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Nanofibers definitely hold great advantage and promise in filtration as they have very high specific surface area, which ensures greater probability of capturing the particles and hence, the filtration efficiency of the nanofiber filter media is high. Electrospun nanofibers are prohibitively expensive due to extremely low production rate. With recent advances in melt blowing technology, nanofibers could be produced at production rate few orders of magnitude higher than that of conventional single syringe electrospinning and hence, quite cost effective. Influence of air pressure and die to collector distance (DCD) were studied on the number average fiber diameter for the nanofibers as well as the performance properties of the nonwoven webs, each factor at three discrete levels. The nanofibers were as fine as 260 nm. A very encouraging observation of the study is very high values of quality factor observed for nanofiber nonwoven filter media. In order to compare the filtration efficiency of different nanofiber nonwoven media samples with different basis weight, a novel term of specific filtration efficiency is proposed and was found that the specific filtration efficiency with the increase in DCD or air pressure. 相似文献
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Lakshmi Narasimha Murthy Girija Gajanan Phadke Chitradurga Obaiah Mohan Madhamuthanalli Venkataramappa Chandra Jeyakumari Annamalai Sivam Visnuvinayagam 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2017,26(8):913-928
In the present study, spray-dried pink perch meat protein hydrolysate (PPH) and hydrolysate with maltodextrin and gum arabic (PPHMG) were characterized in relation to their physical, rheological, functional, antioxidant, thermal, and sensory properties. The Herschel–Bulkley model was suitable to explain the flow behavior of PPH and PPHMG emulsions. Both the samples exhibited functional and antioxidant properties. Antioxidant activities were significantly higher for PPH compared with PPHMG (p<0.05). PPH and PPHMG alone did not exhibit antimicrobial activity but enhanced the activity of chitosan against pathogens. Sensory acceptability of the samples in soup revealed that PPHMG of up to 4% was highly scored without any traces of bitterness, whereas for PPH, a concentration of up to 3% was acceptable. 相似文献
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Hemagglutinating activity was identified in the roots and vegetative tissues of Bengal gram using rabbit erythrocytes. The activity in the roots appears to be similar to that of the seeds in respect to their sugar inhibition property. Seed and root extracts were found to have fetuin inhibitory agglutinating activity, whereas cotyledons showed different sugar specificity. However, 7-day cotyledons and roots from 3 and 7-day plants were also found to have galactose and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine inhibitory activity. Protein profile in different tissues during their developmental stages was analyzed by SDS-PAGE. A major band at 66 kDa was common to all tissues at different stages of their development except 3-day cotyledons where 2 major bands at 22 kDa and 74 kDa were observed. Two prominent bands at 74 kDa and 86 kDa were found along with 60 kDa protein in 3-day old roots whereas a major band at 33 kDa was found in 15-day old roots. Total protein content and specific activity of hemagglutinin were measured. Increase in specific activity with lower protein content was observed in cotyledons of 15-day old plant. Specific activity was eight times higher in the roots and four times more in leaf tissues of 7-day old plants in comparison to 15-day old plants. Stems also showed a significant increase of specific activity (p = 0.013) in 7-day old plants without any significant alteration in the protein content. 相似文献
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Phadke AP de la Concha-Bermejillo A Wolf AM Andersen PR Baladandayuthapani V Collisson EW 《Veterinary microbiology》2006,115(1-3):64-76
We have recently provided evidence that Texas feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV-TX) isolates are an emerging subtype sharing a common ancestry with clade B isolates. Specific, pathogen-free cats were infected, intravenously, with 500, 2000 or 8000TCID(50) of the FIV-TX53 virus to study the acute stage of infection. Infection of cats resulted in lymphadenopathy at 10 days post-infection (p.i.). By 7 weeks p.i., gag specific antibody could be detected from sera of all infected cats. Virus could be detected by culturing PBMC and by nested capsid PCR. A reduction in the absolute numbers of lymphocytes and neutrophils was observed in infected cats although there was no trend identified between this reduction and the viral dose administered. By 11 weeks p.i., the CD4(+)/CD8(+) T cell ratios from all infected cats had dropped from approximately 2 to below 1. While decrease in the ratio was dependent on the viral dose, the T cell ratios of cats receiving the highest dose had significantly dropped below 1 by 4-7 weeks p.i. This decrease in the ratio was accompanied by a sharp and temporal decline in the absolute CD4(+) T cells and a slight increase in the absolute CD8(+) T cell numbers with a dramatic expansion of cells with CD8beta(low) chain expression. 相似文献
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Rai GP Zachariah K Sharma R Phadke S Belapurkar KM 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2003,26(4):261-267
The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and predictive values of counter immunoelectrophoresis (CIE), latex agglutination (LA) and coagglutination (CoAg) tests were compared for detection of pneumococcal antigen in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients suspected of meningitis. A total of 95 CSF samples comprising 15 culture proven, 47 clinically suspected but culture negative cases of meningitis and 33 controls were screened by above tests. Among three tests, LA was found to have high sensitivity and moderately high negative predictive value than CIE and CoAg tests. However, CIE had slightly better specificity than LA and CoAg tests. Accuracywise CIE and LA tests were comparable than CoAg test. CIE and LA tests had high positive predictive value than CoAg test. 相似文献
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G. Ananthakrishnan R. Ravikumar S. Girija A. Ganapathi 《Scientia Horticulturae》2004,100(1-4):369-375
Mycorrhizal association in cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) grown in five different plantation areas of South India was investigated. The soil samples were collected from all locations. Physico-chemical properties of rhizosphere soils, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spore count and root colonization were recorded. Species isolated were Acaulospora, Gigaspora, Glomus and Scutellospora. The mycorrhizal spore density was maximum at Thanjavur and minimum at Kudumiyamalai. Root colonization percentage oscillated between 20 and 30%. The species of Glomus, G. aggregatum Schenck and Smith, G. fasciculatum (Thaxter) Gerdemann and Trappe and G. mosseae (Nicol. and Gerd.) Gerdemann and Trappe were the most abundant in the majority of the experimental sites. Hence these three species were selected and used for artificial inoculation studies. Of the three mycorrhizal fungi G. fasciculatum significantly increased shoot length, internode number, internode length, number of leaves, stem diameter, root length and root number. 相似文献
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Cherukumalli Srinivasarao Bandi Venkateswarlu Anil Kumar Singh Kanuparthy Pandu Ranga Vittal Sumanta Kundu Gajjala Ravindra Chary Ganjigunte Narayanaiyer Gajanan Basavapura Kogganur Ramachandrappa 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2012,175(5):681-688
Enrichment of soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks through sequestration of atmospheric CO2 in agricultural soils is important because of its impacts on adaptation to and mitigation of climate change while also improving crop productivity and sustainability. In a long‐term fertility experiment carried out over 27 y under semiarid climatic condition, we evaluated the impact of crop‐residue C inputs through rainfed fingermillet (Eleusine coracana [L.] Gaertn.) cropping, fertilization, and manuring on crop yield sustainability and SOC sequestration in a Alfisol soil profile up to a depth of 1 m and also derived the critical value of C inputs for maintenance of SOC. Five treatments, viz., control, farmyard manure (FYM) 10 Mg ha–1, recommended dose of NPK (50 : 50 : 25 kg N, P2O5, K2O ha–1), FYM 10 Mg ha–1 + 50% recommended dose of NPK, and FYM 10 Mg ha–1 + 100% recommended dose of NPK imposed in a randomized block design replicated four times. Application of FYM alone or together with mineral fertilizer resulted in a higher C input and consequently built up a higher C stock. After 27 y, higher profile SOC stock (85.7 Mg ha–1), C build up (35.0%), and C sequestration (15.4 Mg C ha–1) was observed with the application of 10 Mg FYM ha–1 along with recommended dose of mineral fertilizer and these were positively correlated with cumulative C input and well reflected in sustainable yield index (SYI). For sustenance of SOC level (zero change due to cropping) a minimum quantity of 1.13 Mg C is required to be added per hectare per annum as inputs. While the control lost C, the application of mineral fertilizer served to maintain the priori C stock. Thus, the application of FYM increased the C stock, an effect which was even enhanced by additional amendment of mineral fertilizer. We conclude that organic amendments contribute to C sequestration counteracting climate change and at the same time improve soil fertility in the semiarid regions of India resulting in higher and more stable yields. 相似文献
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Hakkim FL Mathiraj Essa MM Arivazhagan G Guizani N Hyuk S 《Pakistan journal of biological sciences: PJBS》2012,15(1):10-18
The present study evaluated the antioxidant (AA), antimicrobial and preservation effects of five plant derived natural products viz., Rosmarinic Acid (RA), p-Coumaric Acid (pCA), Trans-Cinnamic Acid (TCA), Hydroxyphenyllactic Acid (HPA) and Caffeic acid (CA) along with synthetic compounds (Ascorbic acid, gallic acid, citric acid and BHA) on fresh cut apple slices. Antimicrobial efficacy of these compounds against Bacillus licheniformis, Pseudomonas vulgaris, Shigella boydii, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli was found to be concentration dependent with the maximum inhibition observed at 500 microg mL(-1). A considerable AA potential of these compounds was observed in in vitro based assay system, with RA exhibiting significantly higher effect than the other compounds at 500 microg mL(-1). Furthermore the compounds at 500 microg mL(-1) significantly reduced the browning, maintained the acidic pH and restricted growth of L. monocytogenes even after 10 days of treatment. Ethanol accumulation in fresh cut apple slices increased significantly throughout the experimental period. Over all RA exhibited maximum effect in all the food preservation parameters studied suggesting that it has synchronized food protection effect and can be recommended as food additive. 相似文献