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Mizuki OGAWA Yasutomo HORI Nobuyuki KANNO Naoki IWASA Takeshi TOYOFUKU Noriko ISAYAMA Akane YOSHIKAWA Ryota AKABANE Atsushi SAKATANI Hirosumi MIYAKAWA Huai-Hsun HSU Yuichi MIYAGAWA Naoyuki TAKEMURA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(4):705
Plasma N-terminal pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (NT-proANP) concentration increases with progression of myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) in dogs. This multicentre, prospective study compared plasma NT-proANP, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), ANP, and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) concentrations in dogs with MMVD for their characteristics and discriminatory ability to detect cardiac dilatation and congestive heart failure (CHF). Thirty-six healthy dogs and 69 dogs with MMVD were included. Clinical variables were obtained via physical examination, thoracic radiography, and echocardiography. The discriminatory ability of each cardiac biomarker (CB) to determine the presence or absence of cardiac dilatation (event 1) and CHF (event 2) was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic curves. Plasma NT-proANP, NT-proBNP, and ANP concentrations showed a significant association with the left atrium/aorta ratio (P<0.01). The area under the curve of plasma NT-proANP and NT-proBNP concentrations were 0.72 and 0.75, respectively in event1 and 0.72 and 0.76, respectively in event2. Plasma NT-proANP and NT-proBNP concentrations showed sensitivity 80.0 and 80.0%; specificity 67.6 and 64.7% in event1 (cutoff value; 8,497.81 pg/ml and 1,453.00 pmol/l, respectively) and sensitivity 85.7 and 81.0%; specificity 60.4 and 64.6% in event2 (cutoff value; 8,684.33 pg/ml and 1,772.00 pmol/l, respectively). In dogs with MMVD, plasma NT-proANP, NT-proBNP, and ANP concentrations increase with left atrial enlargement. Particularly, plasma NT-proANP and NT-proBNP concentrations appeared to be equally useful in the discriminatory ability to detect cardiac dilatation and CHF. 相似文献
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Fumitaka TAKAHASHI Takaharu HAKOZAKI Nobuo KANNO Shuji SUZUKI Yasuji HARADA Satoshi SOETA Shinichi NAKAMURA Shinya YAMAGUCHI Yasushi HARA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2022,84(5):694
We evaluated the completeness of bony fusion of the atlantoaxial joint (AAJ) through polymethylmethacrylate fixation (PMF) and atlantoaxial plate fixation (APF) using six canine models with dens partial resection. In both groups, the hydroxyapatite content at the AAJ was measured up to 7 months postoperatively using quantitative computed tomography. Histological assessment revealed fibrous fusion in the PMF group. Meanwhile, in the APF group, only one dog achieved fibrous fusion, whereas the remaining three showed bony fusion. To our knowledge, this study was the first to evaluate AAJ fusion histologically after PMF and APF. The present study demonstrates that PMF and APF may stabilize the AAJ without clinical complications. Therefore, PMF and APF are clinically useful fixation methods for atlantoaxial instability. 相似文献
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Michinari YOKOHAMA Kenta WADA Masaru FUJITA Mai KOTANI Yoshio NAGURA Masako KANNO Kou NOMURA Takashi AMANO Yoshiaki KIKKAWA 《Animal Science Journal》2011,82(6):773-781
The coat of a goat, like that of many mammalian species, consists of an outer coat of coarse hairs and an under coat of fine, downy hairs. The coarse guard hairs are produced by primary follicles and the finer cashmere hairs by secondary follicles. We previously reported that hair keratins are components of cashmere hair, and proteomic analysis revealed that their expression is elevated in winter coat hair. To determine detailed characterization, we have cloned keratin 33A gene, a major highly expressed keratin in winter, and then analyzed the expression of goat hair coat. By Western analysis, we detected that keratin 33A protein is expressed only in hair coat among the various goat tissues. Moreover, the expression level in winter has increased in cashmere high‐producing Korean native breed, whereas the expression levels between summer and winter had not changed in cashmere low‐producing Saanen. In addition, by immunohistochemistry we determined that keratin 33A is localized in the major cortex portion of cashmere fiber. These results confirm that keratin 33A is a structural protein of goat cashmere hair fiber. 相似文献
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Akemi YAMAMOTO Minoru ITOH Yoshikatsu KADOYA Hirokazu KANNO Michi YAMADA Shu FURUYA 《Animal Science Journal》2002,73(4):301-304
An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of supplementing a reduced crude protein (CP) diet with apple pomace on the urinary nitrogen excretion and ammonia emission from slurry in the growing pigs. Four barrows (35 kg bodyweight) were assigned to one of two diets. Each pig was placed in a metabolism cage and fed a low CP, amino acid-supplemented diet (CP 11.33%; low CP diet) or a low CP, amino acid-supplemented diet containing 23.08% dried apple pomace (CP 9.47%; apple pomace diet) for two 14-day experimental periods. After the completion of the first period, the pigs were switched to the other diet. Urine and feces were quantitatively collected daily for 5 days after a 9-day adaptation period. The daily nitrogen intake for the low CP diet and the apple pomace diet was 17.76 g/pig and 18.64 g/pig, respectively. The pigs fed the apple pomace diet excreted more fecal nitrogen (6.86 g/day) than the pigs fed the low CP diet (3.63 g/day) ( P < 0.001), but urinary nitrogen excretion with the apple pomace diet was 3.11 g/day, which was much lower than that for the low CP diet (5.95 g/day) ( P < 0.001). The daily ammonia emission from the mixture of urine and feces determined by an in vitro method was much lower for pigs fed the apple pomace diet (120 mg) than that for pigs fed the low CP diet (603 mg) ( P < 0.01). The addition of apple pomace to a reduced CP, amino acid-supplemented diet reduces urinary nitrogen excretion and thereby ammonia emission. 相似文献
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ABSTRACT: Age-based population assessment is widely used, but there are cases where information on age or even body length of landed fish is difficult to collect. In the present study, the biomass and fishing mortality of the southern Hokkaido stock of Pacific cod Gadus macrocephalus was estimated directly from body weight composition, using weight-based virtual population analysis, from 1994 to 2000. The estimated biomass over 1 kg body weight was 5607 t in 1994 and increased to 7908 t in 2000. The increase was explained by an increase in recruitment. 相似文献
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The effects of night temperature on biomass accumulation and plant morphology were examined in rice ( Oryza sativa L.) during vegetative growth. Plants were grown under three different night temperatures (17, 22 and 27°C) for 63 days. The day temperature was maintained at 27°C in all treatments. The final biomass of the plants was greatest in the plants grown at the highest night temperature. Total leaf area and tiller number were also the greatest in this treatment. Growth analysis indicated that the relative growth rate in the 27°C night-temperature treatment was maximal between days 21–42 and this was caused by increases in leaf area ratio, leaf weight ratio and specific leaf area. Plant total nitrogen contents did not differ among treatments. However, nitrogen allocation to the leaf blades was highest and the accumulation of sucrose and starch in the leaf blades and sheaths was the lowest in the 27°C night-temperature treatment by day 42. Despite this, dark respiration was also highest, and both the gross and net rates of CO2 uptake at the level of the whole plant at day 63 were the highest in the 27°C night-temperature treatment. Thus, high night temperature strongly stimulated the growth of leaf blades during the early stage of rice plant growth, leading to increased biomass during the vegetative stage of the rice plants. As the CO2 uptake rate per total leaf area was higher, photosynthesis at the level of the whole plant was also stimulated by a high night temperature. 相似文献
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Abstract Balancing aquatic conservation and water supply is becoming a major global issue for urban landscapes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ecological effects of stream‐flow alterations via water withdrawals and impoundments on fish assemblage structure. Electric fishing data were collected at 33 wadeable streams in Connecticut, located in the Southern New England region of USA. Fish sampling was conducted directly downstream of water withdrawals for municipal and agricultural water supply, and study sites differed in potential water withdrawal rates and the presence of impoundments. Regression analysis showed that water withdrawal rate was more important than other natural and anthropogenic factors (e.g. landcover and stream size) in explaining several fish assemblage metrics. Stream sites with high withdrawal rates were generally characterised by lower proportions of fluvial dependent fishes (fish which need flowing water to complete a portion of their life history) and benthic invertivores (fish which feed on bottom‐dwelling stream insects in riffle habitat), and had a greater percent composition of macrohabitat generalists, particularly members of the family Centrarchidae. Some assemblage metrics responded linearly with increasing magnitude of water withdrawals, but others were non‐linear. Results are consistent with ecological theory that alteration of the natural flow regime will impact stream biota. 相似文献
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Noboru TAKAESU Chihiro KANNO Kosuke SUGIMOTO Masashi NAGANO Akihisa KANEKO Yoriko INDO Hiroo IMAI Hirohisa HIRAI Munehiro OKAMOTO Mariko SASHIKA Michito SHIMOZURU Seiji KATAGIRI Toshio TSUBOTA Yojiro YANAGAWA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2022,84(3):429
In the Japanese macaque, semen has been collected by electro-ejaculation (EE), using the higher voltage stimuli compared to other species including genus Macaca. Semen coagulates immediately after ejaculation, which makes difficult to produce high-quality semen for artificial insemination. Recently, semen collection using urethral catheterization (UC) has been reported in carnivore and this technique may allow semen collection without coagulation in a less invasive manner. Further, the temporal preservation temperature and cooling rate of semen during cryopreservation affect post thawing sperm quality. In this study, to improve semen quality and quantity, as well as the animal welfare, semen collection was performed by EE with high (5–15 V) or low (3–6 V) voltage, UC and a combination of the two (EE-UC). It has been suggested that a high voltage is necessary for semen collection, but 10 V stimulation was effective enough and 15 V is for additional sperm collection. Also, liquid semen was collected by EE-UC and this could increase the total number of sperm. Further, to improve the post thawing sperm motility, semen was kept at four temperatures (4, 15, 25 and 37°C) for 60 min, and processed with two cooling procedures (slow cooling before second dilution and fast cooling after second dilution). Holding semen at 25°C and fast cooling after the second dilution maintained progressive motile sperm rate. The present results will contribute to the improvement of semen collection and animal welfare of Japanese macaques. 相似文献
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Tom ICHINOHE Nobuo KANNO Yasuji HARADA Takuya YOGO Masahiro TAGAWA Satoshi SOETA Hajime AMASAKI Yasushi HARA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(7):761-770
Degenerative cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) rupture is characterized histologically by
degenerating extracellular matrix (ECM) and chondroid metaplasia. Here, we describe the
progression of chondroid metaplasia and the changes in the expression of ECM components in
canine CCL rupture (CCLR). CCLs from 26 stifle joints with CCLR (CCLR group) and normal
CCLs from 12 young beagles (control group) were examined histologically and
immunohistochemically for expression of type I (COLI), type II (COLII), type III collagen
(COLIII) and Sry-type HMG box 9 (SOX9). Cell density and morphology of CCLs were
quantified using hematoxylin–eosin staining. The percentage of round cells was higher in
the CCLR group than in controls. COLI-positive areas were seen extensively in the
connecting fibers, but weakly represented in the cytoplasm of normal CCLs. In the CCLR
group, there were fewer COLI-positive areas, but many COLI-positive cells. The percentages
of COLII-, COLIII- and SOX9-positive cells were higher in the CCLR group than in controls.
The number of spindle cells with perinuclear halo was high in the CCLR group, and most of
these cells were SOX9-positive. Deposition of COLI, the main ECM component of ligaments,
decreased with increased COLIII expression in degenerated CCL tissue, which shows that the
deposition of the ECM is changed in CCLR. On the contrary, expression of SOX9 increased,
which may contribute to the synthesis of cartilage matrix. The expression of COLII and
SOX9 in ligamentocytes showed that these cells tend to differentiate into
chondrocytes. 相似文献