Acute Effect of Ammonia and Nitrite on Respiration of Penaeus setiferus Postlarvae under Different Oxygen Levels     

Guillermina  Alcaraz  Verónica  Espinoza  Ceclilia  Vanegas Xavier Chiappa  Carrara 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》1999,30(1):98-106

The white shrimp Penaeus setiferus is a potential species for culture in the Gulf of Mexico. It has been demonstrated that postlarval P. setiferus is a species sensitive to ammonia and nitrite. In this study, the effect of ammonia and nitrite on the oxygen consumption of Penaeus setiferus postlarvae subjected to different dissolved oxygen concentrations was investigated. Un-ionized ammonia tended to reduce the oxygen consumption of P. setiferus postlarvae. The addition of 0.4 mg/L un-ionized ammonia-N modified the response of the postlarvae to lower dissolved oxygen levels. Exposure to 0.7 mg/L un-ionized ammonia-N caused severe effects on the respiratory rate and it was lethal at low dissolved oxygen concentrations. Nitrite exposure decreased the respiratory rate of post-larvae in high dissolved oxygen concentrations, whereas postlarvae exposed to nitrite under hypoxic conditions showed higher oxygen consumption than unexposed animals. The decreases of the oxygen consumption induced by the interactive effect of ammonia or nitrite and low dissolved oxygen concentration indicate a harmful condition. The results indicate that P. setiferus postlarvae is a sensitive organism to the combined effect of un-ionized ammonia or nitrite and low dissolved oxygen concentrations.  相似文献   

Acute Toxicity of Ammonia and Nitrite to White Shrimp Penaeus setiferus Postlarvae   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Guillermina  Alcaraz Xavier  Chiappa-Carrara Verónica Espinoza    Ceclilia  Vanegas 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》1999,30(1):90-97

Penaeus setiferus postlarvae were exposed to acute levels of ammonia, nitrite, and to a mixture of both by a short-term static method, The 24h, 48-h and 72-h LC50 values for un-ionized ammonia were 1.49, 1.21 and 1.12 mg/L NH₃-N (un-ionized ammonia as nitrogen), and 11.55, 9.38 and 8.69 mg/L ammonia-N (un-ionized plus ionized ammonia as nitrogen). The 24-h, 48-h and 72-h LC50 values for nitrite were 268.06, 248.84 and 167.33 mg/L nitrite-N (nitrite as nitrogen). Nitrite was much less toxic than ammonia. The joint effect of ammonia and nitrite on the postlarvae was synergistic at 48-h exposure and antagonistic after 72 h. Postlarvae of P. setiferus may be considered as organisms sensitive to ammonia and nitrite.  相似文献