Addition of organic and inorganic amendments to regenerate the surface structure of silty soils     

Emmanuel A. Gabioud  María C. Sasal  Marcelo G. Wilson  Mariela S. Seehaus  Natalia V. Van Opstal  Stella M. Beghetto  Ana B. Wingeyer 《Soil Use and Management》2020,36(3):449-458

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A monoclonal antibody against a canine CD45 homologue: analysis of tissue distribution, biochemical properties and in vitro immunological activity     

Aguiar PH  Barrouin-Melo SM  Franke CR  dos Santos RR  Silva TM  Mengel JO  dos-Santos WL  Pontes-de-Carvalho L 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2007,173(1):158-166

This report describes the characterisation of a monoclonal antibody (mAb), AB6, which recognises specifically a cluster of canine leukocyte surface molecules. The immunogen used for obtaining the AB6 mAb was a lysate of canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). This novel mAb belongs to the IgG2a isotype, and reacted in Western blot with four different canine leukocyte glycoproteins with apparent molecular weights of 180, 190, 205 and 220 kDa. The AB6 mAb recognised the majority of canine peripheral blood leukocytes as determined by flow cytometry (97%). It also exhibited a broad reactivity pattern against lymphoid and myeloid cells, inhibited the proliferation of mitogen-stimulated canine PBMC and did not recognise human PBMC and murine splenocytes. The biochemical properties, cell and tissue specificity, and in vitro biological activity of the AB6 mAb indicate that it recognises a canine CD45 homologue. The mAb could become a valuable diagnostic and research tool for the evaluation of immune functions in dogs.  相似文献   

Influence of pH and calcium on the growth,polysaccharide production and symbiotic association of<Emphasis Type="Italic"> Sinorhizobium meliloti</Emphasis> SEMIA 116 with alfalfa roots     

Carolina?Delavechia  Eugenio?Hampp  Adriana?Fabra  Stella?CastroEmail author 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2003,38(2):110-114

The Sinorhizobium -legume interaction is sensitive to a number of environmental factors, soil acidity being one of the most important. In the typic Hapludoll soil of the central-southern region of Córdoba (Argentine) it was found that the nodulation of alfalfa ( Medicago sativaL.) roots was impaired with a reduction in shoot dry matter under conditions of soil acidity (pH 5.5) Our results showed that the addition of lime as dolomitic limestone at a concentration of 1 t ha ^-1to acid soil caused a significant increase in the nodulation of alfalfa roots inoculated with the strain Sinorhizobium meliloti SEMIA 116 (recommended inoculum for alfalfa) in the greenhouse experiments. The success of the lime treatment may be related not only to an increase in the pH values but also to an increase in the Ca concentration, improving the growth of S. meliloti and its nodulation ability under acidic conditions. In this study, we also demonstrated an increment in the bacterial growth rate as well as in the production of exopolysaccharides and lipopolysaccharides under low pH (5.5) and a high Ca concentration (5 mM) in the culture medium.  相似文献   

Relationship between red wine grade and phenolics. 2. Tannin composition and size     

Kassara S  Kennedy JA 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(15):8409-8412

Commercial red wines ( Vitis vinifera L. cv. Shiraz) produced during the 2009 vintage underwent winemaker assessment for allocation grade soon after production. The wines were then subjected to phenolic analysis to measure wine color (total anthocyanin, SO(2) nonbleachable pigment, and wine color density) and tannins (concentration, composition, and average degree of polymerization). A positive relationship was found between wine phenolic concentration and projected bottle price. Tannin compositional analysis suggested that there was specifically a relationship between wine grade and skin-derived tannins. These results suggest that maximization of skin tannin concentration and/or proportion is related to an increase in projected wine bottle price.  相似文献   

Crocin bleaching assay (CBA) in structure-radical scavenging activity studies of selected phenolic compounds     

Ordoudi SA  Tsimidou MZ 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(25):9347-9356

The applicability of the crocin bleaching assay (CBA) to structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies of a great number (n = 39) of selected phenolic compounds was thoroughly investigated. The focus was on the activity of hydroxybenzoic, hydroxyphenylacetic, hydroxyphenylpropanoic, and hydroxycinnamic acids. Other assays [oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), lipid oxidation] were applied when necessary. Hydroxybenzoic acids were less active than the respective simple phenols. The position of the -COOH group relative to hydroxyl substituents was critical. The number and position of the -OH groups governed the order and size of activity within the subgroup of these acids. Gallic acid was the most active, being 1.6- and 3.4-fold superior to protocatechuic and syringic acids, respectively. The effect of proximity of the -COOH group to the phenyl ring was more distinct for 3,4-guaiacol acids (ferulic > dihydroferulic congruent with homovanillic > vanillic) than for 3,4-catechol ones (caffeic > protocatechuic > or = dihydrocaffeic congruent with homoprotocatechuic). Compounds such as vanillin, tyrosol, ferulic acid derivatives, rosmarinic acid, and quercetin were examined to reinforce discussion on the basis of physical organic chemistry principles. Taking into account the acidity of most compounds, the CBA-derived order of activity was meaningful.  相似文献   

A standardized cytological and immunochemical method for the analysis of fine-needle spleen aspirates: assessment of leukocyte population changes in canine visceral leishmaniosis     

Barrouin-Melo SM  Larangeira DF  Santos SO  Chagas-Júnior AD  Paixão M  Aguiar PH  dos-Santos WL  Pontes-de-Carvalho L 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2006,111(3-4):251-261

A method for the evaluation of splenic cellularity using samples collected by fine-needle aspirative biopsy was standardized in this work. The procedure includes erythrocyte lysing, preparation of cytospin films and staining by histochemical and immunocytochemical techniques. The cellular profiles of spleen preparations were compared with those observed in peripheral blood samples subjected to the same procedure. Two groups were compared, one consisting of 14 healthy uninfected and the other of 15 polysymptomatic Leishmania chagasi/infantum-infected dogs, from an endemic area for visceral leishmaniosis. Cell populations were identified by conventional hematoxilin-eosin and Wright' stainings, and by immunocytochemistry using monoclonal antibodies against canine CD45RA and CD45RB, phagocytes and a pan-leukocyte antigen. Larger neutrophil (P < 0.0001) and monocyte/macrophage (P = 0.0036) relative counts and lower lymphocyte relative counts (P < 0.0001) were found in the spleen, and not in the blood, of the animals with leishmaniosis than in those of the healthy animals. The proportions of CD45RB+ cells were higher, and of CD45RA+ cells were lower, both in the spleen and in the blood of animals with leishmaniosis than in those of healthy dogs (P < 0.05). Additionally, hematoxilin-eosin-stained cytospins of spleen aspirates from Leishmania-infected animals permitted the easy visualization of amastigote forms inside phagocytes, under light microscopy.  相似文献   

The influence of gender and group membership on food safety: the case of meat sellers in Bodija market, Ibadan, Nigeria     

D Grace  J Olowoye  M Dipeolu  S Odebode  T Randolph 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,44(Z1):53-59

We describe a study to assess the bacteriological quality and safety of meat in Bodija market in Ibadan and to investigate the influence of gender and group membership on food safety. Mixed methods were used to gather information on meat safety and related socioeconomic factors. These methods included a participatory urban appraisal, focus group discussions with eight butchers' associations, in depth discussions with six key informants, a questionnaire study of 269 meat sellers and a cross-sectional survey of meat quality (200 samples from ten associations). We found that slaughter, processing and sale of beef meat take place under unhygienic conditions. The activities involve both men and women, with some task differentiation by gender. Meat sold by association members is of unacceptable quality. However, some groups have consistently better quality meat and this is positively correlated with the proportion of women members. Women also have significantly better food safety practice than men, though there was no significant difference in their knowledge of and attitude towards food safety. Most meat sellers (85?%) reported being ill in the last 2?weeks and 47?% reported experiencing gastrointestinal illness. Eating beef, eating chicken, eating offal, consuming one's own products and belonging to a group with poor quality of meat were all strong and significant predictors of self-reported gastrointestinal illness. We include that gender and group membership influence meat quality and self-reported gastrointestinal illness and that butchers' associations are promising entry points for interventions to improve food safety.  相似文献   

Evaluating a group-based intervention to improve the safety of meat in Bodija Market,Ibadan, Nigeria     

Grace  Delia  Dipeolu  Morenike  Olawoye  Janice  Ojo  Ernest  Odebode  Stella  Agbaje  Michael  Akindana  Gabriel  Randolph  Thomas 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,44(1):61-66

We evaluated a group-based, participatory training intervention to improve food safety among meat processors and retailers in Bodija Market, Ibadan, Nigeria. An interactive training workshop was held for Butchers Associations’ representatives who were selected to pass on information and training to their group. Meat hygiene knowledge, attitude and practice was assessed before attending the workshop and afterwards (n = 63). It was also assessed for those who did not attend the workshop (n = 68) but were intended recipients of training through their association. Microbiological quality of meat was assessed before and after the workshop (n = 400 samples). After the workshop, participants significantly improved knowledge, attitude and practice in key food safety aspects; specifically, understanding sources of contamination and food-borne diseases, use of bleach and disinfectant and hand washing. Participants also shared information with an average of 18 other group members and improvements were seen in group members who did not attend the workshop but received training through their Butchers Association. Microbiological quality of meat sold also significantly improved after the intervention. In conclusion, participatory, group-based methods targeted at meat processors and retailers can improve meat hygiene knowledge, attitude and practice as well as the microbiological quality and hence safety of meat.

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Insights into the Effect of a Natural Arsenate Dose on Growth, Nodulation and Redox Metabolism of Soybean Plants     

Eliana BIANUCCI  Ana FURLAN  Luis E. HERN&#;NDEZ  Stella CASTRO 《土壤圈》2019,29(4):527-533

<正>Dear Editor,Arsenic(As) is a harmful metalloid that occurs in soil and water; its concentration varies considerably among geographic regions, with groundwater being the principal source of human contamination(Smedley and Kinniburgh, 2002). Besides the direct contamination effect of drinking water that contains high As concentration, human poisoning may also occur after inges-  相似文献   

Multi-level approach for the analysis of water effects in corn flakes     

Farroni AE  Matiacevich SB  Guerrero S  Alzamora S  Del Pilar Buera M 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(15):6447-6453

The purpose of this work was to analyze the effect of water on thermal transitions, mechanical properties, and molecular mobility in corn flakes (CF), and their relationships. Commercial common (CCF) and sugar-frosted (SCF) corn flakes were studied in a water content (wc) range from 5 to 20 (% dry basis). The slope of (1)H NMR spin-spin relaxation time T 2* (determined by FID) versus temperature plot changed close to T g. Compression force showed a maximum at wc of ca. 12 and 16% (db) for SCF and CCF, respectively. (1)H NMR complemented DSC data in determining the temperature dependence of water and solid mobility, in order to assess quality of laminated corn products. The results of the present work indicate that while the compression force showed a maximum value as a function of water content, T g values determined by DSC or by spin-spin relaxation decreased progressively with increasing water content.  相似文献