Astigmatism in infants   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

I Mohindra  R Held  J Gwiazda  J Brill 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1978,202(4365):329-331

Compared with children of school age, infants show ten times the incidence and considerably greater amounts of clinically significant astigmatism. The amount begins to decrease in the second semester of life, and the incidence declines during the third year. The unanticipated results bear on both the etiology and the neural sequelae of astigmatism.  相似文献   

Visually guided reaching in infant monkeys after restricted rearing   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

R Held  J A Bauer 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1967,155(763):718-720

Infant macaques were reared from birth in an apparatus which pre cluded sight of their body parts. At 35 days postpartum one hand was exposed to view. Visual fixation of this hand was insistent and prolonged; visually guided reaching was poor, but it improved during ten succeeding hours of exposure. Little concomitant improvement occurred in the reaching of the unexposed hand.  相似文献   

A sampling protocol for the thyrotropin-stimulation test in the horse   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

J P Held  J W Oliver 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1984,184(3):326-327

A study was designed to assess the secretory response of thyroid glands in horses to an economically feasible dose (5 IU) of thyrotropin injected IV, and to establish valid blood sampling periods in cases in which thyroxine concentrations were different from base-line values. Significant (P less than 0.001) response (doubling or near-doubling of base line) occurred as early as 3 hours after thyrotropin administration, with peak response at 4 to 5 hours. It was concluded that administration of 5 IU of thyrotropin is economical and effective in the horse, with collection of a second blood sample possible as early as 3 hours after administration.  相似文献   

Solitary osteochondroma of the radius in three horses     

J P Held  C S Patton  M Shires 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1988,193(5):563-564

Osteochondroma of the distal portion of the radius was diagnosed in 3 horses with a history of lameness and distention of the common tendon sheath of the superficial and deep digital flexor tendons at the level of the carpal canal. In 2 horses, the exostosis was removed through an incision at the caudal border of the lateral digital extensor muscle above the carpal ligament.  相似文献   

Sperm granuloma in a stallion     

J P Held  P Prater  R L Toal  J T Blackford  M McCracken 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1989,194(2):267-268

A 7-year-old stallion with a history of abdominal pain after it fell was examined and found to have a swelling of the right testis and epididymis. Semen evaluation revealed an increase in secondary sperm abnormalities. The stallion was unilaterally castrated. The histologic diagnosis was sperm granuloma, with no evidence of infection. Periductal fibrosis was observed and appeared to have developed before the trauma occurred. The changes seen could be compatible with chronic blockade of efferent ductules, resulting in extravasation of spermatozoa.  相似文献   

Interaction of 2,4,5-trichlorophenylsulphonylmethyl thiocyanate with fungal spores     

F. Haverkate  A. Tempel  A. J. Den Held 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1969,75(5):308-315

Interaction of a new fungicidal compound, viz. 2, 4, 5-trichlorophenylsulphonylmethyl thiocyanate with spores of Fusarium culmorum has been investigated.The compound is readily taken up by spores and converted to the non-fungitoxic 2,4,5-trichlorophenylsuphinic acid, which is released into the ambient solution. Uptake of the thiocyanate can be markedly reduced by pretreatment of the spores with a thiol reagent like iodoacetic acid and slightly enhanced by pretreatment with a thiol, like dithiodglycol. Moreover, the thiocyanate reacts with thiols in vitro by forming the same sulphinic acid. Hence, it is concluded that the title compound is able to react with fungal cell thiols.However, addition of a thiol reagent does not affect the fungitoxicity of the thiocyanate. The absence of synergism suggests that the fungitoxicity of the thiocyanate is based at least partly on reaction with fungal cell thiols.The thiocyanate investigated resembles the fungicide captan with respect to both uptake pattern and failure to give synergism with a thiol reagent. These observations suggest that the fungicidal compounds have a similar mode of action, as far as reaction with fungal cell thiols is concerned.Samenvatting De interactie van een nieuwe fungicide verbinding nl. 2,4,5-trichloorfenylsulfonylmethyl thiocyanaat met sporen vanFusarium culmorum is onderzocht.De verbinding wordt goed door sporen opgenomen en omgezet in het niet fungitoxische 2,4,5-trichloorfenylsulfinezuur, dat aan de buitenoplossing wordt afgestaan. Opname van het thiocyanaat kan in aanzienlijke mate worden verlaagd door voorbehandeling van de sporen met een thiolreagens zoals joodazijnzuur, en enigszins worden verhoogd door voorbehandeling met een thiol zoals dithiodiglycol. Voorts reageert het thiocyanaat met thiolen in vitro onder vorming van hetzelfde sulfinzuur. De conclusie wordt getrokken, dat het thiocyanaat in staat is te reageren met thiolen van de schimmelcel.Toevoeging van een thiolreagens heeft echter geen invloed op de fungicide werking van het thiocyanaat. Het uitblijven van synergisme suggereert, dat de fungitoxiciteit van het thiocyanaat tenminste gedeeltelijk is gebaseerd op reacties met thiolen in de schimmelcel.Het onderzochte thiocyanaat gelijkt op het fungicide captan niet alleen in opnamepatroon maar ook wat betreft het uitblijven van synergisme met een thiolreagens. Deze waarnemingen suggereren dat de fungicide verbindingen hetzelfde werkingsmechanisme hebben, althans voorzover het reacties met thiolen van de schimmel betreft.  相似文献   

A cohort study of preweaning piglet mortality and farrowing accommodation on 112 commercial pig farms in England     

Kilbride AL  Mendl M  Statham P  Held S  Harris M  Cooper S  Green LE 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2012,104(3-4):281-291

A cohort study was carried out on 112 breeding pig farms in England to investigate the impact of type of farrowing accommodation on preweaning mortality in piglets. Four types of farrowing accommodation were studied; farrowing crates, indoor loose pens, crate/loose systems (where the sow was restrained in a crate during birth and the first days of lactation before being moved to a loose pen) and outdoor farrowing in arcs in paddocks. Four estimates of preweaning mortality were collected: an oral estimate from the farmer before the visit, an estimate from the 6-month rolling average from computer records, records from 20 litters observed when the farm was visited and prospective records collected from 20 farrowings after the visit. These four estimates were significantly correlated. The prospective records also included a farmer reported date and cause of death. From the prospective data there were 25,031 piglets from 2143 litters from 112 farms, 6.5% of piglets were stillborn while live born preweaning mortality was 12%. Mixed effect discrete time survival, binomial and competing risk, models were used to investigate the association between preweaning mortality and farrowing accommodation, controlling for sow parity, litter size and number of piglets stillborn and fostered. There was a reduced risk of stillbirths in outdoor farrowing systems compared with crated systems. Farmers reported that crushing of healthy piglets was the most frequent cause of death accounting for 55% of live born preweaning mortality. There was no significant difference in mortality in live born piglets by farrowing system. There was a significantly higher risk of farmer reported crushing of healthy live born piglets in outdoor arcs compared with piglets reared with sows in farrowing crates and a significantly reduced risk of death from causes other than crushing in piglets reared outdoors or in crate/loose systems compared with piglets reared in crated systems. We conclude that, in the farms in this study, farrowing crates reduced the risk of preweaning live born mortality attributable to crushing but piglets in this system were at increased risk of death from other causes. Consequently crates had no significant effect on overall preweaning mortality percentage. In all four commercial production systems; outdoor, farrowing crates, crate/loose farrowing systems and indoor loose housed systems, there were similar levels of mortality.  相似文献   

Fungicides affect Japanese beetle Popillia japonica (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) egg hatch,larval survival and detoxification enzymes          下载免费PDF全文

Glen R Obear  Adekunle W Adesanya  Patrick J Liesch  R Chris Williamson  David W Held 《Pest management science》2016,72(5):966-973

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Bacterial epididymitis in two stallions   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

J P Held  S Adair  M D McGavin  W H Adams  R Toal  J Henton 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1990,197(5):602-604

Two stallions had unilateral bacterial epididymitis attributable to S zooepidemicus infection. Diagnosis was based on bacterial isolation, WBC in the semen, higher than normal blood fibrinogen concentration, and leukocytosis with regenerative left shift. One horse had high seminal pH. Ultrasonography of the involved epididymides revealed changes consistent with the appearance of abnormal accumulation of exudate in the tail of the epididymis. Treatment included unilateral orchiectomy and antibiotic administration. In stallion 1, the infection persisted despite treatment. Treatment result was not available for stallion 2.  相似文献   

Segmentary aplasia of a uterine horn (uterus unicornis) in a cow of the beef breed Senepol     

M Stettler  R D Linnabary  R W Henry  J P Held 《Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde》1988,130(12):709-712

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