Effect of glyphosate on symbiotic N2 fixation and nickel concentration in glyphosate-resistant soybeans     

L.H.S. Zobiole  R.S. Oliveira  R.J. Kremer  J. Constantin  T. Yamada  C. Castro  F.A. Oliveira  A. Oliveira 《Applied soil ecology》2010,44(2):176-180

Decreased biological nitrogen fixation in glyphosate-resistant (GR) soybeans has been attributed directly to toxicity of glyphosate or its metabolites, to N₂-fixing microorganisms. As a strong metal chelator, glyphosate could influence symbiotic N₂ fixation by lowering the concentration of nickel (Ni) that is essential for the symbiotic microorganisms. Evaluation of different cultivars grown on different soil types at the State University of Maringá, PR, Brazil during the summer 2008 revealed, significant decreases in photosynthetic parameters (chlorophyll, photosynthetic rate, transpiration and stomatal conductance) and nickel content with glyphosate use (single or sequential application). This work demonstrated that glyphosate can influence the symbiotic N₂ fixation by lowering nickel content available to the symbiotic microorganisms.  相似文献   

Porphyric insecticides. IV: Structure-activity study of substituted phenanthrolines     

Larry J. Gut  Keywan Lee  John A. Juvik  Carole C. Rebeiz  Carl E. Bouton  Constantin A. Rebeiz 《Pest management science》1993,39(1):19-30

The porphyric-insecticide-modulating activities of 1,10-phenanthroline and eight of its analogs were investigated. The insecticidal efficacy of these compounds was closely associated with their ability to enhance the conversion of exogenous δ-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) to protoporphyrin IX (Proto). As observed for photodynamic herbicidal effects in plants, the presence of nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 10 of the macrocycle was essential for porphyric insecticidal activity. This was evidenced by the very limited activity of phenanthrene, in which positions 1 and 10 are occupied by carbon instead of nitrogen atoms. On the other hand, enhancement of Proto formation and porphyric insecticidal activity were maintained following methyl, chloro and nitro group substitution at the periphery of 1,10-phenanthroline. In contrast, Proto levels and photodynamic toxicity were reduced by hydroxy and phenyl substitution at the same positions. Benzyl substitution at the 2–3 and 8–9 positions was also inhibitory. Quantitative structure-activity calculations suggested a relationship between peripheral group substitution and physicochemical properties of the substituted compounds. Electron density changes in 1,10-phenanthroline and its analogs that appeared to be related to reduced efficacy included (a) appearance of positive charge-binding volumes at positions 4 and 7 of the 1,10-phenanthroline macrocycle, which flanks positive charge-repelling volumes, (b) a dramatic increase in superdelocalisability (i.e. electron density) over some unoccupied molecular orbitals, and (c) electronic charge at positions 1 and 10 of the macrocycle. Large increases in van der Waals volumes also exerted negative effects on insecticidal efficacy.  相似文献   

The distribution of olive fruit fly captures with McPhail traps within an olive orchard   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Ioannis?DimouEmail author  Constantin?Koutsikopoulos  Aristidis?Economopoulos  Josef?Lykakis 《Phytoparasitica》2003,31(2):124-131

The spatial distribution of olive fruit flyBactrocera (Dacus) oleae (Gmelin) (Diptera: Tephritidae) field captures with McPhail traps within an experimental orchard was evaluated. Contour maps were constructed to examine the patterns in the 3-year trapping data. Captures varied widely inside the olive orchard, with traps suspended on wild olive trees exhibiting the poorest performance. Favorable microclimate, created by a standing water pool, appeared to be responsible for increased trap captures during the hot summer months. The positive role of the olive tree fruit load is also discussed. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Feb. 2, 2003.  相似文献   

Author Index     

Richard M. Engeman  Stephanie A. Shwiff  Henry T. Smith  Bernice Constantin 《Integrated Pest Management Reviews》2002,7(4):295-295

Authors Index

Author Index  相似文献   

Cryopreservation of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) shoot tips by encapsulation-vitrification     

Adela Halmagyi  Constantin Deliu 《Scientia Horticulturae》2007

Shoot tips excised from in vitro cultured plants of Dianthus caryophyllus L. (cv. Pallas, cv. Pink Candy and cv. Wanessa) were successfully cryopreserved using an encapsulation-vitrification method. Shoot tips (2–3 mm in length) were encapsulated in sodium alginate, precultured on liquid Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium supplemented with various sucrose concentrations (0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0 M) for 24 h or 48 h and dehydrated with the vitrification solution PVS2 (up to 4 h) at 24 °C or 0 °C prior to direct immersion in liquid nitrogen (−196 °C). A maximum of shoot regeneration from cryopreserved shoot tips was obtained with the following combinations: preculture in 0.5 M sucrose and 180 min dehydration treatment at 0 °C for cv. Pallas (60% shoot formation), or preculture in 0.75 M and 200 min dehydration at the same temperature for cv. Pink Candy (66.6% shoot formation) and cv. Wanessa (73% shoot formation).  相似文献   

über Haubarkeits= und Zwischennutzung. und deren WechselverhÄltnis in der Waldertragsregelung     

Dr. oec. publ. Constantin G. Sklawunos 《European Journal of Forest Research》1923,45(8-9):300-315

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Devauchelle M. M. Gérad und Constantin Vago 《Journal of pest science》1971,44(4):64

Ohne Zusammenfassung  相似文献   

Über Haubarkeits- und Zwischennutzung und deren Wechselverhältnis in der Waldertragsregelung     

Dr. oec. publ. Constantin G. Sklawunos 《European Journal of Forest Research》1923,45(12):451-470

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Formation of modified fatty acids and oxyphytosterols during refining of low erucic acid rapeseed oil   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Lambelet P  Grandgirard A  Gregoire S  Juaneda P  Sebedio JL  Bertoli C 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(15):4284-4290

Formation of trans fatty acids and cyclic fatty acid monomers was investigated during refining of low erucic acid rapeseed oil. The first steps of the refining process, that is, degumming, neutralization, and bleaching, hardly modified the fatty acid profile. In contrast, deodorization produced substantial quantities of trans fatty acids (>5% of total fatty acids) and small amounts of cyclic fatty acid monomers (650 mg of cyclic fatty acid monomers/kg of oil) when severe conditions (5-6 h at 250 degrees C) were used. Alpha-linolenic acid was the main precursor of cyclic fatty acid monomers. The influence of deodorization on the chemical composition of low erucic acid rapeseed oil was studied additionally. Whereas free fatty acids, peroxides, and tocopherols decreased, neither total polar compounds nor oxyphytosterols changed during deodorization. Oxyphytosterols were identified by GC-MS. Three oxyphytosterols not yet observed in oil were tentatively identified as 6beta-hydroxycampestanol, 6beta-hydroxysitostanol, and 6beta-hydroxybrassicastanol. Brassicasterol oxides were the most abundant oxyphytosterols.  相似文献   

Hyena disease in cattle: a review     

J Espinasse  A L Parodi  A Constantin  M Viso  A Laval 《The Veterinary record》1986,118(12):328-330

Hyena disease was first reported in France in 1975 and since then has been recognized in many countries. It is currently regarded as a disorder of skeletal development, mainly localised in the pelvic limbs of young cattle. Some investigators consider that it is a metabolic disease but the authors believe that it may be caused by a virus. Their hypothesis, according to which bovine virus diarrhoea-mucosal disease virus is involved, is based on epidemiological, histopathological and immunological evidence.  相似文献