排序方式： 共有16条查询结果，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
M. S. Pallavi H. K. Ramappa K. S. Shankarappa K. T. Rangaswamy W. A. R. T. Wickramaarachchi M. N. Maruthi 《Phytoparasitica》2012,40(3):279-286
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) plants showing typical symptoms of infection by a phytoplasma that causes phyllody disease have been commonly observed in recent years in parts of south India. The symptoms included pale green leaves, bushy appearance due to excessive stunting of shoots, reduced internodal length and excessive axillary proliferation. The causal agent of the phyllody disease was identified based on symptoms, amplification of 16S rDNA of the phytoplasma by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from infected samples, as well as by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. First round PCR and nested-PCR protocols were standardized for improved efficiency and reliability of the diagnostic protocols. Using the primers P1/P7 and R16F2n/R16R2, 1,800?bp and 1,200?bp size products were amplified in first round PCR and nested-PCR protocols, respectively. The PCR product was cloned and sequenced and compared with the reference phytoplasma sequences from the database (NCBI). The Indian chickpea phyllody phytoplasma 16S rDNA sequences shared the highest nucleotide identity (>98%) with the 16S rII group phytoplasma candidates, also infecting chickpea from Australia and Pakistan. This is the first report of a phytoplasma of the 16SrII-group infecting chickpea from India. The genetic similarities and the potential threat of this new disease to chickpea cultivation in India are discussed. 相似文献
2.
Mandalapu Pallavi Pulluru Sanjana Reddy Chamarthy Venkata Ratnavathi Kancharla Venkata Radha Krishna 《Plant Breeding》2023,142(3):345-356
Pearl millet occupies an important place in attaining nutritional security in marginal areas; however, as it develops off-flavours, it is less preferred by food industry. The objective of the current study was to determine the variations in rancidity-related traits and estimate the combining ability of inbreds and hybrids for these traits under varied environmental conditions. In this study, 32 hybrids were developed from eight lines and four testers using line × tester mating design and evaluated along with parents and checks 86M86 and HHB 67 for yield and rancidity-associated traits in three environments. The hybrids L7T2 and L6T1 are identified as promising hybrids for grain yield and rancidity. Higher variance due to specific combining ability and predictability ratio for grain yield and rancidity-associated characters indicate the predominance of non-additive gene action. The tester T1 recorded a significant negative GCA effect with low alcoholic acidity. A significant and positive SCA for grain yield was observed in L3T1 and L7T2, whereas for rancidity in L5T4. Alcoholic acidity showed a significant positive association with 1000 seed weight, lipase and lipoxygenase in parents and negative association with 1000 seed weight in hybrids. 相似文献
3.
4.
Suchitra Banerjee Sailendra SinghHarshita Pandey Pallavi PandeyLaiq ur Rahman 《Industrial Crops and Products》2012,36(1):383-388
Curcuma amada Roxb. (family Zingiberaceae), is gaining global attention as potential source of new drug molecule(s) as it is credited with compounds having remarkable pharmacological properties. Recognizing the risk of loss of genetic variability of C. amada in response to imprudent exploitation of the natural resources coupled with unsystematic cultivation practices, preservation of its genetic resources has attracted the current research attention. The present study exploited the multifarious properties of Luffa sponge (i.e. sound physical strength, stability in texture/shape over wide pH range and repeated autoclaving, cost effective availability, etc.) as a novel matrix for synthetic seed conservation. In this study, we have evaluated the consequences of the presence of two fungicides, namely - bavistin and rosebengal, in the gel matrix as well as in the Luffa sponge for conservation of contamination free germplasm of C. amada. A maximum of 50% and 75% regrowth could be recorded amongst rosebengal and bavistin containing synthetic seeds respectively after 4 weeks of plating on plant growth regulator-free MS medium. Further growth of the encapsulated microshoots was significantly impeded by the presence of rosebengal within the synthetic seeds. On the contrary, the bavistin containing synthetic seeds demonstrated five times better regeneration ability to contamination-free shoots. A total of 78% survival was achieved upon transfer of these healthy plantlets to glass-house. RAPD fingerprinting revealed 84.62% genetic similarity between randomly selected synthetic seed derived plantlets. This report strengthened the vital conservation approach of C. amada using inexpensive Luffa sponge as storage matrix and bavistin for eradication of contaminations. 相似文献
5.
Aditya Kumar Joshi Pallavi Pant Prasant Kumar Amarnath Giriraj Pawan Kumar Joshi 《Small-Scale Forestry》2011,10(1):83-96
For any country, the forest policy is an important guideline to maintain forest resources and their interaction with other
land uses. India devised its first National Forest Policy (NFP) back in 1894. There has been a paradigm shift from timber
production to forest conservation followed by community-based agroforestry and social forestry bringing a change in perspective
towards forest resources. This change has been socio-economic, cultural and ecological. Since the 1952 NFP, there has been
an advocacy for 33% forest cover with a 60% forest cover in mountainous and hilly regions. This objective was reiterated in
the NFP 1988 and also confirmed in the National Forestry Commission report in 2006. This paper reviews the probable reasons
for these targets. This paper also analyzes forest cover trends at state level and assesses the likelihood of meeting the
prescribed policy targets under present perspective of land use practices. Only three Indian states meet the prescribed policy,
while three more have the potential to do so, if their state wasteland area is afforested. Among the rest, a few states may
achieve the 33% goal provided land conversion to tree cover is not hindered, and adequate resources are available at state
level. The Planning Commission (XI Five-year Plan, 2007–12) has emphasized inclusion of other natural ecosystems (including
treeless areas and trees outside forests) to forest cover. The paper also examines the above prescribed targets in light of
the Planning Commission recommendations. It is argued that that the NFP should be re-visited and revised to meet the targets,
along with setting a more realistic and attainable target for Indian forest and tree cover. 相似文献
6.
7.
D. Samsampour B. Maleki Zanjani J. K. Pallavi Anupam Singh A. Charpe S. K. Gupta K. V. Prabhu 《Euphytica》2010,174(3):337-342
The recessive adult plant resistance (APR) gene Lr48 in wheat was tagged with flanking random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Markers S336775 in coupling and S3450 in repulsion with Lr48 were identified in wheat line CSP44. Tests of these markers on available Thatcher near-isogenic lines (NILs) detected the
likely presence of Lr48 in TcLr25. A test of allelism of APR involving the cross TcLr25 × CSP44 indicated that Lr48 was present in both lines. A separate experiment on inheritance of resistance in an F2 population of TcLr25 × Agra Local confirmed the presence of a dominant seedling resistance gene (Lr25) and a recessive APR gene (Lr48) in TcLr25. This study demonstrated the value of molecular markers in identifying the presence of masked genes in genetic
stocks where direct phenotyping failed to detect their presence. 相似文献
8.
Jeevula N. Bhukya Swarajyalakshmi N. Bollineni Gopalakrishna Kadambari Reddiyamini Bommisetty Eswar R. Gudikati Withanawasam M. Darsha Keerthi Issa Srividhya Akkareddy Suresh N. Eslavath Ajay K. Dokuparthi Aparna Eragam Vinodkumar N. Moode Rameshbabu Pottepalem Srilakshmi Chintala Eswarareddy P. Narrareddy Bahbhen Tanti Mandal P. Nimai Pallavi Muniraju Yeswanth V. Janaki Lakshminarayana R. Vemireddy 《Plant Breeding》2020,139(6):1076-1089
Rice production is severely constrained by the moisture stress. The present study was undertaken to transfer two important QTLs viz., (qDTY2.2 and qDTY4.1), which controls yield under moisture stress (DTY) into two elite varieties, that is, MTU1010 and NLR34449 through marker-assisted breeding. Foreground and background selections of backcross generations, that is, BC1F1, BC2F1 and BC2F2 identified several promising introgression lines (ILs) with two QTLs and single QTLs with an appreciable level of recovery of recipient parent genome. In ILs, the recovery of MTU1010 genome content was estimated to be 83%–93% while the recovery of NLR34449 was 84%–92%. The two-QTL ILs of MTU1010 and NLR34449 backgrounds (qDTY2.2 and qDTY4.1) have shown substantial yield advantage (32 to 84%) over the single-QTL ILs (either qDTY2.2 or qDTY4.1) under moisture stress conditions. Among all, two ILs, MBC-124 and NBC-127 are the best high yielding lines under moisture stress conditions. These outyielded ILs have the potential to be released as varieties in rainfed ecosystem and also can be used as donors in the existing breeding programme in rice. 相似文献
9.
Anjani Kammili Pallavi Mandalapu Bhavana Ponukumatla Durga Prasad Ruvulapalli Chunduri Sarada 《Plant Breeding》2020,139(2):368-374
Alternaria leaf spot (ALS) caused by Alternaria carthami Chowdhury can cause yield loss up to 90% in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) under severe conditions. Even though a definite source of ALS resistance is not available in cultivated species, a few of the wild species, viz. C. palaestinus and C. lantaus, are known to be tolerant to ALS. Therefore, an attempt was made to introgress Alternaria resistance from these species into cultivated species. F1-F8 generations of crosses (PI537632 × C. palaestinus), (C. palaestinus × PI537632), (“Nira” × C. palaestinus) and ([MS 6(O) × C. lanatus] × C. palaestinus) were screened against ALS. ALS infection (%) was recorded in field and quantified using Windias Leaf Image Analysis system. Detached leaf technique was used in laboratory to confirm resistance in interspecific selections. Six resistant and 29 moderately resistant interspecific lines resembling mostly cultivated species were developed. Inheritance of ALS resistance indicated involvement of multiple minor alleles having small effects on resistance. The identified resistant lines could provide potential source of resistance to ALS for safflower breeding programmes. 相似文献
10.
Plant natural products including alkaloids,polyphenols,terpenoids and flavonoids have been reported to exert anticancer activity by targeting various metabolic pathways.The biological pathways regulated by plant products can serve as novel drug targets.Plant natural compounds or their derivatives used for cancer treatment and some novel plant-based compounds which are used in clinical trials were discussed.Callus suspension culture with secondary metabolites can provide a continuous source of plant pharmaceuticals without time and space limitations.Previous research has shown that rice callus suspension culture can kill>95%cancer cells with no significant effect on the growth of normal cells.The role of candidate genes and metabolites which are likely to be involved in the process and their potential to serve as anticancer and anti-inflammatory agents were discussed.Large scale production of plant callus suspension culture and its constituents can be achieved using elicitors which enhance specific secondary metabolites combined with bioprocess technology. 相似文献