Influence of death struggle on the structural changes in chub mackerel muscle during chilled storage     

Masashi Ando  Masao Joka  Satoshi Mochizuki  Koh-Ichi Satoh  Yasuyuki Tsukamasa  Yasuo Makinodan 《Fisheries Science》2001,67(4):744-751

ABSTRACT: Chub mackerel (34–35 cm, approximately 500 g), which were caught by fishing with a rod and line at the Bungo Channel, Oita prefecture, were rested overnight in a fish preserve and either killed by decapitation (control group) or allowed to struggle in air for 30 min (struggled group). Muscle samples were excised every 4 h, and measurements on breaking strength and histological observations were done for both groups. The breaking strength of muscle in the control group was significantly higher than that in the struggled group, whereby a decrease in breaking strength was delayed for 12 h compared to the struggled group. Light microscopy showed space extension among muscle cells in association with a decrease in breaking strength. Especially in the struggled group, the extended area was larger and the difference in area was significant at the time when breaking strength showed a significant difference. Using electron microscopy, the extended area showed cut and/or disappeared collagen fibrils. From these results, it was demonstrated that struggling to death promoted the degradation of collagen fibrils and the weakening of connective tissue and, resultantly, led to the faster softening of muscle of chub mackerel.  相似文献   

A direct enzyme immunoassay for the measurement of furosemide in horse plasma     

Nagata S  Kurosawa M  Kuwajima M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(3):305-307

A new enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for the measurement of furosemide in horse plasma is described. The lower limit of detection of this EIA method was 7.8 ng/ml. The intra-and inter-assay coefficients of variation ranged from 2.5% to 4.9% and 7.5% to 9.8%, respectively. Cross-reactivity with other compounds was not observed. There was a high correlation (r2=0.987) between the high-performance liquid chromatography and EIA results obtained for furosemide concentrations in horse plasma. These results indicate that the newly developed EIA method is useful for the quantitative analysis of furosemide in horse plasma.  相似文献   

Vulnerability of feline T-lymphocytes to charged particles     

Kakizaki T  Hamada N  Sakashita T  Wada S  Hara T  Funayama T  Hohdatsu T  Natsuhori M  Sano T  Kobayashi Y  Ito N 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(6):605-609

An analysis of ionizing radiation-induced damage in peripheral lymphocytes has been employed to predict the prognosis of radiotherapy in terms of toxicity in normal tissues. Therefore, understanding the sensitivity of lymphocytes to high linear energy transfer (LET)-charged particles would be indispensable for utilizing charged particle therapy in veterinary medicine. However, the availability of such information is very limited. This study aimed to compare the radiosensitivity of feline T lymphocytes to gamma-rays (0.2 keV/microm) and 4 different types of charged particles with LET values ranging from 2.8 to 114 keV/microm. It was observed that the relative biological effectiveness, inactivation cross-section, and isodose-induced apoptosis increased in an LET-dependent manner. On the other hand, no difference in apoptosis frequency was observed in the cells exposed to an isosurvival dose of all the radiation types tested. This is the first study that demonstrates the LET dependence of cell killing and apoptosis induction in feline T lymphocytes. Our results suggest that lymphocytes can be effectively used to predict the prognosis of charged-particle therapy in cat patients.  相似文献   

Effect of amending materials on growth of radish plant in salinized soil     

G. Shokohifard  K. Sakagami  R. Hamada  S. Matsumoto 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(10):1195-1214

The critical Na levels in soil which restricted seed germination and growth of radish, and effect of the amending materials on reducing the salinity hazard were determined by performing petri dish and pot experiments. The plants were grown in amended salinized soil in a phytotron for 21 days. Excess accumulation of Na in cells suppressed seed germination and plant growth. The critical Na level in control soil which restricted germination and growth was 12.5mg Na/g soil. At the same salinity level, amending materials promoted seed germination and plant growth mainly by inhibiting the excess flow of Na into the cell through ion holding mechanism. Among the materials used, the commercial manure of 4 months old held greater amount of Na(3.7mg/g) and thus more efficiently reduced the ion damage. Plants grown under such treatment had the highest dry matter yield (28.Gmg/plant), water content was normal(84%), and the ratio for Na in root to Na in plant's shoot was 2.4. As for the case of plant grown in control soil the respective data were 8. 5mg, 54%, and 4.8.  相似文献   

Studies on the properties of organic matfer in buried humic horizon derived from volcanic ash     

Masao Yoshida  Kan-ichi Sakagami  Ryunosuke Hamada  Takashi Kurobe 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(2):277-287

To investigate the relationship between the change of humus property and time factor, the humus composition in the buried humic horizons with the age from 28,000 years B.P. to the present was studied, according to the method presented by Kumada et al. (7).

The fH decreased with the elapse of time and in case of most of humus in the buried humic horizons with the age over 10,000 years, the fH became lower than 40 and were in the form of so-called ‘combined’ humus.

When 3,000-4,000 years have passed since the surface soil buried, the humic acid first moved . to ‘combined form.’ Second, after over 10,000 years, the fulvic acid moved to ‘combined form.’

The humification of ‘free’ humic acid proceeded with the elapse of time till around 5,000 years but of 'combined' humic acid till around 7,000 years. Both the humification-degree of ‘free’ humic acid after around 5,000 years and of ‘combined’ humic acid after around 7,000 years decreased. The humification-degree of ‘free’ and ‘combined’ humic acid from the samples with the age about 15,000 years B.P. to 28,000 years B.P. may be the same.  相似文献   

Effect of bensulfuron-methyl (a sulfonylurea herbicide) on the soil bacterial community of a paddy soil microcosm   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Masao?Saeki  Koki?ToyotaEmail author 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2004,40(2):110-118

The effect of bensulfuron-methyl (BSM) on a soil microbial community in a model paddy microcosm was studied. Total bacterial numbers in the overlying water and surface soil were monitored for 2 months after the application of BSM at the field rate and a ten-fold field rate. Pentachlorophenol (PCP) was used for comparison. Neither chemical affected the total bacterial numbers remarkably, either in the overlying water or in the surface soil. In contrast, the nitrification potential was significantly suppressed by the BSM application. The bacterial community structure, as evaluated by the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of PCR amplification products from bacterial 16S rDNA, was unaffected by the BSM treatments over 8 weeks in the surface soil, compared with the control (no pesticide). In contrast, the surface soil exposed to PCP at a ten-fold field rate showed different patterns from the controls at 4 weeks and 8 weeks after application. The DGGE patterns of the overlying water were much more variable than those of the surface soil in any treatments. Cluster analysis showed that the BSM plots were classified within the same group as the control at 1 week after application and that the BSM and PCP plots from 2 weeks onward after application were grouped differently from the control. Of 22 clones excised from the DGGE gels, 20 clones belonged to the Proteobacteria and two belonged to the Verrucomicrobia. It was considered that the impact of BSM on the overall microbial community (total numbers, community structure of soil) was negligible, although BSM had an impact on some specific functions of the soil microbial community (nitrification) and a part of the community (overlying water).  相似文献   

Invasion and colonization of mature apple fruit by Erwinia amylovora tagged with bioluminescence genes     

Koji Azegami  Takanori Tsukamoto  Takayuki Matsuura  Tatsuji Ohara  Yasuhiro Inoue  Akifumi Mizuno  Kouji Yoshida  Hideo Bessho  Shigeru Kimura  Masao Goto 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2005,71(1):98-98

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An Improved Method for Isolating Violet Root Rot Fungus, Helicobasidium mompa, from Basidiocarps     

Hitoshi NAKAMURA  Yukari UETAKE  Masao ARAKAWA  Ikuko OKABE  Naoyuki MATSUMOTO 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2001,67(1):37-40

Basidiocarps of the violet root rot fungus, Helicobasidium mompa, are less frequently used for isolation than are mycelial strands and sclerotia even though the basidiocarps are conspicuously produced at the trunk base of diseased plants. Basidiocarps are also more suitable for storage. This paper describes an improved method for obtaining pure cultures from basidiocarps using microcentrifuge tubes to facilitate the awkward steps of rinsing fungal materials under a dissecting microscope. Received 28 June 2000/ Accepted in revised form 4 August 2000  相似文献   

Detection of CAP59 gene in 2 feline cases of systemic cryptococcosis     

Okabayashi K  Kano R  Sirouzu K  Yanai T  Mizuno M  Yamamura H  Saegusa S  Hasegawa A 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(8):953-955

Two feline cases were diagnosed as systemic cryptococcosis due to Cryptococcus neoformans (teleomorph: Filobasidiella neoformans) by PCR assay with CAP59 gene primers using urine, serum and biopsy samples. The results of molecular analysis were consistent with the mycological findings.  相似文献   

Down regulation of a novel protein,PSP, in rat hepatoma cdRLh 84-beared tumor     

Kaneki K  Kanouchi H  Matsumoto M  Kawasaki Y  Akuzawa M  Oka T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(7):781-785

Perchloric acid-soluble protein (PSP) is a members of a new hypothetical family (YER057c/YJGF family) of small proteins with presently unknown function. The high degree of evolutionary conservation of these proteins reflect an involvement in basic cellular regulation. The expression of PSP was examined in rat hepatoma cell dRLh 84-beared rats. The tumor weight increased to 4.24 g at 3 weeks after the transplantation of hepatoma cells and hepatoma which has less differentiated characteristics were observed in rat liver. The expression of PSP in rat hepatoma was down regulated as compared with intact tissue. Thus the expression of PSP seems to be associated with the differentiation process in these transformed cells. On the other hand, some positive cells against the PSP-antibody were observed in the central region of tumor tissue by immunohistochemistry. These cells were shown to be the lymphocytes and the macrophages. The involvement of PSP to cellular growth and differentiation is discussed.  相似文献