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Katsumasa Yamada Masakazu Hori Susumu Matsuno Tatsuo Hamano Masami Hamaguchi 《Fisheries Science》2009,75(3):601-610
It has been suggested that the Japanese sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus, has three color types (red, green, and black), although the qualitative difference between the color types, particularly
between the green and black types, is unclear because of continuous color variation among color types. This study elucidated
the color variation between green and black types using image processing (RGB, red–green–blue system) and multivariate analysis to demonstrate whether or not the black and green types can be quantitatively classified.
Moreover, spatial variation of the RGB value among various local sites was clarified to estimate potential environmental factors
that may affect the color variation. The series of analyses revealed that a quantitative boundary between green and black
types could be provisionally established, and also that spatial variability in the intermediate (continuous) color trait between
green and black types was significant. Potential environmental factors (depth and industrial activity index) were correlated
with the color traits in both color types. These results suggest that the green and black types cannot be regarded as independent
color traits and that the color variation between green and black types may be influenced by local environmental factors. 相似文献
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Katsumasa SUZUKI Keiki OKAZAKI Keitaro TAWARAYA Mitsuru OSAKI Takuro SHINANO 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2009,55(4):505-513
Components of rice root exudates were surveyed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and the effect of phosphate (P) starvation was investigated. Rice seedlings were aseptically grown in controlled environments under P-supplied (+P) or P-deficient (–P) conditions. Root exudates were collected from the culture solution 4 and 8 days after treatment (D4 and D8, respectively), which contain the first and second 4-day intervals. The collected solution was lyophilized and then eluted with methanol. In the present study, primary metabolites, such as sugars, amino acids, organic acids and fatty acids, were mainly targeted. After derivatization with methoxyamine hydrochloride and N-methyl-N-trifluoroacetamide, the samples were analyzed by GC-MS. Sugars and various amino acids (such as aspartic acid and l -isoleucine) were mainly detected and the components changed with the growth stage rather than the P content in the culture solution. The relative amount of sugars (such as glucose and fructose) and amino acids (such as aspartic acid and l -isoleucine) decreased in the D8 samples. Of the 78 detected compounds, orthogonal partial least-squares discrimination analysis (O-PLS-DA) showed that four compounds were related to the P content of the nutrient solution and 58 were related to the sampling date (days after treatment). The results suggest that the physiological change during seedling development was unexpectedly large and that the response to the environment was rather small. 相似文献
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Shingo Matsumoto Noriharu Ae Yohichi Koyama Katsumasa Iijima Rumiko Kodashima Mari Hirata Junko Kasuga Nobuhisa Koga 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2008,45(1):107-111
Phosphate buffer-extractable organic nitrogen (PEON), which can be extracted from soil with a 67-mM neutral phosphate buffer
solution, is considered to be a major source of mineralizable nitrogen (N) that is ubiquitous in soil. We have developed a
Western blot analysis and enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) method for determining PEON. First, anti-PEON antibody
(IgG) from a rabbit was produced using purified PEON from a volcanic ash soil. PEON was detected as a ladder-like staining
pattern in the high-molecular-weight region and as a single band under 14 kDa in Western blot analysis using the anti-PEON
IgG. In the ELISA assay, the anti-PEON IgG could specifically react with PEON irrespective of soil type and management. Furthermore,
the absorbance at 450 nm in ELISA was highly correlated to the concentration of organic N (Norg) in phosphate extracts of different soils. We propose the immune assay using the anti-PEON IgG as a possible novel method
for evaluating available N in soil. 相似文献
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Kurihara Takeo Nakano Shoji Matsuyama Yukihiko Hashimoto Kazumasa Yamada Katsumasa Ito Atsushi Kanematsu Masaei 《International Aquatic Research》2018,10(1):1-11
International Aquatic Research - Survival time of juvenile pen shell Atrina pectinata (shell length ≈ 34 mm) exposed to hyposaline water without sediments was... 相似文献
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Michihiko Sakurai Katsumasa Suzuki Takuro Shinano Mitsuru Osaki 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2007,39(11):2777-2784
We studied the effects of the application of organic (OM) and inorganic fertilizer (CF) on soil protease activity and proteolytic bacterial communities in rhizosphere and bulk soil on an experimental lettuce field in Hokkaido, Japan. The protease activity always was higher in soils of the OM than with the CF treatment, and also higher in the rhizosphere than in the bulk soil. We analyzed proteolytic bacterial communities by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of the alkaline metalloprotease (apr) and neutral metalloprotease (npr) genes. Most apr forms detected were closely related to apr of Pseudomonas fluorescens, and all npr variants closely resembled the gene of Bacillus megaterium. These results were consistent with findings from tests using cultured bacterial communities, indicating a high specificity of our PCR-DGGE for amplifying apr and npr genes. The community compositions of proteolytic bacteria were assessed by principal component analysis of the DGGE profiles. There were significant differences in the effects of CF and OM on the community compositions of apr- and npr-expressing bacteria, and the communities of the two types of bacteria played different roles in rhizosphere and bulk soil. We found significant correlations between the protease activity and the communities of the two types of bacteria. The results indicate that different proteolytic bacteria release different amounts or activities of protease, and that the composition of proteolytic bacterial communities may play a major role in determining overall soil protease activity. 相似文献
6.
Kazumasa Hashimoto Katsumasa Yamada Akira Nagae Yukihiko Matsuyama 《Fisheries Science》2018,84(5):837-848
Taxonomy of the pen shell (genus Atrina) in East Asia has been confused because of the plasticity of the shell morphology and lack of unified morphological characteristics. We analyzed the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) sequence of the pen shell sampled from Ariake Bay and Seto Inland Sea, western Japan. All individuals were identified as the scaly form based on external morphology; however, their COI sequences were comprised of two distinct lineages. The sequence divergence between the two was 8.3%, indicating the high possibility that they are different species. The scaly form of the pen shell in Japan is one of the target species for resource enhancement, therefore COI lineage identification of broodstock individuals is critically important to avoid producing hybrid seed. We developed a loop-mediated isothermal amplification method that enables specific detection of the two lineages. This method can contribute to reducing the cost and time required for genotyping broodstock individuals prior to seed production. 相似文献
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