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1.
Chemical restraint of peccaries with tiletamine/zolazepam and xylazine or tiletamine/zolazepam and butorphanol 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Selmi AL Mendes GM Figueiredo JP Guimarães FB Selmi GR Bernal FE McMannus C Paludo GR 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2003,30(1):24-29
Objective To evaluate the use of a combination of tiletamine/zolazepam and xylazine (TZX) in collared and white‐lipped peccaries and to compare its efficacy as an anesthetic technique with that of tiletamine/zolazepam and butorphanol (TZB). Study design Prospective experimental trial. Animals Seven white‐lipped peccaries (Tayassu pecari) (four females and three males) and four collared peccaries (Tayasu tajacu) (two males and two females). Methods Animal immobilization was attempted with TZX and TZB (IM) on two different occasions. Heart and respiratory rates (HR, RR), rectal temperature (RT), sedation, muscle relaxation, posture, auditory response and analgesia were evaluated every 15 minutes during immobilization. Induction, anesthesia, standing and walking time were determined after drug administration. Results Doses for white‐lipped peccaries were 1.23 ± 0.26 mg kg?1 (mean ± SD) of TZ and 1.23 ± 0.26 mg kg?1 of X, and 1.46 ± 0.09 mg kg?1 of TZ and 0.14 ± 0.008 mg kg?1 of B; doses for collared peccaries were 1.51 ± 0.29 mg kg?1 of TZ and 1.51 ± 0.29 mg kg?1 of X and 1.68 ± 0.02 mg kg?1 of TZ and 0.17 ± 0.002 mg kg?1 of B. In white‐lipped peccaries, both drug combinations provided a smooth induction and good immobilization for more than an hour. Anesthesia and standing times were significantly longer in animals given TZB, whereas walking time was significantly longer in animals given TZX. A significant decrease in HR was observed with both treatments. Respiratory rate decreased significantly with TZX, but the rate remained higher than with TZB. Induction and recovery quality in white‐lipped peccaries was better with TZB than with TZX. Neither protocol provided adequate immobilization in collared peccaries. Conclusion and clinical relevance At the doses described, TZB is effective in providing a long period of immobilization, whereas TZX is adequate for short to medium immobilization in white‐lipped peccaries. Neither drug combination was effective in collared peccaries at the doses given. 相似文献
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Paludo GR Dell'Porto A de Castro e Trindade AR McManus C Friedman H 《Veterinary parasitology》2003,118(3-4):243-248
Canine hepatozoonosis is a disease caused by the tick-borne protozoan Hepatozoon spp. It has been reported in the United States, southern Europe, the Middle East, Africa and the Far East. In Brazil, canine hepatozoonosis is an emerging protozoal tick-borne disease, and is characterized by distinct clinical signs. The objective of this study was to analyze the laboratory findings of some hepatozoonosis cases in dogs in Brasília, Brazil, and their clinical signs. The animals of this experiment showed low parasitemia, similar to H. americanum, but the clinical signs presented were similar to H. canis. According to our observations and in agreement with O'Dwyer et al. [Vet. Parasitol. 94 (2001) 143], the Brazilian Hepatozoon appears more to resemble the species found in the eastern Hemisphere than with H. americanum of North America, or could be caused by a new species. Our data revealed that hepatozoonosis could be considered endemic in Brasília. 相似文献
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Paludo Michelly Cristiane de Oliveira Luciana Fontes Hermosín-Gutiérrez Isidro Ballus Cristiano Augusto Ribeiro Alessandra Braga de Oliveira Silvia Borges Pimentel Godoy Helena Teixeira 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2019,74(1):135-140
Plant Foods for Human Nutrition - Jabuticaba has a high concentration of phenolic compounds, which have a significant antioxidant capacity. Methodologies have been developed to evaluate the ability... 相似文献
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Marlos Castanheira Samuel Rezende Paiva Helder Louvandini Aline Landim Maria Clorinda Soares Fiorvanti Giane Regina Paludo Bruno Stefano Dallago Concepta McManus 《Tropical animal health and production》2010,42(2):185-191
The environment in which the horse is reared affects its ability to maintain thermal balance which is in turn related to thermal characteristics and regulatory physiological mechanisms. In this study a multivariate analysis of physiological traits in relation to heat tolerance in horses was carried out in the Federal District, Brazil. The aim was to test the ability of these analyses to separate groups of animals and determine which physiological traits are most important in the adaptation to heat stress. Forty adult horses (4 to 13 years) were used, ten from each of four different genetic groups (English thoroughbred, Brazilian showjumper, crossbred and Breton). The traits examined included heart and breathing rate, rectal temperature as well as blood parameters. The data underwent multivariate statistical analysis including cluster, discriminate and canonical using Statistical Analysis System - SAS ® procedures CLUSTER, STEPDISC, CANCORR and DISCRIM. The tree diagram showed clear distances between groups studied and canonical analysis was able to separate individuals in groups. The discriminate analysis identified the variables which were most important in separating these groups. The multivariate analysis was able to separate the animals into groups with RR, HR and RT being important in this separation. 相似文献
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Heat tolerance in naturalized Brazilian cattle breeds 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
C. McManus E. Prescott G.R. Paludo E. Bianchini H. Louvandini A.S. Mariante 《Livestock Science》2009,120(3):256
Research carried out at the Sucupira Farm of Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, in Brasilia-DF, aimed to evaluate heat tolerance in five naturalized and two exotic breeds of cattle, at different temperatures and humidity, based upon physiological and blood parameters. The data collected included heart rate (HR), rectal temperature (RT), respiratory rate (RR), and sweating rate (SR). Blood was also collected for hemogram analysis and cortisol level. The measurements were taken at 7 am and at 2 pm after the animals were exposed to the sun, with water ad libitum. This procedure was repeated for six days, three in the middle of the dry season when temperatures and humidity were lower and three at the start of the rainy season when temperatures and humidity were higher. Significant statistical differences were observed in RR and HR for day, breed and animal within breed. The analysis indicated that the Junqueira and Nellore breeds are most adapted to climatic conditions in Brasilia; while Mocho Nacional and Holstein breeds were the least adapted. Although sample size is limited, these results are important to identify which breeds are most resistant towards climatic variations observed in the Brasilia region, as well as which physiological parameters are the most indicated for use in animal breeding programs intended to select animals and breeds adapted to thermal stress conditions. 相似文献
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C. C. Dipp J. A. Marchese L. G. Woyann M. A. Bosse M. H. Roman D. R. Gobatto F. Paludo K. Fedrigo K. K. Kovali T. Finatto 《Euphytica》2017,213(5):102
Drought stress on reproductive stages constitute a major problem for common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production because it affects flowering and pod-filling processes which are highly drought-sensitive. In this study, we used a greenhouse experiment to evaluate the response to drought stress in ten highly cultivated Brazilian genotypes in response to moderate intermittent drought during flowering and pod-filling periods (R7 and R8 stages). Morphological, biochemical, physiological and agronomic traits were used to identify tolerant cultivars and elucidate their strategies to cope this stress. The drought intensity index for the experiment reached 0.63. The cultivar IAC Imperador can be defined as a tolerant cultivar, presenting the lowest grain yield reduction (43%) and a reduced drought susceptibility index (0.65). This cultivar elevated their level of proline in roots under stress, which allowed the osmotic adjustment and the maintenance of an intermediate stomata closure during the day, which maintained the intrinsic WUE stable in NS and DS conditions. In addition, this cultivar was able to mobilize the assimilated carbon for the production of pods and grains, evidenced by the high harvest index and the high grain filling index. In this way, IAC Imperador can be used as a check in breeding programs to identify and select lineages with drought tolerance in common bean. 相似文献
8.
Louvandini H Veloso CF Paludo GR Dell'Porto A Gennari SM McManus CM 《Veterinary parasitology》2006,137(1-2):103-111
Thirty, 4-month-old entire Santa Ines lambs were grazed on an Andropogon gayanus pasture, during a 34-week period (rainy season weeks 0-20 and dry season weeks 21-34) and allocated in two treatment groups (n = 15) each with different protein supplementation: high protein (HP-19% CP) and low protein (LP-11% CP). These were subdivided into those receiving anthelmintic treatment (c) (n = 7) and without anthelmintic treatment (i) (n = 8). The objective was to evaluate the effects of supplementation with protein on resistance and resilience to natural helminth infection of hair breed lambs. Lamb weight, blood collection and faecal egg counts (FEC) were carried out monthly. The lambs were slaughtered after 34 weeks, when worm burdens, worm length and eosinophil cell counts were taken. The sheep on treatments HPc and HPi were heavier in live weight than those from LPi and LPc (P < 0.05) at the end of the rainy period. The HPc group finished heavier (P < 0.05) than the other groups in the dry season, which had no significant differences between them. The predominant species of nematode found was T. colubriformis followed by H. contortus, Trichuris globulosa and Moniezia expansa. Animals on HPi had lower FEC than LPi (P < 0.05). The number of worms was lower for both HP groups (P < 0.05) with worm length shorter in the HPc group (P < 0.05) compared with all other groups. The number of eosinophils was higher in animals in the LPi group, which also showed anaemia and lower plasma urea at the end of the dry season. Diet supplementation with high protein was able to improve resilience and resistance to natural infection by endoparasites during the rainy season. In the dry season there was a decrease in both of these traits, which were intimately linked to the quality of available forage under tropical conditions. 相似文献
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L. Seixas C. B. de Melo A. M. Menezes A. F. Ramos G. R. Paludo V. Peripolli C. B. Tanure J. B. G. Costa Junior C. McManus 《Tropical animal health and production》2017,49(5):975-982
The ability to predict the effects of climatic factors on animals and their adaptability is important for livestock production. The aim of the present study was to analyze whether existing indices are suitable for evaluating heat stress in Santa Ines and Morada Nova sheep, which are locally adapted hair sheep breeds from northeastern Brazil, and if the limits used to classify thermal stress are suitable for these breeds. Therefore, climatic, physiological, and physical parameters, as well as thermographic images, were collected in 26 sheep, 1 1/2 years old, from two genetic groups (Santa Ines 12 males and 4 females; Morada Nov. 7 males and 3 females) for 3 days in both morning (4:00 a.m.) and afternoon (2:00 p.m.) with six repetitions, totalizing 156 repetitions. Statistical analysis included correlations and broken-line regressions. Iberia and Benezra indices were the tolerance tests that best correlated with the assessed parameters. High correlations between environmental indices and rectal or skin surface temperatures was observed, which indicates that these indices can be used for Santa Ines and Morada Nova sheep raised in central Brazil. However, some indicative values of thermal discomfort are different from the existing classification. Therefore, in order to classify appropriately, the model used needs to be carefully studied, because these classifying values can vary according to the species and model. Further research is necessary to establish indicators of thermal stress for sheep breeds raised in the region. 相似文献
10.
Absence of Sperm Factors as in the Parthenogenesis Does Not Interfere on Bovine Embryo Sensitiveness to Heat Shock at Pre‐Implantation Stage 
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下载免费PDF全文 LSA Camargo F Paludo MM Pereira S Wohlres‐Viana MM Gioso BC Carvalho CCR Quintao JHM Viana 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2016,51(1):3-9
Oocyte has been considered the major contributor for embryo thermo‐tolerance. However, it was shown that sperm factors can be transferred to the oocyte during fertilization, raising the question of whether the absence of such factors could interfere on embryo thermo‐tolerance. In this study, we used parthenogenesis to generate bovine embryos without spermatozoa in order to test whether the absence of sperm factors could influence their thermo‐sensitiveness at early stages. In vitro fertilized (IVF) and parthenogenetic (PA) embryos at 44 h post‐insemination/chemical activation were exposed to 38.5°C (control) or 41°C (heat shock) for 12 h and then developed for 48 h and up to blastocyst stage. Apoptosis index and expression of PRDX1, GLUT1, GLUT5 and IGF1r genes in blastocysts derived from heat‐shocked embryos were also evaluated. The heat shock decreased the blastocyst rate at day seven (p < 0.05) for IVF embryos and at day eight (p < 0.01) for both IVF and PA embryos. Total cell number was not affected by heat shock in IVF and PA blastocysts, but there was an increased proportion (p < 0.05) of apoptotic cells in heat‐shocked embryos when compared to controls. There was no interaction (p > 0.05) between method of activation (IVF and PA) and temperature (38.5°C or 41.5°C) for all developmental parameters evaluated. Expression of GLUT1 gene was downregulated (p < 0.05) by heat shock in both IVF and PA blastocyst whereas expression of GLUT5 and IGF1r genes was downregulated (p < 0.05) by heat shock in PA blastocysts. Those data show that the heat shock affects negatively the embryo development towards blastocysts stage, increases the apoptotic index and disturbed the expression of some genes in both IVF and PA embryos, indicating that the presence or absence of sperm factors does not influence the sensitivity of the bovine embryo to heat shock. 相似文献