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An ultrastructural study was performed on chloride cells of euryhaline R.r.Caspicus of south of Caspian Sea. The chloride
cells are distributed in the interlamellar region of filaments. They are oval to elongated form with an apical positioned
nucleus, expanded tubular system and heteromorphic mitochondria. These cells are surrounded by pavement cell and accessory
cell. A small and depressed surface formed by pavement cells is in contact with the aquatic milieu. There is also channel
system in accessory cells. One of the typical features was the important changes in microtubules and mitochondria of chloride
cells in some fishes. Swelling and rupture of cristae and degeneration of microtubules were from these changes. 相似文献
2.
This simulation study was mainly aimed to find the probable difference between sowing dates for response of four chickpea cultivars to past climate change. Firstly, the model CYRUS was recoded in QBASIC programming. Then phenology of cultivars Jam, Hashem, Arman and Beauvanij, seeded at day of year 50, 70 and 90, was evaluated during years 1961 to 2003 in Gorgan, Iran. The changes in some climatic variables were also studied. Results revealed that the solar radiation has been decreased for month December. Although the value of maximum temperature appeared to be the same across years 1961 to 2003 for all months, that of minimum temperature tended to show increasing trend for May and August. The increase in number of days with temperature higher than 35 degrees C was considerable for April and October, but negligible for other months. The warming of night temperature was significant only for May and August. It found about 34 mm per 43 years decrease in monthly rainfall for March. The rate of increase in number of days with rainfall was 0.0737 day per year for December. Nearly similar situation was found for number of days with rainfall lower than and/or equal to 10 mm. The change in number of days with rainfall higher than 10 mm and lower and/or equal to 30 mm was in decreasing manner (March, October and December). The length of time from sowing to emergence appeared to be constant across past years. The advance in flowering (R1) was true only for cultivar Jam seeded at day of year 70. The length of period from R1 to pod initiation (R3) has been diminished for sowing at day of year 70 (Jam and Arman). Only cultivar Hashem seeded at day of year 90 tended to have decreasing trend for length of period between R3 and pod filling. It found one day (per 43 years) decreases from pod yellowing to maturity for cultivar Beauvanij seeded at day of year 70. Based on these findings and on the fact that future climate change is predicted using past changes, it seems that the adaptation strategies for future, including agronomy and/or breeding programs, may be not the same for different sowing dates of chickpea. 相似文献
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This study aims to investigate the effects of dietary garlic powder (25 and 50 g kg?1 feed) supplementation for 6 weeks on lipid and protein oxidation biomarkers in various tissues as well as some blood biochemical parameters in common carp. Based on the present study results, serum malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were decreased following garlic supplementation, but the decrease was only significant (P < 0.05) in the group that received 50 g kg?1 dietary garlic compared with the control group. Moreover, garlic at 50 g kg?1 diet caused significant decrease in MDA values of liver and kidney. Additionally, the decreasing effect of garlic at 25 g kg?1 diet on MDA values was only significant in liver. Protein carbonyl contents were only decreased significantly in muscle following garlic administration at 25 g kg?1 diet. Serum aspartate aminotransferase activity decreased significantly in carp that received 25 g kg?1 dietary garlic. Moreover, alkaline phosphatase activity decreased significantly in carp fed diets containing 25 and 50 g kg?1 garlic. On the other hand, garlic supplementation had no significant effect on gamma-glutamyl transferase activity and total protein, albumin, and creatinine concentrations. The results of the present study indicate that garlic powder has potential to decrease oxidative stress to some extent by reducing lipid and protein oxidation in some tissues of common carp. 相似文献
4.
Marjan Arab Yarahmadi Shahin Shahsavani Ahmad Akhyani 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2018,49(4):478-488
Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (AMF) is a strategy in saline soils. In this study, two AMF (+AMF and –AMF), two phosphorus (P) fertilizer (+ P and –P), and three irrigation salinity (1, 4, and 8 dS m?1) treatments were studied. The highest salinity level decreased the root colonization by hyphae. Plant growth parameters including shoot dry weight, leaf surface area, and plant height were negatively affected by salinity. However, the growth parameters improved in AMF treatments. Salinity decreased the shoot P concentration and increased the shoot chlorine (Cl). The root and shoot sodium (Na) concentrations were the greatest in unfertilized and P-fertilized treatments, respectively. AMF treatment improved the root and shoot P concentration and reduced the negative effect of salinity on shoot Cl concentrations. In conclusion, the effects of AMF symbiosis on growth and tissue elements concentration depend on irrigation water salinity and P fertilization. 相似文献
5.
The effects of dietary nucleotide content on the growth performance,digestibility and immune responses of juvenile narrow clawed crayfish,Astacus leptodactylus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823 
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下载免费PDF全文 Omid Safari Davar Shahsavani Marina Paolucci Masoomeh Mehraban Sang Atash 《Aquaculture Research》2015,46(11):2685-2697
A 126‐day experiment was carried out under controlled conditions to compare the effects of five levels (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 g kg?1) of dietary nucleotide (Vannagen®) on the growth performance and biological indices of juvenile crayfish (8.25 ± 0.39 g). The protein efficiency ratio (PER, 1.69–2.17), lipid efficiency ratio (LER, 2.29–3.00), energy efficiency ratio (EER, 2.68–3.65), protein productive value (PPV, 57.01–68.95%), lipid productive value (LPV, 63.02–75.15%) and energy productive value (EPV, 68.20–88.15%) increased significantly (P < 0.05) as linear response to increased dietary nucleotide from 0.5 to 2.5 g kg?1 in the feed. With an increase in the dietary nucleotide, the uricase activity (654.29–827.63 U g?1) and lactobacillus count to total count ratio (1.21–2.17) of crayfish fed the experimental diets increased significantly (P < 0.05). Crayfish fed the diets containing different levels of nucleotide (from 0.5 to 2.5 g kg?1) had higher phenoloxidase activity (1.57–2.11 U min?1) than that of control after air exposure challenge. At the levels tested, 2 g kg?1 nucleotide in the diet was considered optimum for growth performance, digestibility and immune responses. It can be concluded that dietary nucleotide exerted positive effects on growth performance, feed utilization and accelerate crayfish immune response against air exposure challenge. 相似文献
6.
Hematological studies on fishes have assumed greater significance due to the increasing emphasis on pisciculture and greater
awareness of the pollution of natural water resources. Such studies have generally been used as an effective and sensitive
index to monitor physiological and pathological changes in fishes, especially in the management of endangered species. This
study was undertaken to establish a reference range for six important blood serum enzymes. Serum samples of 40 Acipenser stellatus (20 female and 20 male) were analyzed, and serum enzyme values were determined. The reference ranges for the total samples
and also for each sex were determined. The activities of measured enzymes in serum were: aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
265.60 ± 56.55 IU/l, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) 5.65 ± 1.18 IU/l, acid phosphatase (ACP) 15.63 ± 2.59 IU/l, lactate dehydrogenase
(LDH) 2007.15 ± 521.97 IU/l, creatine kinase (CK) 6,596.05 ± 1,807.19 IU/l, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) 69.05 ± 13.04 IU/l.
There were significant differences between male and female fish in terms of AST and CK activity (P < 0.05). These may be related to the season of sampling and changing physiological cycles during spawning during which period
the sexual hormones and stress are more obvious. However, there were no differences in the activity of ALP, ACP, LDH, and
ALT between sexes. The correlations between measured enzymes were also determined. 相似文献
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