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Kyriakos C. Prousis Stefanos Kikionis Efstathia Ioannou Silvia Morgana Marco Faimali Veronica Piazza Theodora Calogeropoulou Vassilios Roussis 《Marine drugs》2022,20(1)
Marine biofouling is an epibiotic biological process that affects almost any kind of submerged surface, causing globally significant economic problems mainly for the shipping industry and aquaculture companies, and its prevention so far has been associated with adverse environmental effects for non-target organisms. Previously, we have identified bromosphaerol (1), a brominated diterpene isolated from the red alga Sphaerococcus coronopifolius, as a promising agent with significant antifouling activity, exerting strong anti-settlement activity against larvae of Amphibalanus (Balanus) amphitrite and very low toxicity. The significant antifouling activity and low toxicity of bromosphaerol (1) motivated us to explore its chemistry, aiming to optimize its antifouling potential through the preparation of a number of analogs. Following different synthetic routes, we successfully synthesized 15 structural analogs (2–16) of bromosphaerol (1), decorated with different functional groups. The anti-settlement activity (EC50) and the degree of toxicity (LC50) of the bromosphaerol derivatives were evaluated using cyprids and nauplii of the cirriped crustacean A. amphitrite as a model organism. Derivatives 2, 4, and 6–16 showed diverse levels of antifouling activity. Among them, compounds 9 and 13 can be considered as well-performing antifoulants, exerting their activity through a non-toxic mechanism. 相似文献
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Thomas Thomidis Themis J. Michailides Efstathia Exadaktylou 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2011,131(4):661-668
Shoot blights and fruit rots comprise the most serious diseases of peaches in Greece. In this study, the importance of the
fungus Neofusicoccum parvum as a casual agent of a fruit rot and shoot blight of peach trees in Greece was investigated. This pathogen was isolated from
both immature and mature peach fruit of the cultivar “Catherine” and later on from mature fruit of the peach cultivars “Andross”,
“RedHaven”, “Sun Crest” and “Sun Cloud”. In the first year of investigation, N. parvum was found causing preharvest fruit rot and shoot blights of peach trees only at the location “Ammos-Mesi-Meliki Verias” in
the prefecture of Imathia (the main peach production area of Greece) at incidences of 30 and 8%, respectively. However, in
2006 N. parvum was isolated from more locations such as Diavatos, Veria, Kopanos and Agia Marina in the prefecture of Imathia, but only
at less than 3% of the total surveyed rotted peach fruit and blighted shoots. The pathogen overwintered as sub-epidermal pycnidia
in blighted shoots or mummified fruit that remained on peach trees. This study also showed that the optimum temperature for
mycelial growth and conidial germination of N. parvum was 25 oC. Pathogenicity tests using peach fruit showed that isolates of N. parvum and Diplodia seriata (isolated from pistachio grown in the same region) showed no significant differences in their virulence. In laboratory inoculation
tests using detached shoots from 25 peach and nectarine cultivars, N. parvum isolates obtained from rotted peaches caused different size cankers on these cultivars. The cultivar Big Top was the most
susceptible while the cultivar Maria Bianca the least susceptible. 相似文献
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Maria Mastoraki Nikolaos Vlahos Efstathia Patsea Stavros Chatzifotis Eleni Mente Efthimia Antonopoulou 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(9):3551-3562
For successful prawn aquaculture, feeds should be based on readily consumed ingredients that promote survival and optimal growth performance. This pilot study investigates the rearing of juvenile Baltic prawn Palaemon adspersus. Two feeding trials were carried out for 60 days; both incorporated insect meals, the first one in fishmeal‐based diets, whereas the second one in plant meal ones. Insect meals derived from larvae of Tenebrio molitor (TM), Hermetia illucens (HI) and Musca domestica (MD) were tested as feed ingredients. This study indicated that the inclusion of HI in fishmeal diets resulted in significantly higher growth performance and survival of the prawns, whereas the MD diet led to similarly high growth performance reducing significantly their survival. Growth performance was not affected by the insect inclusion in the plant‐based diets, but survival was higher in the TM and HI inclusion diets. The inclusion of TM and HI resulted in higher protein and energy content of the prawns’ muscle when incorporated in fishmeal and plant meal diets respectively. No significant differences were observed in the activities of hepatopancreas’ amino acid‐catabolizing enzymes. Concluding, the combinations fishmeal–HI and plant meal–TM can be used for the successful rearing of Baltic prawn. 相似文献
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Three new dolastane diterpenes (1–3) and five previously reported perhydroazulenes were isolated from the organic extracts of the brown alga Dilophus spiralis. The structure elucidation and the assignment of the relative configurations of the isolated natural products were based on extensive analyses of their spectroscopic data, whereas the absolute configuration of metabolite 2 was determined through its chemical conversion to a previously isolated compound of known configuration. 相似文献
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Thomas Thomidis Themis J. Michailides Efstathia Exadaktylou 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2011,131(2):171-178
Shoot blights are common diseases of peach trees in Greece. This study is the first report of a shoot blight and canker disease
of peach in Greece caused by the fungus Phoma glomerata (Corda) Wollenw. & Hochapfel. The pathogen caused distinct cankers with abundant gumming on shoots of peach trees. The rate
of development of P. glomerata in vitro was reduced as temperatures increased from 25°C to 30°C, decreased from 25°C to 15°C, and was totally inhibited
at 35 and 10°C. The rate of conidial germination and the germ tube elongation in vitro was reduced as temperatures increased
from 25°C to 35°C, decreased from 25°C to 10°C, and was totally inhibited at 2–4°C. Pathogenicity tests showed that 24 peach
and nectarine cultivars grown in Imathia Perfecture, Greece, were equally susceptible to P. glomerata. The fungicides thiophanate methyl, carbendazim, and tebuconazole were evaluated against the development of P. glomerata and disease symptoms. All fungicides inhibited the growth and conidial germination of P. glomereta and disease symptoms, and all 30 isolates tested were sensitive to the above fungicides. The disease caused by P. glomerata could be a threat to peach cultivation in Greece and its management should be investigated in the field. 相似文献
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Maxence Qumener Stefanos Kikionis Marilyne Fauchon Yannick Toueix Fanny Aulanier Antonios M. Makris Vassilios Roussis Efstathia Ioannou Claire Hellio 《Marine drugs》2022,20(1)
Nowadays, biofouling is responsible for enormous economic losses in the maritime sector, and its treatment with conventional antifouling paints is causing significant problems to the environment. Biomimetism and green chemistry approaches are very promising research strategies for the discovery of new antifouling compounds. This study focused on the red alga Sphaerococcus coronopifolius, which is known as a producer of bioactive secondary metabolites. Fifteen compounds, including bromosphaerol (1), were tested against key marine biofoulers (five marine bacteria and three microalgae) and two enzymes associated with the adhesion process in macroalgae and invertebrates. Each metabolite presented antifouling activity against at least one organism/enzyme. This investigation also revealed that two compounds, sphaerococcinol A (4) and 14R-hydroxy-13,14-dihydro-sphaerococcinol A (5), were the most potent compounds without toxicity towards oyster larvae used as non-target organisms. These compounds are of high potential as they are active towards key biofoulers and could be produced by a cultivable alga, a fact that is important from the green chemistry point of view. 相似文献
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