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The effect of aflatoxin treatment and/or feeding of a high level of α‐tocopherol on immune response and disease resistance was investigated in Indian major carp, Labeo rohita. Group A served as a healthy control, group B was treated with aflatoxin, group C was fed a high level of α‐tocopherol whereas group D was exposed both to aflatoxin and a high level of dietary α‐tocopherol for 60 days. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was injected once intraperitoneally into fish on the first day of the experiment (groups B & D). High levels of DL‐α‐tocopherol (1000 mg kg–1 feed) were provided to healthy as well as AFB1‐treated immunocompromised fish for 60 days (groups C & D). At the end of the experiment blood samples were assayed for changes in nonspecific immunity and humoral protein levels. Disease resistance against two common bacterial pathogens viz., Aeromonas hydrophila and Edwardsiella tarda were evaluated in all groups. Significant (P < 0.05) suppression of specific immunity as measured through haemagglutination (HA) titre against sheep red blood cells (SRBCs) as well as bacterial (formalin‐killed E. tarda) agglutination titre; nonspecific resistance factors viz., globulin level, serum bactericidal and lysozyme activities, neutrophil activities, and disease resistance against two bacterial pathogens only in aflatoxin‐treated fish with respect to the control group, clearly indicated the immunosuppressive nature of aflatoxin. Feeding of a high level of α‐tocopherol to AFB1‐treated immunocompromised fish significantly (P < 0.05) raised specific immunity, nonspecific resistance factors and disease resistance capacity when compared with aflatoxin‐exposed fish. Disease resistance and enhancement of immune status through feeding of high levels of α‐tocopherol to healthy as well as AFB1‐treated immunocompromised fish confirmed the potential of α‐tocopherol in carp feed for prevention of disease and for combating natural/environmental immunosuppressants. 相似文献
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Ravindra DONDE Jitendra KUMAR Gayatri GOUDA Manoj Kumar GUPTA Mitadru MUKHERJEE Sk Yasin BAKSH Pradosh MAHADANI Khirod Kumar SAHOO Lambodar BEHERA Sushanta Kumar DASH 《水稻科学》2019,26(4):239-247
The introgression of wild chromosomal segments into popular rice varieties is one of the potential approaches for developing varieties for drought stress condition. Sixteen genotypes, including nine indica, two tropical japonica and five chromosome segments substitution lines(CSSLs) with different levels of tolerance/susceptibility to drought stress, were selected for diversity study. Sixty-three microsatellite markers were utilized for assessing genetic diversity. A total of 95 alleles were amplified, and out of them, 60 were polymorphic. Six unique alleles, amplified by the microsatellite loci RM276, RM472,RM488, RM537, RM541 and RM28089, were identified in six genotypes, namely FR13A, Brahamanakhi,RUF44, Swarna-sub1, Brahamanakhi and Satyabhama. The highest genetic similarity was found among CSSLs. Polymorphism information content(PIC) value varied from 0 to 1.00 with an average of 0.66 per locus. Twenty-eight microsatellites were found to be polymorphic, which could be used in marker-assisted selection programme. All the sixteen genotypes were grouped into two major clusters at genetic similarity of 0.64. In the cluster I, five CSSLs identified as diverse genotypes had wild ancestor segments responsible for drought tolerance, and hence they could be utilized as potential donors. The popular Indian varieties, Swarna-sub1 and IR64-sub1, could be used as recurrent parents in the future breeding program for developing varieties for abiotic stresses such as submergence and drought. 相似文献
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Utilization of fly ash, a byproduct of coal combustion in thermal power plants, is a sustainable use of waste for power generation. Discarding fly ash as waste in landfills/ash ponds may not only be regarded as a loss of valuable land and essential nutrients, but also pose a significant health hazard due to fine air-borne particles and leaching of heavy metals. The presence of essential macro- and micronutrients and its porosity make fly ash an excellent soil amendment for plant growth as an organic nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) supplementation. As harmful heavy metals make fly ash unsafe for agronomy, bioenergy crop plantation and energy generation from different thermochemical conversions of the biomass would be an ideal method for coal fly ash utilization through which carbon-neutral fuel can be generated from fossil fuel, thus reducing climate change impact. This review summarizes the development of bioenergy plantation and silviculture at fly ash dumpsites with an integrated phyto-bio-rhizo-mycoremediation approach and assesses utilization of the valuable biomass for thermal energy, electricity, and biofuel generation with inclusion of a SWOT analysis (a strategic technique typically used to help identify the strength, weakness, opportunities, and threat). Bioenergy crop production through integrated phytomanagement can generate billions of dollars of wealth from waste and provides a sustainable solution for fly ash management, with environmental, economic, and social benefits. 相似文献
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Effects of dietary vitamin C on immunity, growth and survival of Indian major carp Labeo rohita, fingerlings 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
An 8‐week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of dietary l ‐ascorbic acid (AA) dosages on immunity, growth and survival of the fingerlings of Labeo rohita. AA was supplemented at 0, 100, 200 and 500 mg kg−1 basal diets. Each diet was fed for 8 weeks to duplicate groups of fingerlings of rohu with initial body weight of 35 ± 5 g. Selected biochemical and haematological analyses were evaluated every second week. At the end of the feeding trial of 56 days, fish were divided into two subgroups under each major treatment group for challenge with two pathogens, Aeromonas hydrophila and Edwardsiella tarda. The mortality (%) and agglutinating antibody titre were recorded on 28th day postchallenge. Non‐specific immune parameters like superoxide anion production, lysozyme activity and complement activity increased independently of the levels of AA in the diet. Whereas phagocytic ratio, phagocytic indices, lymphokine production indices and serum bactericidal activity were better in the group of fish fed with 200 mg AA kg−1 feed for 42 days. However, growth parameters such as specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio and survival were better in the group of fish fed with the highest level of AA through feed for 56 days. These data indicated that elevated levels of dietary AA could be recommended for optimum immunity, growth and survival of fingerlings of L. rohita. 相似文献
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Environmental arsenic (As) contamination, considered as the largest mass poisoning of the human population, has become a serious health concern for the people of South East Asia, including those living in the Bengal delta. An As-resistant strain, KUMAs15, was isolated from the As-contaminated fields in Nadia Ddistrict in West Bengal, India and was evaluated for its possible use in environmental As bioremediation. Molecular identification based on 16S rDNA gene sequencing revealed that the strain belonged to the genus Micrococcus. The strain tolerated high levels of As and oxidized arsenite under the culture condition. The strain also accumulated large quantities of As when exposed to a wide range of environmentally relevant concentrations of inorganic As. Analysis of the aoxB, arsB, and arsC gene expression explained the underlying cause of arsenite oxidation and As accumulation by KUMAs15. The As-resistant strain KUMAs15 of Micrococcus sp. was suggested to be a potential environmental As decontaminant. 相似文献
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Succinylcholine lowers the resting membrane potential taken with microelectrodes similarly in nerve-scarce and innervated portions of frog sartorius muscle. Twitches to electrical excitation of the nerve-scarce pelvic end of the muscle are also rapidly reduced. The results indicate that succinylcholine probably acts generally on the muscle membrance to diminish excitability. 相似文献
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Coal mining adversely affects soil quality around opencast mines. Therefore, a study was conducted in 2010 and 2011 to assess seasonal and site-specific variations in physical, chemical, and biological properties of soil collected at different distances from mining areas in the Jharia coalfield, India. Throughout the year, the soil in sites near coal mines had a significantly higher bulk density, temperature, electrical conductivity, and sulfate and heavy metal contents and a significantly lower water-holding capacity, porosity, moisture content, pH, and total nitrogen and available phosphorus contents, compared with the soil collected far from the mines. However, biological properties were site-specific and seasonal. Soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and nitrogen (MBN), MBC/MBN, and soil respiration were the highest during the rainy season and the lowest in summer, with the minimum values in the soil near coal mines. A soil quality index revealed a significant effect of heavy metal content on soil biological properties in the coal mining areas. 相似文献
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Mitadru Mukherjee Barada Padhy Bharathkumar Srinivasan Pradosh Mahadani Sk Yasin Baksh Ravindra Donde Onkar Nath Singh Lambodar Behera Padmini Swain Sushanta Kumar Dash 《水稻科学》2018,25(6):308-319
A total of 17 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers linked to QTLs (qDTYs) governing grain yield under reproductive stage (RS) drought stress were used to assess the genetic relationship and prospecting new donors for qDTYs among 32 popular upland rice genotypes. These SSR markers generated a total of 36 alleles with an average allele count of 2.1 per locus. Polymorphic information content value of the markers ranged from 0.376 to 0.662 with an average value of 0.484. The expected heterozyogosity ranged from 0.381 to 0.632. STRUCTURE analysis divided the 32 genotypes into three sub-populations. Subsequent phenotyping revealed that all the tolerant genotypes were grouped into one sub-population, whereas the moderately tolerant and susceptible genotypes were grouped into separate sub-populations. Phylogenetic tree constructed by the unweighted neighbour-joining method also divided the genotypes into three clusters. The grouping pattern of genotypes into the clusters was similar to that into the STRUCTURE analysis, on the basis of drought tolerance level. The average value of genetic dissimilarity coefficient among the genotypes was observed to be 0.486. Furthermore, by combining genotyping data with phenotyping data, 16 new donors for 6 qDTYs were identified. 相似文献
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The study was to determine the effect of long-term administration of different dosages of levamisole on growth, immune response and disease resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila & Edwardsiella tarda in Labeo rohita fingerlings. Fish were fed with four different dosages of levamisole (0, 125, 250 and 500 mg kg−1 diet) for 56 days. Different serum biochemical and haematological parameters such as serum total protein content, albumin content, globulin content, albumin/globulin ratio, glucose content, leucocytes count; cellular immune parameters including superoxide anion production, phagocytic activities, lymphokine production index; humoural immune parameters including lysozyme, complement and serum bactericidal activities were evaluated after 14 days interval. After 56 days, fish were divided into two subgroups under each treatment group for challenge with pathogens A. hydrophila and E. tarda . The cumulative mortality (%) and agglutinating antibody titre was recorded on 28th day postchallenge. WBC count, phagocytic ratio, lymphokine production index, lysozyme activity and serum bactericidal activity were increased upon administration of levamisole dosages for long term. However, the growth performance and survival against pathogens was not significantly changed over 56 days administration of levamisole. But incorporation of moderate dosage of levamisole for 42 days results better immune response without effect on growth and survival of L. rohita fingerlings. 相似文献
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