Experience of Ring Rot Caused by Corynebacterium sepedonicum(Spieck. et Kotth.) Skapt. et Burkh. in Sweden. Particularly Detection of the Disease in its Latent Form)1     

K. Olsson 《EPPO Bulletin》1976,6(4):209-219

As it is difficult to detect ring rot in its latent form as well as in badly decayed tubers and in potato haulm, a diagnostic technique has been developed. With the help of a Turmix blender and a little water, a suspension is made of the suspected material. The suspension is inoculated into eggplants. Gram-staining of bacteria in sap from petioles of leaves showing symptoms is used to confirm the diagnosis. Some results obtained with this method applied on potatoes and potato haulm are described.  相似文献   

Experience of Brown Rot Caused by Pseudomonas solanacearum (Smith) Smith in Sweden1     

K. Olsson 《EPPO Bulletin》1976,6(4):199-207

Brown rot (Pseudomonas solanacearum [Smith] Smith) infection of 5% or less was found in potatoes from some fields in Southern Sweden at about 56° N in the years 1972 and 1973²⁾. The fields were irrigated with water from small streams. The pathogen has been isolated from a wild host, Solanum dulcamara, growing at the water's edge in one of the streams. The wild host is perennial and bacteria can overwinter in this host. Overwintering also occurred in artificially infected S. dulcamara at 59° N. No overwintering in soil has hitherto been demonstrated, in spite of experiments with artificially infested soil. Infections have probably originated from imported potatoes.  相似文献   

Prevalence of Mycoplasma agassizii and Chelonian herpesvirus in captive tortoises (Testudo sp.) in the United Kingdom.     

Jorge F Soares  Victoria J Chalker  Kerstin Erles  Sonya Holtby  Michael Waters  Stuart McArthur 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2004,35(1):25-33

During the months of April to August in 1999 and 2002, oral swabs were collected from 146 tortoises (Testudo sp.) in private collections in the United Kingdom and tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of Mycoplasma agassizii and Chelonian herpesvirus (ChHV). The presence of M. agassizii was confirmed by restriction digestion of the PCR product. A 307-bp fragment of the ChHV UL5 homologue gene was sequenced and found to show most similarity to equine herpesvirus type 1. A prevalence of 15.8 and 8.2% was found for M. agassizii and ChHV, respectively. Comparison of the carriage of both M. agassizii and ChHV in different species of tortoises correlated the presence of M. agassizii with Testudo horsfieldii and ChHV with Testudo marginata and Testudo graeca iberia. An association of ChHV with stomatitis was also found. Mixed infections with both agents were detected. The findings further demonstrate this pathogen-tortoise association and the cross transmission of these infections if different tortoise species are housed together.  相似文献   

A novel non‐azole topical treatment reduces Malassezia numbers and associated dermatitis: a short term prospective,randomized, blinded and placebo‐controlled trial in naturally infected dogs          下载免费PDF全文

Ylva Sjöström  Paul Mellor  Kerstin Bergvall 《Veterinary dermatology》2018,29(1):14-e7

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Inheritance, mode of inheritance, and candidate genes for primary hyperparathyroidism in Keeshonden     

Goldstein RE  Atwater DZ  Cazolli DM  Goldstein O  Wade CM  Lindblad-Toh K 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2007,21(1):199-203

BACKGROUND: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is caused by inappropriate secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) by autonomously functioning neoplastic or hyperplastic parathyroid "chief" cells. Keeshonden are thought to be over-represented in studies on canine PHPT, but no proof of heritability or mode of inheritance has been published. The canine disease clinically resembles human familial isolated hyperparathyroidism (FIHP). HYPOTHESIS: Primary hyperparathyroidism in Keeshonden is genetically transmitted and is caused by a mutation in 1 of 4 genes implicated in human FIHP: MEN1, CASR, HRPT2, or RET. ANIMALS: Pedigrees consisting of 1647 Keeshonden were created including 219 Keeshonden with known PHPT phenotypes (69 positive). DNA samples were obtained from 176 of the 219 Keeshonden (34 positive). METHODS: Heritability and mode of inheritance were determined by segregation analysis. Canine homologs to the human genes were identified. Exons and surrounding intron regions were sequenced and scanned for sense-altering polymorphisms or polymorphisms that segregated with the disease. Messenger RNA from a parathyroid tumor of an affected Keeshond was analyzed for polymorphisms and splice alterations. RESULTS: PHPT follows an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance in Keeshonden with possible age-dependent penetrance. No polymorphisms identified in the genes analyzed were associated with a change in predicted protein or in hypothesized splice sites. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: PHPT is an autosomal dominant, genetically transmitted disease in Keeshonden. Once the mutation locus is identified, genetic testing should quickly decrease the incidence of PHPT in this breed. It is unlikely that mutations in MEN1, CASR, HRPT2, or RET cause PHPT in Keeshonden.  相似文献   

Responses of the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) to different host plants: Implications for its management strategy     

Birhanu Sisay  Subramanian Sevgan  Christopher W. Weldon  Kerstin Krüger  Baldwyn Torto  Amanuel Tamiru 《Pest management science》2023,79(2):845-856

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Effects of pulsation rate and viscosity on pulsation-induced taste enhancement: new insights into texture-taste interactions     

Burseg KM  Camacho S  Bult JH 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(10):5548-5553

Oral stimulation with high-tastant concentrations that are alternared with low-tastant concentrations or water rinses (pulsatile stimulation) results in taste intensity ratings that are higher than continuous stimulation with the same average tastant concentration. This study tested the combined effects of taste pulsation rate and viscosity on pulsation-induced taste enhancement in apple juice. According to a tastant-kinetics hypothesis, less pulsation-induced taste enhancement is expected at enhanced pulsation rates in the high-viscous proximal stimulus compared to lower viscous stimuli. High-concentration sucrose apple juice pulses and low-concentration sucrose apple juice intervals were alternated at different pulsation periods (pulse + interval in seconds) every 2.5 s (period length = 5 s) or every 1.25 s (period length = 2.5 s). Pulsed stimuli were presented at two viscosity levels by the addition of pectin (0 and 10 g/L). Sweetness intensities of pulsed stimuli were compared to a continuous reference of the same net but nonalternating sucrose concentration. Sweetness ratings were higher for pulsatile stimuli than for continuous stimuli. In low-viscous stimuli, enhancement depended on the pulsation period and peaked at 5 s periods. In high-viscous stimuli, the same enhancement was observed for both pulsation periods. These results contradict a tastant-kinetics hypothesis of viscosity-induced taste suppression because impaired tastant kinetics by viscosity would predict the opposite: lower pulsation-induced taste enhancement for viscous stimuli, especially at higher pulsation rates. Instead, these observations favor an explanation based on perceptual texture-taste interactions, which predict the observed independence between viscosity and pulsation rate.  相似文献   

Tundra plants protect the soil surface from UV     

Kevin A. Hughes  Kerstin Scherer  Petra Rettberg  Pete Convey 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2006,38(6):1488-1490

In the Arctic, seasonal ozone depletion is resulting in periods of enhanced UV-B radiation at ground level while regional climate change is associated with increasing temperatures. These changes are likely to alter plant distribution, biodiversity and morphology, which may have knock-on effects for microbially driven biogeochemical cycling and other soil processes. Our study examined the transmission of solar UV radiation through arctic tundra plants using a portable UV radiometer and the DLR-biofilm biological UV dosimeter. A strong negative correlation was found between vegetation cover and UV transmission to the soil surface. Penetration of UV to the soil beneath tundra plants varied depending upon plant morphology, being greater through low creeping plants than cushion plants, grasses or mosses. UV transmission to the soil surface beyond the foliage edge also varied with plant morphology and the presence of flowers.  相似文献   

Increased utilization of different tree parts for energy purposes in the Nordic countries     

Heljä-Sisko Helmisaari  Lilli Kaarakka  Bengt A. Olsson 《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2014,29(4):312-322

The review gives an overview of the increased utilization of forest biomass for energy. The emphasis is on Nordic countries, especially on Sweden and Finland with large biomass potentials and a high share of renewable energy in gross final energy consumption. The utilization and potential of forest chip sources such as logging residues, small-size tree stems and stumps that are normally not harvested in conventional harvesting are described. Environmental potential and impacts that may reduce the utilization of forest biomass are discussed based on recent publications. Finally, the review summarizes the future developments based on their relationship to policies, certifications and guidelines and forest owners' decisions.  相似文献   

Thin sow syndrome (TSS): the effect of amperozide     

S C Kyriakis  K Martinsson  N G Olsson  A Bjork 《The British veterinary journal》1990,146(5):463-467

Sixty sows suffering from typical post-weaning TSS were divided into three groups: (1) 20 as negative controls (NC); (2) 20 as positive controls (PC) treated with vitamins, trace elements and antibiotics; and (3) 20 injected with amperozide (2 mg/kg body weight), a new neuroleptic compound with antistress and anxiolytic properties. Amperozide treated sows fully recovered (P less than 0.05) and 80% became pregnant, while figures for the PC and NC groups were only 15% and 10% respectively. Mortality was up to 50% in the NC, 40% in the PC and only 15% in the amperozide treated group (P less than 0.05). These field results warrant further studies in unravelling the aetiology and prevention of this condition.  相似文献