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1.
N. LA PORTA P. CAPRETTI K. KAMMIOVIRTA R. KARJALAINEN & K. KORHONEN 《Plant pathology》1997,46(5):773-784
Eighty-six Heterobasidion annosum isolates, mainly belonging to the F intersterility group and obtained from 32 different geographical localities in Italy, were subjected to genetic analysis by the Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. The similarity between F and S groups was higher than that between F and P. In UPGMA Cluster Analysis, the F isolates originating from the same locality usually grouped in the same cluster. The isolates also showed a tendency to group at the level of larger geographical areas. Within the F group, isolates from the south of the Italian peninsula showed the highest genetic variation and northern isolates from the Alpine regions showed the lowest. This indicates a gradual cline along the peninsula. The genetic variability in the Italian F group is discussed in relation to the past and present distribution of the host species in Italy and Europe. 相似文献
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Laryngeal mask airway and transient hypercapnic hyperpnea for video‐endoscopic assessment of unilateral laryngeal paralysis in dogs 下载免费PDF全文
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不同处理方法对美国截叶胡枝子种子发芽的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
截叶胡枝子(Lespedezacunecta)是原产于亚洲东部的一种多年生的豆科植物,在我国南方地区野生分布很广。它具有耐瘠、耐旱、耐酸、耐热、固土能力强、适应性广等特性,在国外也颇受重视。我国于1983年从美国引种,通过对其生物学和生态学特性、经济性状和栽培技术研究证明,引进的美国截叶胡枝子在人工栽培条件下,表现出良好的经济性状,是南方草地改良的希望种子。但是在生产中,由于其硬实的存在,使得种子的发芽率很低,往往造成出苗困难和草地建植缓慢,甚至出现严重缺苗断垄的现象,直接影响田间产量,限制了它的进一步推广应用。试验采用不同处… 相似文献
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Land-cover and structural changes in a western Norwegian cultural landscape since 1865, based on an old cadastral map and a field survey 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:4
Liv Norunn Hamre Stein Tage Domaas Ingvild Austad Knut Rydgren 《Landscape Ecology》2007,22(10):1563-1574
Many studies of land-cover and structural changes in cultural landscapes have used historical maps as a source for information
about past land-cover. All transformations of historical maps onto modern coordinate systems are however burdened with difficulties
when it comes to accuracy. We show that a detailed land survey of the present landscape may enable transformation of an old
cadastral map directly onto the present terrain with very high accuracy. The detailed resulting map enabled us to locate remnants
of semi-natural grasslands and man-made structures with continuity from 1865 and to test hypotheses about relationships between
landscape changes and landscape characteristics. The main land-cover change 1865–2002 was decrease of arable fields, and addition
of three new land-cover classes: horticultural, orchard and abandoned areas. Of the 330 man-made structures present in 1865,
only 58 remained in 2002, while 63 new structures had been built after 1865. We found that semi-natural grasslands with continuity
since 1865 were situated on ground with significantly lower production capacity than mean 1865 production capacity. The man-made
structures with continuity since 1865 were also associated with areas with significantly lower production capacity than the
1865 mean, situated in significantly steeper terrain but not further from the hamlet. Our study illustrates the potential
of digitised and accurately transformed historical cadastral maps combined with detailed field surveys for analysis of land-cover
and structural changes in the cultural landscape. 相似文献
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Atlantic halibut larvae were fed Artemia enriched with two different oil emulsions (cod liver oil and 2050TG) from first feeding to 70 days after first-feeding (dpff). Larvae fed 2050TG enriched Artemia had better growth, survival and eye migration than larvae fed the cod liver oil enriched Artemia, while pigmentation rate was similar in the two groups. In addition to the difference in fatty acids, the two emulsions differed in lipid class composition, since 2050TG is a synthetic oil and a mixture of mono-, di- and tri-acylglycerol, while cod liver oil is a tri-acylglycerol. Total lipid level, estimated as fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) was similar in the two Artemia types, but sum of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids, arachidonic acid (20:4n-6, ARA), docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3, DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3, EPA) were higher in Artemia enriched with 2050TG than in the cod liver oil enriched Artemia. However, the main difference in fatty acid composition in the larvae, was a higher DHA (% of total fatty acids) in 2050TG larvae than in cod liver oil larvae. The lipid level measured as FAME was up to four times higher in the 2050TG larvae than in the cod liver oil larvae, and the reason for this may have been a better bioavailability of the partly digested lipid in the 2050TG emulsion. The correlation between a high level of lipid in the larval tissues (e.g. high energy status) and improved eye migration in larvae fed the 2050TG enriched Artemia supports the hypothesis that energy limitation on the larval stage may be a cause of the impaired eye migration commonly observed in farmed Atlantic halibut juveniles. 相似文献
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为探究高寒草甸不同退化程度生态系统多功能性的变化,本研究综合考虑了植物物种多样性和多种生态系统功能如生产力、养分循环和固存能力、土壤涵养水分能力等,运用降维因子分析的方法计算了生态系统多功能性,综合分析了植物物种多样性与生态系统功能和多功能性间的关系。结果表明:高寒草甸退化显著降低了Margalef指数、Shannon-weiner指数、Simpson指数和Pielou指数(P<0.05),各生态系统功能趋于恶化。高寒草甸退化导致生态系统多功能性的下降,综合统计量结果为轻度退化(21.9955)>中度退化(8.7295)>重度退化(—30.7245)。植物物种多样性与生态系统多功能性之间均存在正相关关系,其中Simpson指数与生态系统多功能性指数拟合的结果最好,说明高寒草甸生态系统多功能性受植物物种多样性的制约。本研究可为青藏高原草地退化及恢复的过程和机理研究提供理论依据。 相似文献