Influences of Sex and Age on the Hematological Profile of the Jundiá (Silver Catfish) Rhamdia quelen     

Nivaldo Ferreira do Nascimento  Laura Satiko Okada Nakaghi  Cleonice Cristina Hilbig  Arlene Sobrinho Ventura  Ana Carolina Barni de Azevedo  Andressa Fierli Dean 《Journal of aquatic animal health》2016,28(3):161-165

In this study, sex and age influenced the hematological profiles of Jundiá (Silver Catfish) Rhamdia quelen. Females showed lower levels of hemoglobin, young fish increased lymphocyte counts, and older fish increased hematocrit values. These results indicate that, depending on age and sex, the fish have disparate hematological profiles. For this reason, it is important to consider the sex and age of an R. quelen when examining the impact of environmental and management factors on this species in terms of their hematological profiles.

Received May 24, 2015; accepted March 24, 2016 Published online August 2, 2016  相似文献   

Effect of salicylate stress on the hypersensitive reaction of asparagus bean to tobacco necrosis virus     

S. Pennazio  Dora Colariccio  P. Roggero  R. Lenzi 《Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology》1987,30(3)

Treatments of primary leaves of asparagus bean (Vigna sesquipedalis Fruhw.) with salicylate had different effects on resistance to local lesion development caused by tobacco necrosis virus (TNV), depending upon the concentration used for treatment. At 1 m , salicylate slightly reduced lesion size but not virus accumulation, while at 3 m it significantly decreased lesion size and virus accumulation. Treatments with 5 m solutions appreciably increased both parameters, but also damaged the leaf tissue.The hypersensitive reaction of the leaves to virus inoculation was accompanied by the accumulation of five host-coded protein bands (VS₀to VS₄). However, three (or more) days after treatment with salicylate at any concentration between 1 and 5 m only one band accumulated and this band appeared to correspond to VS₁. This finding clearly questions the role of the VS₁ protein in limiting the spread and multiplication of TNV.The leaves responded rapidly to treatment with salicylate with stomatal closure, increased K⁺ leakage and ethylene production. These responses are generally considered to be general reactions to stress. None of them however, was correlated with any of the observed changes in TNV infection.  相似文献   

Molecular evidence of Leishmania spp. in spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi) from The Tuxtlas Biosphere Reserve,Veracruz, Mexico     

Pérez-Brígido  Carlos D.  Romero-Salas  Dora  Pardío-Sedas  Violeta T.  Cruz-Romero  Anabel  González-Hernández  Milagros  Delprá-Cachulo  Joyce Mara  Ascencio  Mariano  Florin-Christensen  Mónica  Schnittger  Leonhard  Rodríguez  Anabel E. 《Veterinary research communications》2022,46(1):295-302

Veterinary Research Communications - The black-handed spider monkey (Ateles geoffroyi) is a platyrrhine primate distributed in southern Mexico, Central America, and part of South America. Two...  相似文献   

Antiadhesion and antibiofilm activities of high molecular weight coffee components against Streptococcus mutans     

Stauder M  Papetti A  Mascherpa D  Schito AM  Gazzani G  Pruzzo C  Daglia M 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2010,58(22):11662-11666

In previous studies we demonstrated that green and roasted coffee contains low molecular weight (LMW) compounds capable of inhibiting the ability of Streptococcus mutans, the major causative agent of human dental caries, to adhere to hydroxyapatite (HA) beads. This study addressed the ability of the whole high molecular weight coffee fraction (cHMW) and of its melanoidin and non-melanoidin components (GFC1-5), applied at concentrations that occur in coffee beverages, to (i) inhibit S. mutans growth; (ii) affect S. mutans sucrose-dependent adhesion to and detachment from saliva-coated HA beads (sHA); and (iii) inhibit biofilm development on microtiter plates. The results indicated that only cHMW is endowed with antimicrobial activity. The cHMW fraction and each of the five GFC components inhibited S. mutans adhesion, the strongest effect being exerted by cHMW (91%) and GFC1 (88%). S. mutans detachment from sHA was four times greater (～20%) with cHMW and the GFC1 and GFC4 melanoidins than with controls. Finally, biofilm production by S. mutans was completely abolished by cHMW and was reduced by 20% by the melanoidin components GFC2 and GFC4 and by the non-melanoidin component GFC5 compared with controls. Altogether these findings show that coffee beverage contains both LMW compounds and HMW melanoidin and non-melanoidin components with a strong ability to interfere in vitro with the S. mutans traits relevant for cariogenesis.  相似文献   

Quantification of particle uptake by conjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissue (CALT) in chickens   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

A S Fix  L H Arp 《Avian diseases》1991,35(1):174-179

Tracer particle uptake by conjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissue (CALT) was quantified in the lower eyelids of 1-, 3-, 5-, and 7-week-old broiler chickens. CALT was measured histologically by computerized image analysis in all birds and in additional 1-day-old and 16-week-old chickens not subjected to uptake assessment. Suspensions of carbon or iron oxide were placed in contact with CALT for 5, 15, or 30 minutes (contact time). After eyelid removal, tracer uptake was scored by light microscopy, CALT was measured, and a mathematically derived uptake index was evaluated statistically. At each age examined, computer-generated measurements showed a significant increase in the proportion of CALT lymphoepithelium within proximal eyelids. Within the conjunctival sites evaluated, tracer uptake was significantly greater in lymphoepithelium than in non-lymphoepithelium at all ages and at all contact times. Uptake increased significantly between 3 and 5 weeks of age and between 5 and 15 minutes of tracer contact. Based on these uptake data for CALT in chickens, a minimal age-specific maturity is suggested that may influence function in mucosal immunity.  相似文献   

Green manure production of Azolla microphylla and Sesbania rostrata and their long-term effects on rice yields and soil fertility     

W. Ventura  I. Watanabe 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》1993,15(4):241-248

Summary Azolla spp. and Sesbania spp. can be used as green manure crops for wetland rice. A long-term experiment was started in 1985 to determine the effects of organic and urea fertilizers on wetland rice yields and soil fertility. Results of 10 rice croppings are reported. Azolla sp. was grown for 1 month and then incorporated before transplanting the rice and 3–4 weeks after transplanting the rice. Sesbania rostrata was grown for 7–9 weeks and incorporated only before transplanting the rice. Sesbania sp. grew more poorly before dry season rice than before wet season rice. Aeschynomene afraspera, which was used in one dry season rice trial, produced a larger biomass than the Sesbania sp. The quantity of N produced by the Azolla sp. ranged from 70 to 110 kg N ha^-1. The Sesbania sp. produced 55–90 kg N ha^-1 in 46–62 days. Rice grain yield increases in response to the green manure were 1.8–3.9 t ha^-1, similar to or higher than that obtained in response to the application of 60 kg N ha^-1 as urea. Grain production per unit weight of absorbed N was lower in the green manure treatments than in the urea treatment. Without N fertilizer, N uptake by rice decreased as the number of rice crops increased. For similar N recoveries, Sesbania sp. required a lower N concentration than the Azolla sp. did. Continuous application of the green manure increased the organic N content in soil on a dry weight basis, but not on a area basis, because the application of green manure decreased soil bulk density. Residual effects in the grain yield and N uptake of rice after nine rice crops were found with a continuous application of green manure but not urea.  相似文献   

Fate of Azolla spp. and urea nitrogen applied to wetland rice (Oryza sativa L.)     

I. Watanabe  W. Ventura  G. Mascariña  D. L. Eskew 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》1989,8(2):102-110

Summary Using ¹⁵N, the fate of N applied to wetland rice either as Azolla or urea was studied in a field at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). In bigger plots nearby, yield response and N uptake were also determined with unlabelled N sources. Azolla microphylla was labelled by repeated application of labelled ammonium sulfate. Labelled and unlabelled N were used alternately in applications of Azolla or urea 0 and 42 days after transplanting, in order to determine the effect of the time of application on the availability of Azolla N. The quantities of Azolla N incorporated were 23% more than those of urea N (30 kg N ha^–1) in the isotope plots or 7% less in the yield response plots. Grain yield and total N uptake by the rice plants in the yield-response plots were higher in the urea-treated plots than in the Azolla-treated plots, but the physiological effect of Azolla N (grain yield response/increase in N uptake) was higher than that of rea. The labelled N balance was studied after the first and second crops of rice. Losses of labelled N after the first crop were higher from urea (30%–32%) than from Azolla (0%–11 %). Losses in N applied as a side dressing 42 days after transplanting were less than those of N applied basally. No further losses of ¹⁵N occurred after the first crop. The recovery of Azolla ¹⁵N in the first crop of rice was 39% from the basal application and 63% from the side dressing. The recovery of urea ¹⁵N was 27% from the basal application and 48% from the side dressing. Recoveries of residual N from both Azolla and urea during the second rice crop were similar. Laboratory incubation of the Azolla used and the changes in labelled exchangeable N in the soil showed that at least 65% of Azolla N (4.7% N content) was mineralized within 10 days.  相似文献   

Determination of the odor threshold concentrations of iodinated trihalomethanes in drinking water     

Cancho B  Fabrellas C  Diaz A  Ventura F  Galceran MT 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2001,49(4):1881-1884

Iodinated trihalomethanes (ITHMs) have been usually considered the disinfection byproducts suspected of causing medicinal odor episodes in treated water around the world. The odor threshold concentration (OTC) of mixed ITHMs (bromochloroiodo-, bromodiiodo-, chlorodiiodo-, dibromoiodo-, and dichloroiodomethane) which were previously synthesized -- because commercial standards are not available-- were determined by using two sensory techniques: flavor profile analysis (FPA), performed by an experienced panel trained in identifying odors and tastes in water; and gas chromatography coupled with olfactometry (GCO). FPA results gave a theoretical OTCs range from 0.1 to 8.9 microg/L and ITHMs were described as sweet, solvent, and medicinal products. The lowest experimental value (OTC(exp)) obtained from the six ITHMs, 0.03 microg/L, corresponded to iodoform.  相似文献   

Relationships between Acid Ions and Carbonaceous Fly-Ash Particles in Deposition at European Mountain Lakes   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

N.L. Rose  E. Shilland  T. Berg  K. Hanselmann  R. Harriman  K. Koinig  U. Nickus  B. Steiner Trad  E. Stuchlík  H. Thies  M. Ventura 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2001,130(1-4):1703-1708

The concentrations of major ions and spheroidal carbonaceous fly-ash particles (SCPs) in bulk deposition were determined in weekly samples from six European mountain lakes during 1997/98. SCPs are produced only from high temperature combustion of fossil-fuels and therefore provide an unambiguous indicator of atmospheric deposition from this source. Positive correlations were observed between SCPs and SO₄ ^2?, NO₃ ^? and NH₄ ⁺ at all sites except for some determinands at Jorisee (Switzerland) and Starolesnienske (Slovakia). Correlations between SCPs and SO₄ ^2? + NO₃ ^? were always more positive than for SCPs with 'total acid ions' (SO₄ ^2? + NO₃ ^? + NH₄ ⁺). This is in agreement with the expectation that the contribution to NH₄ ⁺ deposition made by fossil-fuels is negligible. Good positive correlations between SCPs and all acid anions were observed at Estany Redo (Pyrenees); lower but still positive correlations were observed for all acid ions with SCPs at Gossenköllesee (Austria), Lochnagar and Kårvatn (central Norway), whilst little trend in correlation was observed for Jorisee and Starolesnienske. It is suggested that this gradient reflects the influence of fossil-fuels on acid deposition in these areas. A high positive correlation was observed between SCP and Cl^? at Gossenkollesee possibly as a result of HCl from coal combustion.  相似文献   

The Arterial System of the Wood Mouse, Apodemus sylvaticus: The Pelvic Region     

M. J. Lopez  Fuster  J. Ventura  E. Gispert 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》1993,22(3):279-287

In this paper we describe the origin, arrangement and variations of the major pelvic arterial trunks in the wood mouse, Apodemus sylvaticus. Seventy-six specimens have been analyzed by injection of coloured latex solution through the left ventricle of the heart and subsequent dissection of the pelvic region. Measurements of the origin of the major arterial trunks have been performed taking into account the number of anterior and posterior branches arising from its origin. Only the values of the internal iliac artery and the pudendoepigastric trunk show significant differences according to the number of previous branches. In general terms, the pattern of the pelvic arteries in the wood mouse agrees with those reported to for other rodent species. Nevertheless, some differences have been detected, especially in the origin of the major arterial trunks and the constitution of the internal iliac  相似文献