Mud crab,Scylla tranquebarica (Decapoda: Portunidae), a new host for the white spot syndrome virus     

Ayyaru Gopalakrishnan  Mayalagu Rajkumar  Jun Sun  Min Wang  Kesavanandha Senthil Kumar 《Aquaculture Research》2011,42(2):308-312

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Enhancement of the innate immune system and disease‐resistant activity in Cyprinus carpio by oral administration of β‐glucan and whole cell yeast     

Ayyaru Gopalakannan  Venkatesan Arul 《Aquaculture Research》2010,41(6):884-892

The effects of dietary β‐ (1,3) glucan and whole cell yeast (Sacharomyces uvarum) on the immune response and disease resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila were investigated in Cyprinus carpio. β‐(1,3) glucan was extracted from the yeast. Both β‐(1,3) glucan and whole yeast were incorporated into the diet at 1% level and fed to common carp C. carpio for a period of 60 days. Control and treated fish were exposed to A. hydrophila on the 30th and the 60th day of the experimental period. Dietary supplementation of glucan significantly increased the white blood cell count in fish on the 60th day (2.91±0.04 × 10⁴), and the highest nuetrophil nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) activity was also observed in glucan‐fed fish (30th day). A consistent increase in neutrophil (NBT) activity was also observed in whole cell fed fish until the end of the experiment. Similarly, β‐(1,3) glucan and whole cell yeast enhanced the serum lysozyme activity from the 15th day onwards but higher activity was reported on the 30th day in glucan and the 60th day in whole cell yeast‐fed fish. Suplementation of β‐(1,3) glucan protected the fish from A. hydrophila infection. Nearly 75–80% of the fish survived pathogen exposure (relative percentage survival). However, only 54–60% survival was observed in the whole cell‐fed fish. β‐(1,3) glucan and whole cell yeast protect the fish from pathogens by enhancing the cellular and humoral immune response in C. carpio.  相似文献   

Inhibitory activity of probiotic Enterococcus faecium MC13 against Aeromonashydrophila confers protection against hemorrhagic septicemia in common carp Cyprinuscarpio     

Ayyaru Gopalakannan  Venkatesan Arul 《Aquaculture International》2011,19(5):973-985

The present study involved the control of Aeromonas hydrophila in Cyprinus carpio by bacteria Enterococcus faecium MC13 isolated from fish Mugil cephalus intestine. Antagonistic effects were confirmed against Aeromonas hydrophila by cross-streaking and the agar spot method. Probiotic effects of the isolate were confirmed by injection and oral administration to check for nonpathogenicity to fish. All the two probiotics were orally administered to fingerlings of Cyprinus carpio for 60 days through feed. The intestinal load of bacteria and NBT assay were analyzed on 7, 15, 30, and 60th day of treatment. Experimental fish were challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila on 30 and 60th day. The neutrophil activity was higher in E. faecium MC13 fed fish on day 60 (1.525 ± 0.379 OD). In respect of relative percentage survival (RPS), the higher protection of 75 and 77.8% was observed in E. faecium MC13 fed fish on 30 and 60th day of challenge with Aeromonas hydrophila This study identified the bacterial probiont MC13 (Enterococcus faecium) effectively controlled the Aeromonas hydrophila infection in Cyprinus carpio.  相似文献