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S. Adhikary 《Journal of pest science》1967,40(12):177-182
Zusammenfassung In Versuchen zur Bekämpfung der in Gewächshäusern verbreiteten SchmierlausP. maritimus und der NapfschildlausC. hesperidum mit systemischen Insektiziden wurde festgestellt, daß durch Gießen bessere Ergebnisse erzielt werden als durch Bandagieren oder Spritzen. Rogor 40 erwies sich in 0,1- und 0,05%igen Konzentrationen durchweg als wirksamer als das Versuchspräparat B 5122 (Karbamat). Das zuletzt genannte Mittel bewirkte in den genannten Konzentrationen oft phytotoxische Erscheinungen. Mit Metasystox (i) bzw. Dimecron konnte nur ein geringer Erfolg bzw. keine Wirkung erzielt werden. Die Mortalität vonC. hesperidum an Papayapflanzen nach Gieß en mit Insektiziden erwies sich auf Blattspreiten am höchsten, am Sproß als geringer und am Blattstiel am geringsten. Durch Behandlung einer faserigen Pflanzenart wie Papaya mit systemischen Insektiziden wurde eine bessere Wirkung gegenC. hesperidum erzielt als an einer verholzten wie Zitrus und krautigen wie Rübe.
Summary In experiments to control the mealybugP. maritimus and the soft scaleC. hesperidum by the use of systemic insecticides it was found that better results can be obtained by pouring the solution (soil treatment) than by bandaging (trunk application) or by spraying (foliar application). Rogor 40 proved at 0.1- and 0.05% concentrations to be generally more effective than the carbamate B 5122. The latter caused in given concentrations often phytotoxic symptoms. Only a moderate or no success could be achieved by the use of Metasystox (i) and Dimecron respectively. The mortality ofC. hesperidum which resulted after pouring the papaya plants with insecticides was maximum on leaves, lesser than that on stems and the least on leaf petioles. The effect of systemic insecticides againstC. hesperidum seems to be better on a fibrous plant type (papaya) than on a woody type (citrus) or lastly on a harbaceous (beet) plant.相似文献
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Partho Pratim Debnath Nguyen Dinh-Hung Suwimon Taengphu Vuong Viet Nguyen Jerome Delamare-Deboutteville Saengchan Senapin Chadag Vishnumurthy Mohan Ha Thanh Dong Channarong Rodkhum 《Journal of fish diseases》2022,45(1):77-87
Sixteen countries, including Bangladesh, have reported the presence of tilapia lake virus (TiLV), an emerging tilapia pathogen. Fish polyculture is a common farming practice in Bangladesh. Some unusual mortalities reported in species co-cultivated with TiLV-infected tilapia led us to investigate whether any of the co-cultivated species would also test positive for TiLV and whether they were susceptible to TiLV infection under controlled laboratory experiments. Using 183 samples obtained from 15 farms in six districts across Bangladesh, we determined that 20% of the farms tested positive for TiLV in tilapia, while 15 co-cultivated fish species and seven other invertebrates (e.g. insects and crustaceans) considered potential carriers all tested negative. Of the six representative fish species experimentally infected with TiLV, only Nile tilapia showed the typical clinical signs of the disease, with 70% mortality within 12 days. By contrast, four carp species and one catfish species challenged with TiLV showed no signs of TiLV infection. Challenged tilapia were confirmed as TiLV-positive by RT-qPCR, while challenged carp and walking catfish all tested negative. Overall, our field and laboratory findings indicate that species used in polycultures are not susceptible to TiLV. Although current evidence suggests that TiLV is likely host-specific to tilapia, targeted surveillance for TiLV in other fish species in polyculture systems should continue, in order to prepare for a possible future scenario where TiLV mutates and/or adapts to new host(s). 相似文献
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Esakky Ramachandran Suchit Ashish John Gerard Abraham Partha Sarathi Bhattacharya 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2011,14(4):275-279
The PTM3 (MADS-box) gene characterized from flower of Aspen was ectopically expressed in cotton and was found to result in desirable
agronomic traits. Among several transgenic lines, the PTM3 cotton event-10 was found to flower significantly earlier than
the control and yield better [Ramachandran et al. (2011)]. We report our findings on performance based on greenhouse evaluation
and inheritance of PTM3 cotton event-10. The T1 progeny of event-10 were grown in pots under RBD design. The progeny were confirmed by kanamycin imbibition test, PCR, and
GUS assay which showed the segregation of transgene at about 3:1 ratio. GUS assay was performed with pollen from all transgenic
plants; plants that expressed gus in all pollen versus those that showed segregation for expression were found to be at a
ratio of 1:2. Similar to observations made in the T0 generation of event-10, the agronomic evaluation of T1 progeny exhibited, on an average, earliness of 13 days in flowering, 13.5 days in crop maturity, and 22% of yield enhancement.
The T2 progeny of homozygous lines were grown on field soil in the greenhouse under strip trial design to see the effect as observed
from potted plants of T1 progeny. Inheritance of transgene cassette to T2 progeny was confirmed by the same tests used to analyze T1 progeny. As exhibited by T0 and T1 progenies, the T2 progeny also showed earliness of 8 days in flowering, 12 days in crop maturity, and 17% of yield enhancement. The data generated
from the progeny over two generations confirms that the PTM3 cotton event-10 is superior in agronomic characters as compared
to non-transgenic cotton and is of interest for breeding shorter duration varieties with improved yield. 相似文献
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Partho Pratim Debnath Jerome Delamare-Deboutteville Mona Dverdal Jansen Kornsunee Phiwsaiya Afsana Dalia Md. Abir Hasan Saengchan Senapin Chadag Vishnumurthy Mohan Ha Thanh Dong Channarong Rodkhum 《Journal of fish diseases》2020,43(11):1381-1389
Tilapia lake virus (TiLV) is an emerging pathogen in aquaculture, reportedly affecting farmed tilapia in 16 countries across multiple continents. Following an early warning in 2017 that TiLV might be widespread, we executed a surveillance programme on tilapia grow-out farms and hatcheries from 10 districts of Bangladesh in 2017 and 2019. Among farms experiencing unusual mortality, eight out of 11 farms tested positive for TiLV in 2017, and two out of seven tested positive in 2019. Investigation of asymptomatic broodstock collected from 16 tilapia hatcheries revealed that six hatcheries tested positive for TiLV. Representative samples subjected to histopathology confirmed pathognomonic lesions of syncytial hepatitis. We recovered three complete genomes of TiLV from infected fish, one from 2017 and two from 2019. Phylogenetic analyses based on both the concatenated coding sequences of 10 segments and only segment 1 consistently revealed that Bangladeshi TiLV isolates formed a unique cluster within Thai clade, suggesting a close genetic relation. In summary, this study revealed the circulation of TiLV in 10 farms and six hatcheries located in eight districts of Bangladesh. We recommend continuing TiLV-targeted surveillance efforts to identify contaminated sources to minimize the countrywide spread and severity of TiLV infection. 相似文献
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The present research was undertaken to explor the possibility of arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM) association with Asteraceae plants in the arid lands of Saudi Arabia(Al-Ghat, Buraydah, Thumamah and Huraymila). AM fungal colonization in the roots, spore numbers in the rhizosphere soil, fungal species diversity and correlation between AM properties and soil properties were determined. The highest colonization was in Conyza bonariensis(65%) from Al-Ghat, Anthemis cotula(52%) from Buraydah and C. bonariensis(53%) from Thumamah. The lowest was in Vernonia schimperi(41%) from Al-Ghat, Pulicaria undulata(25%) from Buraydah, Acanthospermum hispidum(34%) from Thumamah, Asteriscus graveolens(22%) and V. schimperi(22%) from Huraymila. Vesicular and arbuscular colonization were also presented in all plant species examined. The number of spores were 112–207 in Al-Ghat, 113–133 in Buraydah, 87–148 in Thumamah and 107–158 in Huraymila. Funneliformis mosseae, Glomus etunicatum, G. fasciculatum and G. aggregatum were identified. Relative frequency of AM fungal species varied widely and was irrespective of location and plant species. Diversity index varied with the rhizosphere soils of different plant species at various locations. Soil properties varied with locations and no distinct correlations were observed among the soil properties, root colonization and the number of spores. The results of the present study specified the association of AM fungi in different plants of Asteraceae and its significance in the ecological functioning of annual plants in the punitive environments of the rangelands in Saudi Arabia. 相似文献
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Black rot caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) (Pam.) is the most devastating disease of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.; 2n = 2x = 18), taking a heavy toll of the crop. In this study, a random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) derived sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers linked to the black rot resistance locus Xca1bo were developed and evaluated as a screening tool for resistance. The RAPD marker OPO-04833 and ISSR marker ISSR-11635 were identified as closely linked at 1.6 cM distance to the black rot resistance locus Xca1bo. Both the markers OPO-04833 and ISSR-11635 were cloned, sequenced and converted into SCAR markers and validated in 17 cauliflower breeding lines having different genetic backgrounds. These SCAR markers (ScOPO-04833 and ScPKPS-11635) amplified common locus and showed 100% accuracy in differentiating resistant and susceptible plants of cauliflower breeding lines. The SCAR markers ScOPO-04833 and ScPKPS-11635 are the first genetic markers found to be linked to the black rot resistance locus Xca1bo in cauliflower. These markers will be very useful in black rot resistance marker assisted breeding. 相似文献