Radiographic and functional evaluation of dogs at least 1 year after tibial plateau leveling osteotomy          下载免费PDF全文

Boyd DJ  Miller CW  Etue SM  Monteith G 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2007,48(4):392-396

The progression of osteoarthritis and clinical function in 29 dogs at least 1 year after tibial plateau leveling osteotomy was evaluated. A previously reported radiographic scoring system was used by 3 investigators to evaluate preoperative and postoperative radiographs for evidence of stifle osteoarthritis. The combined scores were then used to evaluate the progression of osteoarthritis. The difference between the preoperative scores, derived from radiographs taken at the time of surgery, and the postoperative scores based on radiographs taken at least 1 year later was modest but statistically significant. Despite this finding, client satisfaction was very good. Clinical function was assessed by using a previously reported client questionnaire. According to owner assessment at least 1 year after surgery, there was a significant improvement in function after tibial plateau leveling osteotomy when compared with the preoperative status. Improvement in function as measured by the client questionnaire did not significantly predict the radiographic osteoarthritis score.  相似文献   

Investigation of the sensitivity of Plasmopara viticola to amisulbrom and ametoctradin in French vineyards using bioassays and molecular tools     

Sverine Fontaine  Florent Remuson  Laëtitia Caddoux  Benoit Barrs 《Pest management science》2019,75(8):2115-2123

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Fragment size is associated with post-operative complications following elective arthroscopy of the tibiotarsal joint of horses     

Alejandro Merchn  Judith Koenig  Nathalie Ct  Nicola Cribb  Gabrielle Monteith 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2022,63(1):74

The objective of this retrospective study was to determine the occurrence of joint-related complications after elective arthroscopy of the tibiotarsal joint (TTJ) in 329 horses, and the association with specific clinical parameters. Data were collected from medical records of horses undergoing elective tibiotarsal joint arthroscopy for fragment removal. Exact conditional univariate regression was used to determine significant risk factors for joint-related post-operative complications.Of 485 joints, 2 (0.4%) developed surgical site infection, 4 (0.8%) developed septic arthritis, 1 (0.2%) developed synovial fistula. There was a significantly increased odds of having septic arthritis as height and length of the distal intermediate ridge of the tibia (DIRT) lesion increased. The median height and length of the DIRT fragments in affected cases was 13.5 mm and 18.0 mm, respectively. For each unit (1 mm) increase in height, there was a 42% increase in the risk of septic arthritis occurrence (P = 0.0042), and a 15% increase for each unit increase in length (P = 0.035). Horses were significantly less likely to develop septic arthritis when suture smaller than USP 0 was used.Horses with larger osteochondritis dissecans lesions of the DIRT region have an increased risk of developing septic arthritis following fragment removal.  相似文献   

芦苇作为环保型有机基质的可能性研究   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9  

李国景  F.Benoit  N.Ceustermans  徐志豪 《浙江农业学报》2002,14(2):87-94

20世纪80年代以来，岩棉一直是蔬菜无土栽培的主要栽培基质。但由于用后的岩棉条成为大量的不可降解的废物，于是科学家们开始寻找可多年重复利用的无机基质如海绵，以及环保型有机基质如椰子壳丝等。90年代以后，瑞士等国家将芦苇作为有机无土栽培基质应用于蔬菜无土栽培。本文分析比较了芦苇、松木、椰子壳基质使用前的物理和化学特性，并通过栽培樱桃番茄（品种EVITA）的试验，与椰子壳基质和海绵基质栽培性能进行了比较研究。结果表明，芦苇可作为很有应用价值的环保型有机基质在生产中推广与应用。而且由于芦苇生产适应性好，分布广泛，来源充足，基质生产成本低等特点，而显示出很好的应用前景。  相似文献   

High dose rate interstitial 192-Ir brachytherapy for the treatment of a recurrent dermal vascular hamartoma in a horse     

F. Conti  L. Poujet  M. Delverdier  E. A. Lallemand  J. Benoit 《Equine Veterinary Education》2022,34(8):e337-e343

The successful application of an interstitial brachytherapy course is reported in a 14-month-old male Anglo European Studbook (AES) foal for the treatment of a recurrent dermal vascular hamartoma at the dorsal aspect of the pastern on the right hindlimb. The lesion was irradiated four times over 4 days to a total dose of 28 Gy. Progressive tumour shrinkage and necrosis were observed over 2 months. No significant acute side effect was reported at the end of the treatment, with excellent and long-lasting cosmetic results observed. The only reported late effect was permanent leukotrichia within the treated area, which remained otherwise tumour-free 1224 days after treatment. Results of this report suggest the potential use of radiation therapy (and specifically brachytherapy techniques), as an effective and safe treatment modality for vascular malformations in horses.  相似文献   

Resistance to amitraz in the parasitic honey bee mite Varroa destructor is associated with mutations in the β-adrenergic-like octopamine receptor     

Hernández-Rodríguez  Carmen Sara  Moreno-Martí  Sara  Almecija  Gabrielle  Christmon  Krisztina  Johnson  Josephine D.  Ventelon  Marie  vanEngelsdorp  Dennis  Cook  Steven C.  González-Cabrera  Joel 《Journal of pest science》2022,95(3):1179-1195

Varroa destructor is considered a major reason for high loss rate of Western honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies. To prevent colony losses caused by V. destructor, it is necessary to actively manage the mite population. Beekeepers, particularly commercial beekeepers, have few alternative treatments other than synthetic acaricides to control the parasite, resulting in intensive treatment regimens that led to the evolution of resistance in mite populations. To investigate the mechanism of the resistance to amitraz detected in V. destructor mites from French and U.S. apiaries, we identified and characterized octopamine and tyramine receptors (the known targets of amitraz) in this species. The comparison of sequences obtained from mites collected from different apiaries with different treatment regimens, showed that the amino acid substitutions N87S or Y215H in the OctβR were associated with treatment failures reported in French or U.S. apiaries, respectively. Based on our findings, we have developed and tested two high throughput diagnostic assays based on TaqMan technology able to accurately detect mites carrying the mutations in this receptor. This valuable information may be of help for beekeepers when selecting the most suitable acaricide to manage V. destructor.

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Understanding cats     

Gabrielle Musk 《The Journal of small animal practice》2014,55(12):601-602

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Zero-inflated models for identifying disease risk factors when case detection is imperfect: Application to highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 in Thailand     

Timothée Vergne  Mathilde C. Paul  Wanida Chaengprachak  Benoit Durand  Marius Gilbert  Barbara Dufour  François Roger  Suwicha Kasemsuwan  Vladimir Grosbois 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2014

Logistic regression models integrating disease presence/absence data are widely used to identify risk factors for a given disease. However, when data arise from imperfect surveillance systems, the interpretation of results is confusing since explanatory variables can be related either to the occurrence of the disease or to the efficiency of the surveillance system. As an alternative, we present spatial and non-spatial zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) regressions for modelling the number of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 outbreaks that were reported at subdistrict level in Thailand during the second epidemic wave (July 3rd 2004 to May 5th 2005). The spatial ZIP model fitted the data more effectively than its non-spatial version. This model clarified the role of the different variables: for example, results suggested that human population density was not associated with the disease occurrence but was rather associated with the number of reported outbreaks given disease occurrence. In addition, these models allowed estimating that 902 (95% CI 881–922) subdistricts suffered at least one HPAI H5N1 outbreak in Thailand although only 779 were reported to veterinary authorities, leading to a general surveillance sensitivity of 86.4% (95% CI 84.5–88.4). Finally, the outputs of the spatial ZIP model revealed the spatial distribution of the probability that a subdistrict could have been a false negative. The methodology presented here can easily be adapted to other animal health contexts.  相似文献   

European oak powdery mildew: impact on trees,effects of environmental factors,and potential effects of climate change     

Benoit Marçais  Marie-Laure Desprez-Loustau 《Annals of Forest Science》2014,71(6):633-642

? Context

Powdery mildew is one of the most common diseases of oaks in Europe. After alarming reports in the beginning of the twentieth century following the presumed introduction of the invasive fungus, the disease has become familiar to foresters. However, its impact may vary greatly according to intrinsic and extrinsic factors.

? Aims

We aimed at providing updated and synthesised information on the impact of powdery mildew on oak and on the effects of environment on disease.

? Methods

A comprehensive literature review was performed, including old reports of the early epidemics to more recent data.

? Results

Tree growth patterns are of critical importance to explain the severity of the disease and the differences between juvenile and mature trees. A critical element, especially for infection of mature trees, is the availability of spores during the production of the first leaf flush. High disease impact is often related to modified growth patterns, either by environmental factors (insects or frost) or silvicultural practices (e.g., coppicing).

? Conclusion

Powdery mildew can have important impacts in natural oak regenerations and a significant role in decline of mature trees. Climate change might influence the disease severity mainly by altering the host pathogen phenological synchrony. Process-based models are required for reliable predictions.  相似文献   

Evaluation of analgesic and physiologic effects of epidural morphine administered at a thoracic or lumbar level in dogs undergoing thoracotomy     

Adriano B Carregaro  Gabrielle C Freitas  Carlize Lopes  Rafael Lukarsewski  Fernanda S Tamiozzo  Rogério R Santos 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2014,41(2):205-211

ObjectiveTo evaluate the analgesic and physiological effects of epidural morphine administered at the sixth and seventh lumbar or the fifth and sixth thoracic vertebrae in dogs undergoing thoracotomy.Study designProspective, randomized, blinded trial.AnimalsFourteen mixed-breed dogs, weighing 8.6 ± 1.4 kg.MethodsThe animals received acepromazine (0.1 mg kg^?1) IM and anesthesia was induced with propofol (4 mg kg^?1) IV. The lumbosacral space was punctured and an epidural catheter was inserted up to the region between the sixth and seventh lumbar vertebrae (L, n = 6) or up to the fifth or sixth intercostal space (T, n = 8). The dogs were allowed to recover and after radiographic confirmation of correct catheter position, anesthesia was reinduced with propofol IV and maintained with 1.7% isoflurane. Following stabilization of monitored parameters, animals received morphine (0.1 mg kg^?1) diluted in 0.9% NaCl to a final volume of 0.25 mL kg^?1 via the epidural catheter, and after 40 minutes, thoracotomy was initiated. Heart rate and rhythm, systolic, mean and diastolic arterial pressures, respiratory rate, arterial hemoglobin oxygen saturation, partial pressure of expired CO₂ and body temperature were measured immediately before the epidural administration of morphine (0 minute) and every 10 minutes during the anesthetic period. The Melbourne pain scale and the visual analog scale were used to assess post-operative pain. The evaluation began 3 hours after the epidural administration of morphine and occurred each hour until rescue analgesia.ResultsThere were no important variations in the physiological parameters during the anesthetic period. The post-operative analgesic period differed between the groups, being longer in T (9.9 ± 1.6 hours) compared with L (5.8 ± 0.8 hours).ConclusionsThe use of morphine, at a volume of 0.25 mL kg^?1, administered epidurally over the thoracic vertebrae provided longer lasting analgesia than when deposited over the lumbar vertebrae.Clinical relevanceThe deposition of epidural morphine provided longer lasting analgesia when administered near to the innervation of the injured tissue without increasing side effects.  相似文献