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Serhat Gürel Haluk Başar Ece Keskin Mehmet Sabri Dirim 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2019,50(8):1044-1062
This study was conducted to investigate the various boron fractions in olive tree grown soils. The correlations between boron fractions in leaves, fruits and soil properties were examined. For this purpose cv “Gemlik” olive (Olea europaea L.) orchards were visited. Soil samples from 0–30 cm and 30–60 cm deep, the leaf and fruit samples were collected. The greatest proportion of total soil boron is present in residual form (85–88%). It is followed by organically bound B (2.84–4.50%), specifically adsorbed on soil colloid surfaces (0.93–1.31%), oxides (manganese oxyhydroxides, amorphous Fe and Al oxides, crystalline Fe and Al oxides) bound B (7.27–8.31%). The smallest one readily soluble (extracting plant available) boron values were composed of only 0.40–0.50% of total boron ranging. To determine readily soluble boron five different extraction solutions were in the order Hot water ? 0.01 M CaCl2 ? 1 M NH4OAc ? 0.1 M KCl ? 0.005 M DTPA. Fruit boron concentration and soil boron fractions showed close correlations than leaf boron concentration. 相似文献
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The aim of this study is to compare the performance between Water User Associations (WUAs) and cooperatives in the Gediz River
Basin in Turkey by applying a set of external comparative performance indicators. The indicators allow for the comparison
of irrigation performance between the two organisations. Benchmarking indicators were used to best evaluate the differences,
achievements and failures. The indicators included fee collection rate, cost recovery, general meeting attendance, irrigation
and personnel intensity. The data was collected over a 7-year period from 1997 to 2003, inclusive. The article clearly shows
that, with respect to the selected indicators, both WUAs and cooperatives performed well. Personnel intensity is the one area
that both organisations could improve upon. Overall, WUAs function better than cooperatives. The findings and conclusions
drawn from this research will be beneficial to managers responsible for policy-making decisions for the future attempts on
irrigation management. 相似文献
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In this study, the effect of pine mistletoe (Viscum album subsp. austriacum) on basal area increment of Crimean pine and Scots pine was investigated. Dendrochronological data were collected from 223 (71 uninfected and 152 infected) Crimean pines and 195 (77 uninfected and 118 infected) Scots pines located in Kastamonu province of Turkey in 2014. Infected sample trees were classified as light, moderate or severe infection levels. Growth trends and basal area increment loses were compared between uninfected and infected trees for the periods of the last 10, 20 and 30 years. In addition, infection status of forest stands was investigated using temporary sample plots; 27 plots in Crimean pine stands and 26 plots in Scots pine. Results demonstrated that basal area increments were negatively affected by pine mistletoe for both species. Mean basal area increment losses of infected trees for the last decade were determined as 24% for Scots pine and 26% for Crimean pine. Basal area increment losses varied by infection levels (light, moderate and severe) as follows: 25%, 20% and 28% for Scots pines and 20%, 32% and 9% for Crimean pines. Scots pine stands were more severely infected by pine mistletoe than Crimean pine stands. There were negative correlations between number of infected trees and stand density for both species, while positive correlation was detected between the number of infected trees and mean diameter for Scots pine. The results of this study indicate that the pine mistletoe infection has negative effect on radial growth of Scots pine and Crimean pine trees. The results can be an important contribution to the forest management and protection activities in mistletoe-infected stands. 相似文献
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Electropolymerization of carbazole (Cz) by cyclic voltammetry (CV) onto carbon fiber microelectrodes (CFME) (diameter ∼7 μm)
in dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) solution of 0.1 mol·dm−3 tetraethyl ammonium perchlorate (TEAP) results in the formation of polycarbazole (PCz) thin film coatings. CV results showed
that these PCz thin films have reversible redox behavior in monomer-free electrolyte solution. The resulting thin polymer
films were characterized using Fourier transform infrared attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR) and atomic
force microscopy (AFM). Results performed at optimum experimental conditions indicate that electrodes show a reversible and
stable behavior over sixty eight days of testing for dopamine in 100 μmol·dm−3 buffer solution. A detection limit for PCz thin films as low as 0.1 μM (3S/N) was obtained for the polycarbazole (PCz) thin
films formed using CV. Hence, this novel sensor can be considered as promising sensor for dopamine detection. 相似文献
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Ece Evliyaolu Orhan Tufan Eroldoan Hatice Asuman Y&#x;lmaz Münevver Aye Gen Ercüment Gen Neil Duncan Mevlüt Akta Derya Güroy 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(5):1539-1546
The white grouper is a desirable aquaculture species that adapts to captivity, grows well and commands a high market price. However, little is known about reproductive biology or control of sex reversal of this protogynous hermaphrodite. In this study, female white groupers were implanted with one dose of 17α‐methyltestosterone (10 mg/kg body weight [BW], MT) and two doses of aromatase inhibitor, fadrozole (1 and 3 mg/kg BW, FD1 and FD3) once a month for 4 months (April–July). At the start of the study, the fish had gonads full of oocytes compared to the end of the experiment when the control group mature oocytes compared to the experimental groups MT, FD1 and FD3 that exhibited different stages of testicular tissue. Plasma levels of testosterone were significantly highest in the FD3 group and the highest 11‐Ketotestosterone levels were observed in the MT group. Plasma levels of oestradiol (E2) were significantly lower in the FD implanted groups, compared to initial individuals and control groups. The use of aromatase inhibitor, FD for sex reversal both gives further insight into the mechanisms controlling sex differentiation and provides an alternative to steroid treatment. 相似文献
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The earliness is of great importance to cotton production in Mediterranean-type environments due to detrimental effects of autumn rainfall on lint quality. However, farmers commonly avoid early sowing due to risks of cold soil temperature and waterlogging after sowing in spring. Ridge-tillage system is one approach to increase soil temperature and mitigate adverse effects of waterlogging. The ridge-tillage system is also advantageous in reducing inputs in tillage operations. However, a limited experimental data are available about the effects of ridge-tillage system on earliness of harvesting, lint yield and quality of cotton in the Mediterranean-type environments. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine how ridge-tillage (RT)-planting system and intra-row spacing affect cotton lint yield, earliness and fiber quality compared with conventional tillage (CT)-planting system. Field experiments were conducted on a clay soil (Vertisol) in Hatay province (36°39′N–36°40′E, 83 m a.s.l.) in the Eastern Mediterranean Region of Turkey during 2000 and 2001. The experiment was laid out as a split-plot with three replications with tillage systems as main plots and intra-row spacings (13, 17, 21 and 25 cm) as subplots. The effects of tillage systems on lint yield and earliness were inconsistent among years. The RT-planting system resulted in 13.5% higher lint yield and 14.5% more earliness in 2001 when abundant rainfall occurred after sowing, while significant effects of tillage systems were not observed in 2000. The intra-row spacings significantly affected lint yield and earliness in both years. The earliness increased with closer spacing, while the highest lint yield was obtained from 17 cm intra-row spacing in both years. However, the fiber quality parameters were not significantly affected by tillage systems, intra-row spacings and tillage system × spacing interaction in both years. Finally, the results suggest that RT-planting system with 17 cm intra-row spacing can be used in cotton production instead of CT-planting system in the Eastern Mediterranean Region of Turkey. Ridging in 17 cm intra-row spacing also seems to be suitable to mechanical harvesting. 相似文献
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