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The presence of Salmonella spp in estuarine waters was investigated along the Patras harbor where pipes containing urban sewage terminate. Salmonellae detection was performed by a conventional culture and a DNA probe technique (Gene-Trak Salmonella assay — Gene Trak Systems, Framingham). The Gene Trak colorimetric Salmonella assay uses the ribosomal hybridization format followed by a colorimetric detection system. Salmonellae were detected in 3 out of 102 water samples (2.9%) when the culture technique was used and in 7 out of 102 samples (6.8%) when the DNA probe technique was used . All DNA probe positive samples were confirmed by culture of the pre-enrichment Gram-negative broth and biochemical tests according to the manufacturers instructions. Culture positive samples were confirmed by serological tests in the National Salmonella-Shigella Center (National Institute of Public Health). The data demonstrate that the colorimetric hybridization method and the conventional culture method are equivalent in their ability to detect Salmonellae in estuarine waters (χ2 = 0.33 < 2.43). Both methods have the disadvantage of giving false negative results. However, the Gene Trak assay saves time by lessening the response time in the case of a contamination problem. 相似文献
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Comparison of biuret and refractometry methods for the serum total proteins measurement in ruminants 
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Panagiotis-Dimitrios Katsoulos Nektarios D. Giadinis Serafeim C. Chaintoutis Chrysostomos I. Dovas Evangelos Kiossis Georgios Tsousis Vassilios Psychas Ioannis Vlemmas Theologos Papadopoulos Orestis Papadopoulos Stéphan Zientara Harilaos Karatzias Constantinos Boscos 《Tropical animal health and production》2016,48(3):469-477
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Kalaitzakis E Roubies N Panousis N Pourliotis K Kaldrymidou E Karatzias H 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2006,229(9):1463-1471
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate postsurgical outcome in dairy cows with left-displaced abomasum (LDA) with regard to severity of fatty liver and assess the usefulness of preoperative determination of serum ornithine carbamoyl transferase (OCT) activity, bile acids concentration, and other variables for evaluating liver function during the postsurgical convalescence period. DESIGN: Prospective study. ANIMALS: 68 Holstein cows. PROCEDURES: Blood and liver biopsy specimens were obtained during standing LDA surgery. Liver tissue was examined histologically and classified by severity of fatty change. Serum activities of liver-derived enzymes and concentrations of total lipids, triglycerides, bile acids, glucose, beta-hydroxybutyric acid, bilirubin, and nonesterified fatty acids were determined. RESULTS: Most cows with LDA and cows with severe fatty liver were detected within the first month after calving. Postsurgical outcome was related to severity of fatty liver. All cows that died had severe fatty liver. Serum activities of OCT, aspartate aminotransferase, and glutamate dehydrogenase and serum total bilirubin concentration were sensitive indicators of fatty liver. Serum bile acids concentration was not an accurate indicator of fatty liver. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Postsurgical outcome of cows undergoing surgery to correct LDA was related to fatty liver severity. Assessment of serum activities of OCT, aspartate aminotransferase, and glutamate dehydrogenase and serum total bilirubin concentration is recommended for diagnosis of fatty liver in dairy cows with LDA, whereas determination of bile acids concentration is not. The strong correlation between OCT activity and degree of hepatocellular damage supports use of this enzyme for assessing severity of fatty liver and predicting postsurgical outcome in cows with LDA. 相似文献
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Kalaitzakis E Roubies N Panousis N Pourliotis K Kaldrymidou E Karatzias H 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2007,21(4):835-845
BACKGROUND: Fatty change of the liver (FCL) is very common in dairy cattle periparturiently. Many laboratory methods have been implicated in order to assist the diagnosis. HYPOTHESIS: To investigate whether FCL in dairy cattle could be evaluated by assessment of ornithine carbamoyl transferase (OCT) by means of an assay modified for bovine serum, other enzyme activity, serum bile acids (SBA) concentration, or other biochemical constituents. ANIMALS: A total of 187 dairy cattle were included: 106 were suspected to have liver dysfunction and were examined after referral by veterinarians; 70 were clinically healthy with mild FCL; and 11 were clinically healthy without FCL. METHODS: Blood and liver biopsy samples were obtained after clinical examination. Histologic examination by light microscopy and classification of samples according to the severity of FCL was done, and total lipid and triglyceride concentration was measured. In serum, OCT, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and gamma-glutamyltransferase (gamma-GT) activity as well as SBA, glucose, ketones, total bilirubin (tBIL), and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) concentration were measured. RESULTS: OCT and AST activity and tBIL concentration correlate well with the degree of FCL. SBA concentration does not contribute well to FCL diagnosis. The majority of FCL cases appeared within the first 21 days-in-milk (DIM). The majority of moderate-to-severe and severe FCL cases arose in the first 7 DIM. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Except for OCT, AST, and tBIL, none of the biochemical tests used, including SBA, had sufficient discriminatory power to differentiate reliably between mild and severe FCL because of poor sensitivity. A weak correlation between clinical signs and the extent of FCL was evident. 相似文献
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Katsoulos PD Roubies N Panousis N Arsenos G Christaki E Karatzias H 《American journal of veterinary research》2005,66(12):2081-2085
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether dietary supplementation with clinoptilolite affects the incidence of parturient paresis and serum concentrations of total calcium (tCa), inorganic phosphorus (PO(4) (2)), magnesium (Mg2+), potassium (K+), and sodium (Na+) in dairy cattle. ANIMALS: 52 dairy cows. Procedure-Cows were placed into 3 groups. The first 2 groups (group A [n = 17] and group B [17]) were offered a concentrate supplemented with 1.25% and 2.5% clinoptilolite, respectively. The third (group C [n = 18]) served as a control and was offered the concentrate alone. The experiment started 1 month before parturition and lasted until the beginning of the next nonlactating period. Around the time of calving, all cows were monitored for the development of parturient paresis. Blood samples were taken at the commencement of the experiment, on the day of calving, and thereafter at monthly intervals to measure serum tCa, PO(4) (2), Mg2+, K+, and Na+ concentrations. Results-The incidence of parturient paresis in group B cows was significantly lower, compared with group C cows. However, serum concentrations of tCa, P(O4) (2), Mg2+, K+, and Na+ were not significantly affected by long-term supplementation with clinoptilolite. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In the context of this experiment, clinoptilolite supplementation at 2.5% appeared to have reduced the incidence of parturient paresis in dairy cows, suggesting that its effectiveness depends on the amount incorporated in the ration of cows. Addition of clinoptilolite in the concentrate of dairy cows during the nonlactating period could be used as a cost-effective preventive treatment for parturient paresis. 相似文献
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Nektarios D. Giadinis Shawkat Q. Lafi Evi Ioannidou Elias Papadopoulos Konstantinos Terpsidis George Karanikolas Evanthia J. Petridou Christos Brozos Harilaos Karatzias 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2013,54(11):1080-1082
The efficacy of sulfadimidine (4 doses of 33 mg/kg body weight, IM, q48h) against Toxoplasma abortion was assessed in 3 dairy goat herds suffering from Toxoplasma abortions during the 4th month of gestation. This protocol was very effective for the control of Toxoplasma abortions (P < 0.01). 相似文献
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Giadinis ND Symeoudakis S Papadopoulos E Lafi SQ Karatzias H 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,44(7):1561-1565
This study was conducted in the Larnaca area of Cyprus and included 28 goat and 15 sheep flocks suffering from neonatal diarrhoea (>20%). Faecal samples from diarrhoeic animals revealed that 25 of the 28 goat and 12 of the 15 sheep flocks were positive for Cryptosporidium. The ELISA was more accurate in the diagnosis of cryptosporidiosis compared to the Ziehl-Neelsen staining technique (P?相似文献
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