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The first records of the invasive pest Drosophila suzukii in the South American continent 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Maríndia Deprá Jean Lucas Poppe Hermes José Schmitz Daniela Cristina De Toni Vera L. S. Valente 《Journal of pest science》2014,87(3):379-383
This paper presents the first report of the occurrence of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in South America. Several samples were collected during various seasons in 2012 and 2013, and a significant number of individuals were obtained and identified. Based on the data recorded during each sampling campaign, including the locality, temperature, time of year, and number of individuals collected, several conclusions were drawn about the development of this invasion in southern Brazil. 相似文献
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TB Hildebrandt B Drews J Kurz R Hermes S Yang F Göritz 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2009,44(S2):125-128
Three-dimensional (3D)/four-dimensional (4D) volume ultrasound is an established method in human medicine that offers various options for analysing and presenting ultrasound volume data. However, the successful application of the different 3D/4D imaging modalities in pregnant dogs and cats has not yet been reported in the literature. The main reasons for this are: (1) the high costs of 3D/4D ultrasound systems, (2) operation difficulties due to high breathing frequency in non-sedated animals and (3) the missing specific knowledge in veterinary medicine concerning how to perform high-quality volume scans. Automatically acquired ultrasound volume data sets were generated with two different ultrasound systems: the portable Voluson i and the stationary Voluson Expert 730. Different 3D/4D imaging modalities were tested in regard of their practicability in pregnancy monitoring in dogs and cats. Nine different volume imaging modalities were applied using the saved files. For the presentation of the static 3D volume data sets, we used the multiplanar, niche, surface, transparency, glass body, inversion, volume calculation and tomographic ultrasound imaging modes. For the dynamic 4D data, the surface and glass body modes were applied. By changing the human standard settings to the requirements of small animal anatomy, it was found that 3D/4D ultrasound has great potential for the characterization of pregnancy in queens and bitches. The 3D/4D technology offered advanced information about pregnancy status and birth prediction and improved the diagnostic confidence. By using standardized examination protocols, 3D/4D ultrasound will allow a reduction in examination time by generating even more relevant information. These benefits, combined with possible future cost reduction of commercial ultrasound systems, might lead to frequent utilization in routine pregnancy diagnostic and birth management in small animal practice. 相似文献
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为了研究日粮的蛋白质和纤维水平对仔猪生产性能和健康状况的互作,特选择96头35日龄的仔猪（体重为9.11±0.60kg）,分32个栏饲养,每栏3头,分成4个日粮处理组,饲喂期21d。在设定的2×2因子处理中,4种日粮以大米、奶制品和大豆粕为基础配制,日粮蛋白质设两个水平（15.4%与19.4%,风干基）,纤维也设两个水平[低水平纤维（LF）为含5.3%中性洗涤纤维,高水平纤维（HF）为含7.15%中性洗涤纤维,风干基]。高水平纤维日粮组在基础日粮中添加了40g/kg的小麦麸和20g/kg的甜菜浆。每周测定动物生产性能,试验第1天和最后一天收集粪样进行微生物学分析,并且按1（液态）到4（硬实）的评分体系对粪便进行评分。在试验最后1d,每栏选1头猪采集血液,分析急性期反应蛋白（acute-phase protein）和主要急性期反应蛋白（major acute-phase prot）（即Pig-MAP）的含量,随后进行屠宰,对消化道（包括内容物）进行称重,并进行结肠组织学分析。饲喂高水平纤维日粮的仔猪具有较大的平均日增重（390g与457g,P≤0.001）和大肠重量（以占体重比例衡量为4.4%与5.4%,P≤0.05）。这与较高的短链脂肪酸浓度（尤其是乙酸和丁酸）、较少的大肠杆菌数量（每克粪便含7.77与6.86logcfu,P≤0.05）和较高乳酸杆菌与肠道细菌比（0.76与1.37,P≤0.05）是相符的。虽然日粮蛋白质水平没有改变猪的生产性能,但是20%的蛋白质水平提高（P≤0.05）了小肠（6.5与7.7）和大肠（3.8与4.3）的相对重量（占体重的百分比）。在大肠内,含20%蛋白质的日粮使仔猪杯状细胞数量增加（4.6/100与5.4/100μm;P≤0.05）,并使肠上皮内淋巴细胞数量减少（1.8/100与1.3/100μm;P≤0.05）。在健康状况方面,提高日粮纤维水平所产生的效果与日粮中的蛋白质含量有关。在含16%蛋白质的日粮中增加纤维水平可降低粪便评分值、增加抗生素治疗次数,然而在? 相似文献
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Antje Semrau Gudrun Wibbelt Monika Hilbe Dietmar Lieckfeldt Robert Hermes Kerstin E Müller Hans P Heckert Mark J Hoyer Kai Fr?lich 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2008,39(1):124-127
A Lesser Malayan mousedeer (Tragulus javanicus), persistently infected with noncytopathogenic bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) type 1f, was experimentally superinfected with a cytopathogenic isolate of BVDV type 1c, which antigenically partially matched the endogenous strain. Within the observational period of 125 days after superinfection, the animal did not demonstrate any clinical signs of the disease and/or significant changes in blood values. Neutralizing antibodies were detected at 35 and 42 days postinfection. The isolate causing the superinfection was found in feces, nasal swabs, and saliva starting from day 29 and at various times postchallenge. Macroscopic or histologic examination did not reveal mucosal disease-like lesions, despite the detection of the cytopathogenic isolate in the salivary gland, rumen, abomasum, kidney, and superficial prescapular lymph node. Results indicate that the cytopathogenic BVDV strain, which was used in the superinfection, persisted in the viremic animal without causing disease within the observation period. 相似文献
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Irene COBO‐SIM
N Beln MNDEZ‐CEA Hctor PORTILLO Fausto ELVIR Hermes VEGA Francisco Javier GALLEGO Gustavo FONTECHA 《Integrative zoology》2019,14(5):422-434
Biosphere reserves are protected areas whose purpose is to combine conservation and sustainable development. However, their effectiveness has not been tested sufficiently, especially from an ecological and genetic approach. In this sense, the Peromyscus genus represents an excellent bioindicator to address these questions, due to its short life and high evolutionary rate and fecundity. For conservation managers, genetic structure can increase the rate of loss of genetic diversity because alleles exclusive of a subpopulation are more likely to disappear as a consequence of genetic drift in comparison with a panmictic population. Here we analyzed the abundance, movement distances, morphology/morphometry and genetic structure of 3 populations of Mexican deer mouse (Peromyscus mexicanus) located in different protected zones of La Tigra National Park (Honduras). Our results are consistent among the 3 approaches and showed the highest values of abundance, morphometry and genetic diversity in the population located at the core zone, whereas non‐statistically significant differences were found between buffer and transition zone populations, suggesting suitable effectiveness of conservation management in the core zone but a lack of ecological buffering function of the other zones. In addition, the low movement distances and high genetic structure among the studied populations provide evidence of poor conservation management in the buffer and transition zone. Thus, we discuss the utility of the novel methodology used in this work, combining morphometry, abundance and genetics, in testing the effectiveness of conservation strategies in biosphere reserves, and the value of the Peromyscus genus as a bioindicator. 相似文献
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B Behr D Rath TB Hildebrandt F Goeritz S Blottner TJ Portas BR Bryant B Sieg A Knieriem SP de Graaf WMC Maxwell R Hermes 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2009,44(2):273-277
Flow cytometric sexing of spermatozoa followed by application in artificial insemination or in vitro fertilization provides a unique opportunity to predetermine the sex of offspring and might enhance the conservation management of endangered species in captivity such as the elephant and rhinoceros. To obtain an indication of the sortability of spermatozoa from these species, the relative DNA differences between X and Y chromosome bearing spermatozoa (fresh, frozen thawed, epididymal) from three rhinoceros species [white ( Ceratotherium simum ), black ( Diceros bicornis ), Indian ( Rhinoceros unicornis )] and both elephant species, the Asian and the African elephant ( Elephas maximus, Loxodonta Africana ), were determined through separation of spermatozoa into X and Y chromosome bearing populations, using a modified high speed flow cytometer. The head profile areas of spermatozoa from all five species were measured using light microscopy. By multiplying the relative DNA differences and the head profile areas, the sperm sorting indices were calculated to be 47, 48 and 51 for white, black and Indian rhinoceros respectively. The calculated sorting index for the Asian elephant was 66. In the African elephant, we determined the highest sorting index of 76. These results indicate the practicability of flow cytometric sex sorting of spermatozoa from the tested rhinoceros species and both elephant species. The lower sorting indices in rhinos indicate that sex sorting of spermatozoa from the rhinoceros will be more challenging than in elephants. 相似文献