Comparison of a commercial H1N1 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and hemagglutination inhibition test in detecting serum antibody against swine influenza viruses.   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Kyoung-Jin Yoon  Bruce H Janke  Rick W Swalla  Gene Erickson 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2004,16(3):197-201

Recently a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit for detecting antibody against H1N1 swine influenza virus (SIV) has been made available to diagnosticians and veterinary practitioners. Because the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test has been considered the standard test for SIV serology, diagnostic performance of the new ELISA was evaluated using positive (n = 60) and negative (n = 188) serum samples from young pigs with known status of SIV infection and compared with that of the HI test. Both ELISA and HI test identified all negative animals correctly. None of the serum samples (n = 64) from pigs inoculated with H3N2 SIV was positive by ELISA for SIV antibody. The H1N1 SIV antibody detectable by ELISA appears to develop more slowly in comparison with antibody detectable by HI test. Although antibody was detected by HI test in all inoculated animals (n = 20) by day 7 postinoculation (PI), antibody was detected by ELISA in 0%, 75%, and 100% of the inoculated animals on days 7, 14, and 28 PI, respectively. Discrepancy in test results between the 2 serologic tests appeared to be because of differences in antibody isotypes detected by each test. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay mainly detected IgG antibody, whereas the HI test detects IgM antibody very efficiently as well as IgG antibody. Collectively, the commercial ELISA is highly specific for antibody to H1N1 SIV but may not identify positive animals at the early stage of infection as effectively as the HI test, particularly when SIV is introduced to a na?ve swine population.  相似文献   

Identification of QTL Affecting Protein and Amino Acid Contents in Rice     

ZHONG Ming  WANG Ling-qiang  YUAN De-jun  LUO Li-jun  XU Cai-guo  HE Yu-qing  National Center of Crop Molecular Breeding  Huazhong Agricultural University  Wuhan  China  Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center  Shanghai  ) 《水稻科学》2011,18(3):187-195

The phenotypes of protein and amino acid contents were measured in an F9 recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross between Zhenshan 97B and Delong 208. A total of 48 and 64 QTLs were identified in 2004 and 2005, respectively. The contribution of each QTL to the phenotypic variation ranged from 4.0% to 43.7%. Most QTLs co-localized, forming 29 QTL clusters on the chromosomes with three major ones detected in both years, which were mapped on chromosomes 1, 7 and 9, respectively. The two QTL clus...  相似文献   

园林植物高新技术育种研究综述和展望   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

季孔庶 《分子植物育种》2004,2(2):295-300

随着我国园林绿化市场的持续升温,园林植物育种领域的研究不断得到重视,在传统育种技术的基础上,以现代生物技术、航天和离子注入诱变育种为核心的高新技术育种得到较大程度的发展。本文阐述了基因工程和细胞工程技术在园林植物株型和花型、花色和香味、生长发育、延缓衰老、抗病虫、抗逆境等方面的研究现状;综述了航天育种和离子注入育种等高新技术的研究基础,及其在园林植物种质创新领域的研究进展;并介绍了国内有关研究单位的一些相关研究情况。分析了园林植物育种技术的发展趋势,并重点对园林植物现代生物技术、航天和离子注入育种作了展望。  相似文献   

A network model framework for prioritizing wetland conservation in the Great Plains     

Gene Albanese  David A. Haukos 《Landscape Ecology》2017,32(1):115-130

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The community idea in American country life     

Gene Wunderlich 《Agriculture and Human Values》2002,19(1):81-85

The American Country LifeAssociation was heir to Theodore Roosevelt'sCountry Life Commission, which examined thegeneral conditions of farming life in the opencountry, and...its larger problems. In1919, Kenyon Butterfield, a member ofRoosevelt's Commission, met withrepresentatives from 30 states and 25 nationalorganizations to form the American Country LifeAssociation. In that year, Butterfield, ACLA'sfirst president, published a book, TheFarmer and the New Day, whose defining chapterwas The Making of Communities: The CommunityIdea. The ACLA was educator created and led.Solutions to rural problems were seen aseducational matters. But educational philosophywas undergoing scrutiny and new educationalconcepts were arising from the bustling,industrializing, urbanizing times of late19th century. The experimental,unconstrained spirit of the nation at the turnof the century was formalized as pragmatism. Aleading pragmatist and educator of the time wasJohn Dewey, a contemporary of Butterfield.The communitarianism of Butterfield and Deweycarried throughout the life of ACLA in avariety of forms. Even after ACLA ended as anorganization in 1976, the concerns and idealscontinued in successor organizations, and canbe found in environmental, sustainableagriculture, and rural life organizationstoday. This paper traces one of continuingthemes of the ACLA, the community idea as a wayof adding a social dimension to agriculture'seconomic policies and development. The ACLAstory is a metaphor for country life throughmuch of 20th century America. ACLA is alsoa lesson in how organizations come into being,flourish, falter, die, and leave their legaciesto future generations.  相似文献   

Classifying coastal resources by integrating optical and radar imagery and color infrared photography     

Ramsey  Elijah W.  Nelson  Gene A.  Sapkota  Sijan K. 《Mangroves and Salt Marshes》1998,2(3):187-187

Mangroves and Salt Marshes -  相似文献   

Non-Steroidal Chemical Sex Manipulation of Tilapia   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Gene A.  Hines Stephen A.  Watts 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》1995,26(1):98-102

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The science and application of ecological monitoring   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

David B. Lindenmayer  Gene E. Likens 《Biological conservation》2010,143(6):1317-2069

We provide a broad overview of the underlying philosophy of ecological monitoring. We argue that the major characteristics of effective monitoring programs typically include: (1) Good questions. (2) A conceptual model of an ecosystem or population. (3) Strong partnerships between scientists, policy-makers and managers. (4) Frequent use of data collected.We classify monitoring programs into three categories - (1) Passive monitoring, which is devoid of specified questions or underlying study design and has limited rationale other than curiosity. (2) Mandated monitoring where environmental data are gathered as a stipulated requirement of government legislation or a political directive. The focus is usually to identify trends. (3) Question-driven monitoring, which is guided by a conceptual model and by a rigorous design that will typically result in a priori predictions that can be tested.There are advantages and disadvantages of mandated monitoring programs, which are typically large-scaled, and generally smaller-scaled, question-driven monitoring programs. For example, while question-driven monitoring programs can provide insights into the ecological processes giving rise to emergent environmental patterns, spatial generalization from them is difficult because results may not extrapolate well to other regions, states or to a national level. Conversely, while mandated monitoring can be useful for producing coarse level summaries of temporal changes in a target population or resource condition they may not identify the mechanism influencing a change in an ecosystem or an entity. A key remaining challenge is to develop much improved mandated monitoring programs through more widespread adoption of the features of successful question-driven monitoring programs in efforts to enhance biodiversity conservation and environmental management.  相似文献   

Salinization of Mirror Lake by Road Salt     

Gene E. Likens  Donald C. Buso 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2010,205(1-4):205-214

The salinization of Mirror Lake in the White Mountains of New Hampshire has been ongoing steadily since Interstate 93 (I-93) was built through the NE subcatchment of the lake in the fall and winter of 1969–1970. Salt added to I-93 during winter as a deicer has been transported to the lake by different quantified, hydrologic pathways, but primarily from the Northeast Tributary, which was intersected by I-93. Now, surprisingly, after the New Hampshire Department of Transportation has spent more than $500,000 on recent structural modifications to divert salt from I-93 away from the Northeast subcatchment of Mirror Lake, applications of salt to a small, town road traversing the other two subcatchments for the lake and servicing a new housing development, have become the major source of salt to the lake. Streamflow from these two subcatchments currently provides more than three times as much salt to the lake as from I-93, and the salt concentration in the lake continues to rise.  相似文献   

美洲黑杨杂种优良无性系转抗虫基因(Bt和CpTⅠ)的研究     

诸葛强  房丹  李秀芬  孙伟博  黄敏仁  王明庥 《分子植物育种》2006,(6)

以美洲黑杨杂种优良无性系南林895杨(Populus×euramericanac‘v.Nanlin895’)为转基因受体材料,以嫩芽或腋芽为外植体材料组织培养再生植株,利用农杆菌介导法转化Bt基因和CpTI基因。结果显示较合适的组培再生与遗传转化系统为:叶分化培养基为MS+6-BA0.5mg/L+TDZ0.002mg/L,芽伸长培养基为MS+6-BA0.2mg/L+TDZ0.001mg/L+Km10mg/L+Carb500mg/L,生根培养基为1/2MS;预培养3d,菌液浓度OD6001.0～1.3左右,侵染时间20min,共培养4d,叶盘转化频率可达28.7%。对Kmr植株经PCR分析,筛选获得了18株整合有Bt基因和1株整合有CpTI基因的转基因植株。部分转基因植株的初步饲虫实验表明,饲喂转基因杨树叶片可明显抑制杨小舟蛾的生长发育。  相似文献