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1.
Michihiko?SaitoEmail author Deepak Raj?Rai Ryoichi?Masuda 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2003,69(5):304-306
During storage studies on asparagus spears packed in plastic film and held at 15°C, a Penicillium fungus was associated with subsequent spoilage. On the basis of colony characteristics, the isolate was identified as Penicillium hirsutum Diercks. This report is the first of Penicillium hirsutum causing spoilage of asparagus spears in Japan. Inoculation tests showed that among all the Penicillium species tested in this study only the identified fungus was able to infect asparagus spears. 相似文献
2.
Hirofumi Tanaka Toshiharu Takanashi Masaya Kadota Michihiko Yatazawa 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1972,1(4):343-346
Photosynthesis is reversibly inhibited by exposing plants to SO2. The formation of α-hydroxy sulfonate in the exposed plants is suggested as one of the effects, because this compound inhibits glycolic oxidase which is necessary in the glycolic acid pathway. The suppression of the glycolic acid path should affect various aspects of metabolism in plants, particularly the reduction of the biosynthesis of glycine and serine. In this paper, the biosynthesis of these amino acids in plants exposed to SO2 was investigated to estimate the significance of the formation of α-hydroxy sulfonate in the plants. The results show that photosynthetic formation of serine was reduced in the exposed plants, and that α-hydroxy sulfonate was formed. 相似文献
3.
Yamazaki S Numano R Abe M Hida A Takahashi R Ueda M Block GD Sakaki Y Menaker M Tei H 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2000,288(5466):682-685
In multicellular organisms, circadian oscillators are organized into multitissue systems which function as biological clocks that regulate the activities of the organism in relation to environmental cycles and provide an internal temporal framework. To investigate the organization of a mammalian circadian system, we constructed a transgenic rat line in which luciferase is rhythmically expressed under the control of the mouse Per1 promoter. Light emission from cultured suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of these rats was invariably and robustly rhythmic and persisted for up to 32 days in vitro. Liver, lung, and skeletal muscle also expressed circadian rhythms, which damped after two to seven cycles in vitro. In response to advances and delays of the environmental light cycle, the circadian rhythm of light emission from the SCN shifted more rapidly than did the rhythm of locomotor behavior or the rhythms in peripheral tissues. We hypothesize that a self-sustained circadian pacemaker in the SCN entrains circadian oscillators in the periphery to maintain adaptive phase control, which is temporarily lost following large, abrupt shifts in the environmental light cycle. 相似文献
4.
Murahashi T Fujimoto M Oka MA Hashimoto Y Uemura T Tatsumi Y Nakao Y Ikeda A Sakaki S Kurosawa H 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,313(5790):1104-1107
Despite the abundance of "sandwich" complexes, in which two cyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ligands flank a metal center, this motif has not been extended to sheets of multiple metal atoms. We prepared and isolated two such compounds. In the first, three palladium centers form a planar triangular array, capped by chlorides, between two cycloheptatrienyl ligands. In the second, a pentapalladium sheet adopts an edge-sharing triangle-trapezoid skeleton between two naphthacene rings. The compounds were characterized by x-ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The nature of bonding in the clusters was analyzed by quantum calculations. 相似文献
5.
Countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) that depend on foreign aid once political independence is gained, continue to be affected by changing aid modalities led by aid communities. It has been claimed that previous irrigation programs in SSA have not improved agricultural production as expected, and that the budget for implementation of further irrigation development has then been decreased. As a result, small-scale operations, which are part of participatory integrated rural development (PIRD), have become mainstream in the implementation of irrigation development in SSA. A small-scale irrigation development (SSID) was considered capable of attracting initial investment, required shorter construction periods, was comparatively easy to design, farmers were able to maintain the system themselves, and it had a lesser environmental impact. In general, to achieve a sustainable irrigation scheme, three systems must be established: a “water utilization system”; an “operation and maintenance (O&M) system”; and a “succession system”. This paper discusses SSID in SSA with regard to a number of important factors, i.e., environmental, economic, and social factors, all of which impact on the sustainability of SSID. The progress of low-input, effective, and sustainable irrigation development (LESID) and the impact of changing aid modalities is followed in three countries, Ghana, Malawi, and Tanzania. In addition, the future effective implementation of SSID by way of LESID in other SSA countries is discussed. A self-supported SSID (as employed in Malawi) is currently considered the most appropriate LESID for least developed countries (LDCs) in SSA. 相似文献
6.
Michihiko Yatazawa Katsuhisa Furuhashi Norio Kurihara Yoshihisa Ohnishi 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(3):85-88
There have been several papers dealing with the difference in chemical composition between callus tissue and normal parent tissue. WEINSTEIN, TULECKE, NICKELL, and LAURENCOT (1–3) revealed, in a series of papers, that the contents of amino acids, sugars, and nucleic acids often differed strikingly between callus and normal tissue of Agave toumeyana Trel. (1), Ginkgo biloba, L. (2), and PAUL's scarlet rose (3). STEWARD, THOMPSON, and POLLARD (4) also reported that the content of some amino acids of rapidly growing and randomly proliferating tissue is outstandingly different from that of normal tissue. 相似文献
7.
Katsuhisa Furuhashi Kuk Ki Le Michihiko Yatazawa 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(5):185-189
There are many reports on the effect of arginine on the growth of cultivated tissues or organs. Arginine usually enhances the growth of tissues and organs (1-9). 相似文献
8.
Shigeyuki Tajima Michihiko Yatazawa Yukio Yamamoto 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(2):225-235
A remarkable accumulation and utilization of allantoin are observed in soybean plant bearing modules (Glycine max variety A62-1). To study ita physiological role, changes in activities and distribution of the enzymes concerning the purine catabolism (i.e., xanthine oxidase, uricase, allantoinase and allantoicase) were measured during development. Uricase activity was found in the radicles in the early stage of seedling development, and no difference of the enzyme activity was detected between the radicles of the nodulating variety (A62-) and non-nodulating variety (A62-2). On maturation the activity disappeared rapidly in radicles and appeared in leaves, pods and nodules. The activity in nodules was much higher than that in the leaves and the pods throughout the culture period. Xanthine oxidase activity was found in the radicles and nodules. Allantoinase activity was present in all regions of both varieties, and the specific activity in the nodules Was 2-10 times that in other regions. Allantoicase activity was detected in the leaves, but not in the nodules. The distribution of these enzymes suggested that allantoin is formed in the nodules and utilized mainly in the leaves after translocation. Changes in the allantoin concentration and in the activities of uricase and allantoicase were studied in non-nodulating soybean (A62-2) grown in a culture solution containing various nitrogenous compounds. The allantoin concentration in the leaves increased as the plants were cultured in the solution containing 100 ppm of nitrate-N, urea-N or allantoin-N, whereas no uricase activity in the root was detected. The specific activity of uricase decreased in the process of plant development in all cultures. Allantoicase activity increased in the roots and leaves when the plants were cultured in this solution containing 100 ppm of urea-N or allantoin-N, indicating that allantoin is utilized easily in the soybean plants. Intracellular localization of uricase in the nodules was studied by the method of linear sucrose density gradient centrifugation. The uricase activity was associated with the bacteroids, density 1.25. The uricase activity peak was coincident with the peak of fonnic dehydrogenase activity (bacteria type), and not with peaks of catalase activity, cytochrome oxidase activity and absorbance at 280 nm. This evidence together with the observation by electron microscopy suggested that at uricase is associated with bacteroids. 相似文献
9.
The discovery of dinotefuran: a novel neonicotinoid 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Wakita T Kinoshita K Yamada E Yasui N Kawahara N Naoi A Nakaya M Ebihara K Matsuno H Kodaka K 《Pest management science》2003,59(9):1016-1022
Dinotefuran (MTI-446: (RS)-1-methyl-2-nitro-3-(tetrahydro-3-furylmethyl)guanidine) is a new neonicotinoid commercialized by Mitsui Chemicals. Research led to this novel neonicotinoid by the removal of the chloropyridine or chlorothiazole ring that had been considered as indispensable for neonicotinoides. The research advanced as follows; (1) selection of acetylcholine for the lead compound, (2) recognition of the insecticidal advantages of 3-methoxypropyl compounds, (3) synthesis of (+/-)-tetrahydro-3-furylmethyl compounds by cyclization of the 3-methoxypropyl moiety. It resulted in dinotefuran which has a (+/-)-tetrahydro-3-furylmethyl moiety instead of a halogenated aromatic heterocyclic ring, and belongs to the third-generation neonicotinoids (sub-class: furanicotinyl compounds). 相似文献
10.
Hirofumi Tanaka Toshiharu Takanashi Michihiko Yatazawa 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1974,3(1):11-16
Photosynthesis decreases reversibly in plants exposed to SO2. Photosynthesis recovers when the exposure to SO2 is discontinued. Inactivation of a photosynthetic enzyme, ribulose-1,5-diphosphate carboxylase, by sulfonation of its SH groups was investigated as a cause of the reversible reduction of photosynthesis. The relationship between the sulfite ion concentration in the reaction mixture and 14CO2 fixation catalized by the enzyme which was prepared from alfalfa leaves was explored by using radioactive NaHCO3. About 50% and 85% inhibitions of 14CO2 fixation were observed at 3 × 10?3 M and 3 × 10?2 M concentration of sulfite ion in the reaction mixture, respectively. The accumulation of 3 × 10?4 M sulfite ion on the reaction site of the enzyme involved in the plants which were exposed to SO2 could considerably reduce the CO2 assimilation of the plant. 相似文献