Status of the genetic diversity and population structure of the Pêga donkey     

Mário Luiz Santana Jr.  Annaiza Braga Bignardi 《Tropical animal health and production》2015,47(8):1573-1580

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Vegetation restoration is associated with increasing forest width     

Londe  Vinícius  Messias  Maria Cristina Teixeira Braga  de Sousa  Hildeberto Caldas 《New Forests》2021,52(1):129-144

New Forests - Monitoring and assessment reveal important information about restoration areas and can also be useful for understanding ecological processes such as succession and species-area...  相似文献   

Short-term baths with essential oils of Lippia sidoides,Ocimum gratissimum and Zingiber officinale influence blood parameters and survival of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) after infection with Aeromonas hydrophila     

Patrícia Castro Monteiro  Maria Inês Braga de Oliveira  Franmir Rodrigues Brando  Caio Francisco Santana Farias  Cludia Majolo  Francisco Clio Maia Chaves  Humberto Ribeiro Bizzo  Fernanda Loureiro de Almeida O&#x;Sullivan  Maurício Latera Martins  Edsandra Campos Chagas 《Aquaculture Research》2022,53(1):265-275

This study evaluated the effect of short-term baths with the essential oils (EOs) of Lippia sidoides, Ocimum gratissimum and Zingiber officinale on the survival, haematological, biochemical and histopathological parameters of native fish tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum), challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. After challenge, the fish infected with A. hydrophila received therapeutic baths of 60 min, for five consecutive days. Treatments were as follows: challenged and not treated; challenged and treated with 10 mg L^?1 of gentamicin; challenged and treated with EO of L. sidoides (2.5 and 5.0 mg L^?1); challenged and treated with EO of O. gratissimum (5.0 and 10.0 mg L^?1); challenged and treated with Z. officinale EO (5.0 and 10.0 mg L^?1). The highest survival rates were 89.5% (fish treated with 5.0 mg L^?1 of O. gratissimum EO) and 75.0% (fish treated with 5.0 mg L^?1 of L. sidoides EO). Reductions in the haematocrit percentage, haemoglobin and erythrocyte number were observed in fish treated with L. sidoides and Z. officinale EOs compared with control fish. Mild to moderate damage to the liver tissue of fish after challenge and EO treatments were observed. It is suggested that baths containing O. gratissimum and L. sidoides EOs consist in a viable treatment to increase survival rates of C. macropomum infected with A. hydrophila.  相似文献   

Evaluation of the effectiveness of Duddingtonia flagrans and Monacrosporium thaumasium in the biological control of gastrointestinal nematodes in female bovines bred in the semiarid region     

Manoel Eduardo da Silva  Fabio Ribeiro Braga  Luana Alcântara Borges  Jair Mendes de Oliveira  Walter dos Santos Lima  Marcos Pezzi Guimarães  Jackson Victor de Araújo 《Veterinary research communications》2014,38(2):101-106

Brazil has a herd of 212 million cattle and 171 million hectares of pastures that produce approximately 96 % of Brazilian beef. The Brazilian production system enables animal infection by endoparasites, which are considered one of the main obstacles for the development of this industry and are responsible for considerable economic losses. The control of parasitic diseases is performed via the administration of antiparasitic drugs, but they leave residues of the products in the treated animal, affect non-target organisms and select resistant strains of the parasites. The species D. flagrans and M. thaumasium are promising and sustainable alternatives for controlling gastrointestinal helminths of ruminants and other herbivores. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of isolates of these species, formulated in a sodium alginate matrix and administered twice a week, to reduce the number of environmental infective larvae of gastrointestinal nematodes that affect prepubescent zebu females. The treated animals presented fewer eggs and a lower number of infective larvae per gram of faeces (p?<?0.05). The pastures occupied by treated animals showed a statistically significant reduction (p?<?0.05) of the number of L₃ and, furthermore, the genera Cooperia sp., Haemonchus sp., and Oesophagostomum sp. were the most prevalent. The average weight of the animals did not differ statistically (p?>?0.05) among the treated and control groups. The use of sodium alginate pellets as vehicle for delivery of the fungus mycelia D. flagrans (isolate AC001) and M. thaumasium (isolate NF34A) proved effective in controlling trichostrongylids in prepubescent cows bred in the semi-arid region, with an effective reduction in the number of infective larvae in the pastures.  相似文献   

Short-term changes in nitrogen availability, gas fluxes (CO₂, NO, N₂O) and microbial biomass after tillage during pasture re-establishment in Rondônia, Brazil     

Janaina Braga do Carmo  Marisa de Cssia Piccolo  Cristiano Alberto de Andrade  Carlos Eduardo Pellegrino Cerri  Brigitte Josefine Feigl  Erclito Sousa Neto  Carlos Clemente Cerri 《Soil & Tillage Research》2007,96(1-2):250-259

Anthropogenic conversion of primary forest to pasture for cattle production is still frequent in the Amazon Basin. Practices adopted by ranchers to restore productivity to degraded pasture have the potential to alter soil N availability and N gas losses from soils. We examined short-term (35 days) effects of tillage prior to pasture re-establishment on soil N availability, CO₂, NO and N₂O fluxes and microbial biomass C and N under degraded pasture at Nova Vida ranch, Rondônia, Brazilian Amazon. We collected soil samples and measured gas fluxes in tilled and control (non tilled pasture) 12 times at equally spaced intervals during October 2001 to quantify the effect of tillage. Maximum soil NH₄⁺ and NO₃⁻ pools were 13.2 and 6.3 kg N ha⁻¹ respectively after tillage compared to 0.24 and 6.3 kg N ha⁻¹ in the control. Carbon dioxide flux ranged from 118 to 181 mg C–CO₂ m² h⁻¹ in the control (non-tilled) and from 110 to 235 mg C–CO₂ m² h⁻¹ when tilled. Microbial biomass C varied from 365 to 461 μg g⁻¹ in the control and from 248 to 535 μg g⁻¹ when tilled. The values for N₂O fluxes ranged from 1.22 to 96.9 μg N m⁻² h⁻¹ in the tilled plots with a maximum 3 days after the second tilling. Variability in NO flux in the control and when tilled was consistent with previous measures of NO emissions from pasture at Nova Vida. When tilled, the NO/N₂O ratio remained <1 after the first tilling suggesting that denitrification dominated N cycling. The effects of tilling on microbial parameters were less clear, except for a decrease in qCO₂ and an increase in microbial biomass C/N immediately after tilling. Our results suggest that restoration of degraded pastures with tillage will lead to less C matter, at least initially. Further long-term research is needed.  相似文献   

Transcranial Doppler sonographic findings in granulomatous meningoencephalitis in small breed dogs     

Cibele Figueira Carvalho  Raquel Braga Perez  Maria Cristina Chamas  Paulo Cesar Maiorka 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2012,53(8):855-859

Granulomatous meningoencephalitis (GME) is an acute, progressive, and often fatal inflammatory disease of the central nervous system, affecting mainly small and toy dog breeds. A definitive diagnosis of GME can only be achieved through histopathologic examination of samples collected after death. This retrospective study describes transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TDS) findings in dogs with confirmed clinical histopathology of GME. Eleven dogs were selected for this study. Sonographic findings in B-mode demonstrated diffuse decreased brain parenchyma echogenicity in 9 dogs, ventriculomegaly in 8 dogs, brain atrophy in 4 dogs, and hyperechoic focal lesions in 6 dogs. Color Doppler imaging revealed more obvious vessels of the arterial circle in 10 dogs. Spectral Doppler examination was performed in 10 dogs to detect the 6 major cerebral arteries of interest. The examination showed normal and high resistive index (RI) values in the outlined arteries. The TDS findings were consistent with pathology found on postmortem examination.  相似文献   

Lithothamnion muelleri Controls Inflammatory Responses,Target Organ Injury and Lethality Associated with Graft-versus-Host Disease in Mice     

Barbara M. Rezende  Priscila T. T. Bernardes  Carolina B. Resende  Rosa M. E. Arantes  Danielle G. Souza  Fern?o C. Braga  Marina G. M. Castor  Mauro M. Teixeira  Vanessa Pinho 《Marine drugs》2013,11(7):2595-2615

Lithothamnion muelleri (Hapalidiaceae) is a marine red alga, which is a member of a group of algae with anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and immunomodulatory properties. The present study evaluated the effects of treatment with Lithothamnion muelleri extract (LM) in a model of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), using a model of adoptive splenocyte transfer from C57BL/6 donors into B6D2F1 recipient mice. Mice treated with LM showed reduced clinical signs of disease and mortality when compared with untreated mice. LM-treated mice had reduced tissue injury, less bacterial translocation, and decreased levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines (interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2), chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3 (CCL3) and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5)). The polysaccharide-rich fraction derived from LM could inhibit leukocyte rolling and adhesion in intestinal venules, as assessed by intravital microscopy. LM treatment did not impair the beneficial effects of graft-versus-leukaemia (GVL). Altogether, our studies suggest that treatment with Lithothamnion muelleri has a potential therapeutic application in GVHD treatment.  相似文献   

Extracts of Peels and Seeds of Five Varieties of Brazilian Jabuticaba Present High Capacity to Deactivate Reactive Species of Oxygen and Nitrogen     

Paludo  Michelly Cristiane  de Oliveira  Luciana Fontes  Hermosín-Gutiérrez  Isidro  Ballus  Cristiano Augusto  Ribeiro  Alessandra Braga  de Oliveira  Silvia Borges Pimentel  Godoy  Helena Teixeira 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2019,74(1):135-140

Plant Foods for Human Nutrition - Jabuticaba has a high concentration of phenolic compounds, which have a significant antioxidant capacity. Methodologies have been developed to evaluate the ability...  相似文献   

Opportunities for investment into small ruminant breeding programmes in Brazil     

Raimundo Nonato Braga Lobo 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2019,136(5):313-318

The social contribution of goat and sheep industries is very important to many Brazilian families mainly in semi‐arid regions of the country. However, the productive chains of these two species in Brazil are unorganized and ultimately informal. On the other hand, there is potential for growth and development to which an upscaling of breeding programmes will be essential. Historically, many attempts to structure these programmes have been unsuccessful. Inadequate understanding of how to achieve genetic improvement often leading to distributing unsuitable exotic genetics among the producers is one of the reasons for the failure. Another important factor is related to the sources of funding and the priorities for the use of funds. According to the experience and the state of the art in Brazil, the priorities for funding must be in the characterization of the different systems and animal genetic resources, organization of information collection procedures and national databanks, training of technicians and producers and development of system to enable animal evaluation.  相似文献   

The Odd Log-Logistic Student <Emphasis Type="Italic">t</Emphasis> Distribution: Theory and Applications     

Altemir da Silva Braga  Gauss M. Cordeiro  Edwin M. M. Ortega  Giovana O. Silva 《Journal of Agricultural, Biological & Environmental Statistics》2017,22(4):615-639

The normal distribution is most used in analysis of experiments. However, it is not suitable to apply in situations where the data have evidence of bimodality or heavier tails than the normal distribution. So, we propose a new four-parameter model called the odd log-logistic Student t distribution as an alternative to the normal and Student t distributions. The new distribution can be symmetric, platykurtic, mesokurtic or leptokurtic and may be unimodal or bimodal. Its various structural properties can be determined from the linear representation of its density function. The estimation of the model parameters is performed by maximum likelihood. The proposed distribution can be used as an alternative for randomized complete block design, thus providing analysis of real data more realistic than other special regression models. We perform a sensitivity analysis to detect influential or outlying observations, and construct generated envelopes from the residuals to select appropriate models. We illustrate the importance of the proposed model by means of three real data sets in analysis of experiments carried out in different regions of Brazil.  相似文献