 ± 0.00024, respectively, exhibiting high genetic diversity of Myanmar indigenous chickens. Sixty-four haplotypes were classified as seven haplogroups, with the majority being haplogroup F. The breeds and populations except Inbinwa had multiple maternal haplogroups, suggesting that they experienced no recent purifying selection and bottleneck events. All breeds and populations examined shared haplogroup F. When 232 sequences belonging to haplogroup F (79 from Myanmar and 153 deposited sequences from other Asian countries/region) were analyzed together, the highest genetic diversity was observed in Myanmar indigenous chickens. Furthermore, Myanmar indigenous chickens and red junglefowls were observed in the center of the star-like median-joining network of 37 F-haplotypes, suggesting that Myanmar is one of the origins of haplogroup F. These findings revealed the unique genetic characteristic of Myanmar indigenous chickens as important genetic resources. 相似文献
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Aye Nyein Chan Shutu Xu YaQin Shi YaNan Li Ali Farhan DongWei Guo JiQuan Xue 《Euphytica》2017,213(1):12
Association mapping was conducted to explore favorable alleles of the chlorophyll-related non-yellow coloring 1 (NYC1) gene under light and dark using an association panel of 146 maize inbred lines. A total of 14 polymorphic sites were identified to be significantly associated with at least one of the chlorophyll-related traits at the seedling stage. Four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (S320, S2951, S3901, and S3355) from the NYC1 gene were respectively strongly associated with chlorophyll b (chlb), the ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b (chl_ratio), chlorophyll a degradation (chla_deg), and total chlorophyll degradation (total_chl_deg). SNPs S320 (C/A) in exon 1, and S2951 (A/G) in intron 8 was related to chlb, with 6.01 and 8.89% of phenotypic variation under light treatment, respectively. Under dark treatment, SNP S3901 (C/T), located in 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR), was associated with chl_ratio, explaining 7.01% of the observed phenotypic variation, whereas SNP S3355 (C/G) in intron 9 explained 6.48 and 5.18% of phenotypic variations in chla_deg and total_chl_deg, respectively. Taken together, these results indicated that the NYC1 gene plays an important role in chlorophyll content and other related traits, and different sites act on chlorophyll metabolism under different light intensities in maize seedlings. Furthermore, these findings improve our understanding of the genetic basis of chlorophyll metabolism under different light conditions. 相似文献
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Aye Aye Khaing Kyaw Thu Moe Jung‐Wook Chung Hyung‐Jin Baek Yong‐Jin Park 《Plant Breeding》2013,132(2):165-173
The genus Amaranthus has gained much attention, particularly for its high economic and nutritional value. It is a genus of taxonomic complexity with many interspecific hybrids. For effective conservation and management of the germplasm collected, the development of a core set of accessions is especially important. A core set of 63 accessions was successfully developed from an entire collection of 634 accessions using the powercore 1.0. Among the tested methods for developing the core set – the advanced M strategy using the modified heuristic method (HCC), randomly chosen collections and stratified random collections – HCC was found to be best, with 100% coverage of alleles and minimum redundancy. Allele frequency distribution of the core set developed with HCC was highly correlated with that of entire collections (r = 0.91). Model‐based structure analysis revealed the presence of three subpopulations and 11 admixtures in the selected core set, which is basically consistent with clustering based on the genetic distance. The results from this study will provide effective information for future germplasm conservation and improvement programmes in Amaranthus. 相似文献
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Aye Thida Win Daisuke Ito Seiya Chikamatsu Takashi Motobayashi Natsuko Takahashi 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2016,62(1):99-105
A field experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of two whole-crop rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars, TULT and Takanari, on methane (CH4) emission in a paddy field fertilized with biogas slurry (BS) at rates of 0 (NF), 100 (BS100) and 300 (BS300) kg nitrogen (N) ha?1, in comparison with chemical fertilizer CF100 (100 kg N ha?1). Takanari produced significantly higher biomass (P < 0.001) than TULT and showed significantly (P < 0.01) lower CH4 emission than TULT. BS applications caused higher CH4 emission (52 ± 27 and 80 ± 19 g m?2 in BS100 and BS300, respectively) than did CF100 (42 ± 18 g m?2) and NF (28 ± 10 g m?2) in TULT. In contrast, there was no significant difference in CH4 emission in Takanari among the treatments (26 ± 2, 26 ± 2, 32 ± 4, 29 ± 8 g m?2 in NF, CF100, BS100 and BS300, respectively). Methane oxidizing bacteria (MOB) showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher populations in Takanari than in TULT at harvest, which might be due to the higher root biomass (10.3 ± 2.2 g hill?1) in Takanari than in TULT (8.9 ± 1.8 g hill?1). MOB was significantly correlated with tiller number (R2 = 0.176*) and plant biomass (R2 = 0.242*). BS application showed higher copper (Cu) uptake in Takanari while it was not high in TULT. In contrast, it showed no difference in zinc (Zn) uptake in both varieties. Uptake of Cu was not different between the two varieties, while uptake of Zn in the grain was higher in TULT than in Takanari. The present study suggests that CH4 emission deriving from BS application in paddy field can be mitigated by selecting an appropriate cultivar, like Takanari. However, care should be taken for heavy metal uptake in selecting cultivars. 相似文献
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Optimization of Phosphorus Fertilizer in Supplemental Feed‐Fed Based Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Ponds 
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下载免费PDF全文 Moe Thidar Oo A M Shahabuddin Dhirendra P Thakur Aye Aye Mon Amararatne Yakupitiyage Amrit N Bart Ram C Bhujel Jim S Diana 《Aquaculture Research》2015,46(12):2859-2870
An experiment was conducted in earthen ponds at the Asian Institute of Technology, Thailand to determine different phosphorus fertilizer dose effects on Nile tilapia production, water quality variables, nutrient utilization and cost‐benefit under supplemental feeding. Five phosphorus fertilization rates were used as treatments e.g. 100%, 75%, 50%, 25% and 0% of 7 kg P ha week?1. Nitrogen fertilization rate was fixed at 28 kg N ha week?1 for all the treatments. Sex‐reversed Nile tilapia were stocked at 3 fish m?2, and 30% CP floating feed fed at 50% satiation feeding rate. Nutrient budget showed higher phosphorus fertilizer input resulted in higher phosphorus sink in the sediment. Mean weight, mean weight gain, daily weight gain and net yield were not significantly different among treatments (P > 0.05). Total Kjeldahl nitrogen, total phosphorus and soluble reactive phosphorus were significantly different among treatments. Economic analysis showed phosphorus fertilization resulted in positive net returns. Though the gross income was not affected by different fertilization rates, significantly lowest cost was found in the treatment using 25% phosphorus fertilizer. It can be concluded from the research that 25% phosphorus fertilization might be used as an alternative strategy of Nile tilapia pond culture in terms of economic return and nutrient loss in sediment. 相似文献
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Yu Sasada Khin Thawda Win Ryoko Nonaka Aye Thida Win Koki Toyota Takashi Motobayashi Masaaki Hosomi Chen Dingjiang Jun Lu 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2011,47(8):949-956
We have examined the effects of different types of slurry on CH4 and N2O emissions, Zn and Cu contents of rice, and nitrate content of the drainage water. The experiment included four treatments: (1) anaerobically digested cattle slurry (ADCS), (2) ADCS filtered to remove the coarse organic matter fraction, (3) anaerobically digested pig slurry (ADPS), and (4) chemical fertilizer (CF). The application rate was 30?g?NH4?CN?m?2. Different amounts of C were incorporated with fertilization: 725?g?C?m?2 in ADCS, 352?g?m?2 in filtered ADCS, and 75?g?m?2 in ADPS. The average CH4 emissions during a growing period were 304, 359, 452, and 579?mg?m?2?day?1 in the CF, ADPS, filtered ADCS, and ADCS treatments, respectively. The CH4 emission was significantly higher in ADCS than in CF and ADPS. Negligible N2O emissions were observed during the growing period. Comparable concentrations of Zn and Cu were observed in the rice grain among the treatments. In contrast, their concentrations in the stems and leaves were significantly higher in ADPS than in CF treated rice, although the values were lower than the upper limit of feed additives. Nitrate concentrations in the drainage water were consistently low (0.5?mg?N?L?1). The present study suggested that ADPS, containing a lower amount of C than ADCS, might be an organic fertilizer in paddy field with comparable environmental impacts to chemical fertilizers (CF), but long-term field studies are needed to better understand the effects of these organic fertilizers. 相似文献
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Paddy and Water Environment - In Myanmar’s Ayeyarwady Delta, mangrove forests were widely converted to paddy fields, then abandoned. However, the mangrove ecosystems often fail to recover. To... 相似文献
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Emerging pests and diseases of South‐east Asian cassava: a comprehensive evaluation of geographic priorities,management options and research needs 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Ignazio Graziosi Nami Minato Elizabeth Alvarez Dung Tien Ngo Trinh Xuan Hoat Tin Maung Aye Juan Manuel Pardo Prapit Wongtiem Kris AG Wyckhuys 《Pest management science》2016,72(6):1071-1089
Cassava is a major staple, bio‐energy and industrial crop in many parts of the developing world. In Southeast Asia, cassava is grown on >4 million ha by nearly 8 million (small‐scale) farming households, under (climatic, biophysical) conditions that often prove unsuitable for many other crops. While SE Asian cassava has been virtually free of phytosanitary constraints for most of its history, a complex of invasive arthropod pests and plant diseases has recently come to affect local crops. We describe results from a region‐wide monitoring effort in the 2014 dry season, covering 429 fields across five countries. We present geographic distribution and field‐level incidence of the most prominent pest and disease invaders, introduce readily‐available management options and research needs. Monitoring work reveals that several exotic mealybug and (red) mite species have effectively colonised SE Asia's main cassava‐growing areas, occurring in respectively 70% and 54% of fields, at average field‐level incidence of 27 ± 2% and 16 ± 2%. Cassava witches broom (CWB), a systemic phytoplasma disease, was reported from 64% of plots, at incidence levels of 32 ± 2%. Although all main pests and diseases are non‐natives, we hypothesise that accelerating intensification of cropping systems, increased climate change and variability, and deficient crop husbandry are aggravating both organism activity and crop susceptibility. Future efforts need to consolidate local capacity to tackle current (and future) pest invaders, boost detection capacity, devise locally‐appropriate integrated pest management (IPM) tactics, and transfer key concepts and technologies to SE Asia's cassava growers. Urgent action is needed to mobilise regional as well as international scientific support, to effectively tackle this phytosanitary emergency and thus safeguard the sustainability and profitability of one of Asia's key agricultural commodities. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献