Strong fisheries management and governance positively impact ecosystem status          下载免费PDF全文

Alida Bundy  Ratana Chuenpagdee  Jennifer L Boldt  Maria de Fatima Borges  Mohamed Lamine Camara  Marta Coll  Ibrahima Diallo  Clive Fox  Elizabeth A Fulton  Ayse Gazihan  Astrid Jarre  Didier Jouffre  Kristin M Kleisner  Ben Knight  Jason Link  Patroba P Matiku  Hicham Masski  Dimitrios K Moutopoulos  Chiara Piroddi  Tiit Raid  Ignacio Sobrino  Jorge Tam  Djiga Thiao  Maria Angeles Torres  Konstantinos Tsagarakis  Gro I van der Meeren  Yunne‐Jai Shin 《Fish and Fisheries》2017,18(3):412-439

Fisheries have had major negative impacts on marine ecosystems, and effective fisheries management and governance are needed to achieve sustainable fisheries, biodiversity conservation goals and thus good ecosystem status. To date, the IndiSeas programme (Indicators for the Seas) has focussed on assessing the ecological impacts of fishing at the ecosystem scale using ecological indicators. Here, we explore fisheries ‘Management Effectiveness’ and ‘Governance Quality’ and relate this to ecosystem health and status. We developed a dedicated expert survey, focused at the ecosystem level, with a series of questions addressing aspects of management and governance, from an ecosystem‐based perspective, using objective and evidence‐based criteria. The survey was completed by ecosystem experts (managers and scientists) and results analysed using ranking and multivariate methods. Results were further examined for selected ecosystems, using expert knowledge, to explore the overall findings in greater depth. Higher scores for ‘Management Effectiveness’ and ‘Governance Quality’ were significantly and positively related to ecosystems with better ecological status. Key factors that point to success in delivering fisheries and conservation objectives were as follows: the use of reference points for management, frequent review of stock assessments, whether Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) catches were being accounted for and addressed, and the inclusion of stakeholders. Additionally, we found that the implementation of a long‐term management plan, including economic and social dimensions of fisheries in exploited ecosystems, was a key factor in successful, sustainable fisheries management. Our results support the thesis that good ecosystem‐based management and governance, sustainable fisheries and healthy ecosystems go together.  相似文献   

A typology of fisheries management tools: using experience to catalyse greater success          下载免费PDF全文

Elizabeth R Selig  Oren Ahoobim  Freddy Arocha  Annabelle Cruz‐Trinidad  Rod Fujita  Mafaniso Hara  Laure Katz  Patrick McConney  Blake D Ratner  Lina M Saavedra‐Díaz  Anne‐Maree Schwarz  Djiga Thiao  Elin Torell  Sebastian Troëng  Sebastian Villasante 《Fish and Fisheries》2017,18(3):543-570

Fisheries provide nutrition and livelihoods for coastal populations, but many fisheries are fully or over‐exploited and we lack an approach for analysing which factors affect management tool performance. We conducted a literature review of 390 studies to assess how fisheries characteristics affected management tool performance across both small‐scale and large‐scale fisheries. We defined success as increased or maintained abundance or biomass, reductions in fishing mortality or improvements in population status. Because the literature only covered a narrow set of biological factors, we also conducted an expert elicitation to create a typology of broader fishery characteristics, enabling conditions and design considerations that affect performance. The literature suggested that the most commonly used management tool in a region was often the most successful, although the scale of success varied. Management tools were more often deemed successful when used in combination, particularly pairings of tools that controlled fishing mortality or effort with spatial management. Examples of successful combinations were the use of catch limits with quotas and limited entry, and marine protected areas with effort restrictions. The most common factors associated with inadequate biological performance were ‘structural’ issues, including poor design or implementation. The expert‐derived typologies revealed strong local leadership, high community involvement and governance capacity as common factors of success across management tool categories (i.e. input, output and technical measures), but the degree of importance varied. Our results are designed to inform selection of appropriate management tools based on empirical data and experience to increase the likelihood of successful fisheries management.  相似文献