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1.
Lipid distribution in branching coral Montipora digitata 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Hirosuke OKU Hideyuki YAMASHIRO Kyoko ONAGA Hironori IWASAKI Kensaku TAKARA 《Fisheries Science》2002,68(3):517-522
>ABSTRACT: The lipid profile was studied along the branch length, from the top, middle to base portion, of coral Montipora digitata to gain more insight into the physiological significance of lipids in the coral energy budget. The lipids of M. digitata consisted of seven major lipid classes: polar lipid, sterol, free fatty acid, unknown lipids 1 and 2, triacylglycerol (TG), and wax ester. The concentration of storage lipids, TG, and wax ester showed a top–base gradient along the length, whereas the levels of free fatty acid and unknown lipids showed a base–top gradient. The proportions of polar lipid and sterol in the top portion of the branch were slightly higher than those in the base portion. This observation appeared to be compatible with the view that the increased energy expenditure for proliferation enhanced the mobilization of the storage fuel lipids of wax ester and TG rather than the structure lipids of polar lipids and sterols at the top portion of the branch. Compositions of fatty acid also showed a length-wise diversity. The top portion had a lower proportion of palmitic acid (16 : 0) in all lipid classes of fatty acid ester, suggesting that this fatty acid was preferentially mobilized at the top portion, probably for the growth of coral cells. 相似文献
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Kyoko Sugawara Misako Himeno Takuya Keima Yugo Kitazawa Kensaku Maejima Kenro Oshima Shigetou Namba 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2012,78(6):389-397
Phytoplasmas are plant pathogenic bacteria that infect more than 700 plant species. Because phytoplasma-resistant cultivars are not available for the vast majority of crops, the most common practice to prevent phytoplasma diseases is to remove infected plants. Therefore, developing a rapid, accurate diagnostic method to detect a phytoplasma infection is important. Here, we developed a phytoplasma detection assay based on loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) by targeting the groEL gene and 16S rDNA. We designed 19 primer sets for the LAMP assay and evaluated their amplification efficiency, sensitivity, and spectra to select the most suitable primer sets to detect Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris. As a result, DNA was efficiently amplified by one of the primer sets targeting the groEL gene, and LAMP assay sensitivity with this primer set was 10-fold higher than that of the polymerase chain reaction. Moreover, the groEL gene was successfully amplified from several strains of Ca. Phytoplasma asteris by this primer set, indicating that the groEL gene can be used as a LAMP assay target gene for a broad range of phytoplasma strains. Additionally, a simple DNA extraction method that omits the homogenizing and phenol extraction steps was combined with the LAMP assay to develop a simple, rapid, and convenient diagnostic method for detecting phytoplasma. 相似文献
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Kazuya Ishikawa Kensaku Maejima Susumu Nagashima Nobuo Sawamura Yusuke Takinami Ken Komatsu Masayoshi Hashimoto Yasuyuki Yamaji Jun Yamamoto Shigetou Namba 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2012,78(2):136-139
For the first time, fig mosaic virus (FMV) was detected in common fig (Ficus carica) trees in Shimane, Japan. These trees exhibited mosaic, ringspots, or distortion, accompanied by chlorosis on leaves and
yellow spots on fruits. Some of the symptomatic trees were infested with the eriophyid mite Aceria ficus. The virus was detected based on RT-PCR, followed by sequencing. The amplified 300 base-pair fragments shared 83.5–91.5%
identity with the corresponding region of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene of FMV isolates previously reported in Turkey,
Iran, and Italy. 相似文献
5.
Nozomu Iwabuchi Ai Endo Norikazu Kameyama Masaya Satoh Akio Miyazaki Hiroaki Koinuma Yugo Kitazawa Kensaku Maejima Yasuyuki Yamaji Kenro Oshima Shigetou Namba 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2018,84(2):160-164
“Elaeocarpus yellows” (ELY) is a widely reported phytoplasma disease of Elaeocarpus zollingeri trees in Japan. The phytoplasma associated with ELY (ELY phytoplasma) had not been identified at the species level because its 16S rRNA sequence had yet to be reported. Here, we report the results of a sequence analysis based on 16S rRNA and secA gene sequences, which showed that the ELY phytoplasma is related to ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma malaysianum’. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing the occurrence of ‘Ca. P. malaysianum’ outside Malaysia and the infection of E. zollingeri by the phytoplasma. 相似文献
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Lioe HN Apriyantono A Takara K Wada K Naoki H Yasuda M 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(19):5950-5956
Indonesian soy sauce is made using only soybeans as the nitrogenous source. Moromi obtained from fermentation of yellow soybeans using Aspergillus sojae as the starter was investigated. The fraction with molecular weights of less than 500 Da obtained by stepwise ultrafiltration was then fractionated by several chromatographic procedures, including gel filtration chromatography and RP-HPLC. Several chemical analyses, CE profiles, and taste profiles were performed to obtain the most intense umami fraction. The main components eliciting or enhancing the umami taste present in the fraction were purified and identified by protein sequencing, ESI-MS, and (1)H NMR at 400 MHz. Besides free l-glutamic acid and aspartic acid, free aromatic amino acids such as l-phenylalanine and l-tyrosine may also play an important role in impressing savory or umami taste of Indonesian soy sauce at their subthreshold concentrations and in the presence of salt and free acidic amino acids. This is reported as a new phenomenon of the so-called bitter amino acids. 相似文献
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Takuya Shiraishi Hideo Hoshi Koki Eimori Takeshi Kawanishi Ken Komatsu Masayoshi Hashimoto Kensaku Maejima Yasuyuki Yamaji Shigetou Namba 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2011,77(4):269-272
Helleborus net necrosis virus (HeNNV) in hellebores (Helleborus spp.) has been detected for the first time in Japan. Infected plants had black streaks on fresh leaves and black spots on
sepals, which resembled the symptoms of black death disease. The morphology of the virus particles isolated from infected
plants was comparable to that of carlaviruses. RT-PCR analysis showed that the entire HeNNV genomic sequence isolated in Japan
shared 99% identity with that of HeNNV previously reported in the United States. 相似文献
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Kensaku Maejima Misako Himeno Osamu Netsu Kazuya Ishikawa Tetsuya Yoshida Naoko Fujita Masayoshi Hashimoto Ken Komatsu Yasuyuki Yamaji Shigetou Namba 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2014,80(2):176-183
Sharka disease, caused by plum pox virus (PPV), is the most serious viral disease of stone fruit trees. Among the eight known strains of the virus, PPV-D is the most important due to its recent global spread. Although enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is the most common approach for diagnosing sharka, it involves time-consuming steps and requires expensive equipment and trained technicians. In this study, an on-site PPV detection kit based on immunochromatography was developed using polyclonal antibodies against the coat protein (CP) of a PPV-D isolate. The immunochromatographic (IC) assay kit was as sensitive as a commercial ELISA system for detecting Japanese PPV-D isolates. Moreover, it was easy to use (a one-step procedure), and results could be obtained on-site within 15 min without special laboratory equipment. The IC assay kit detected the virus from every aerial part of symptomatic Japanese apricot trees. In a detailed study of viral localization in leaves, the most suitable plant parts for use in the IC assay were symptomatic mesophyll tissues and the region from the petiole to the main vein. A positive reaction was also observed using the CP of other major (PPV-M and PPV-Rec) and minor (PPV-EA, PPV-W, and PPV-T) strains. 相似文献
9.
Yugo Kitazawa Osamu Netsu Takamichi Nijo Tetsuya Yoshida Akio Miyazaki Shinichiro Hara Yukari Okano Kensaku Maejima Shigetou Namba 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2014,80(6):499-503
Since 2006, a commercial grower in Japan has noted a leaf blight symptom on potted cosmos plants grown in a field. In August 2012, a Pseudomonas-like bacterium was isolated from the symptomatic leaves and found to cause the same symptom on cosmos seedlings after inoculation. On the basis of bacteriological and phylogenetic analyses, the causative bacterium was identified as Pseudomonas cichorii. This is the first report of bacterial leaf blight on cosmos caused by P. cichorii in Japan. 相似文献
10.
Golbar HM Izawa T Kuwamura M Okamura K Fujita D Tagami Y Sasai H Yamate J 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2011,24(4):233-237
A neoplastic nodular lesion consisting of an admixture of granular cell tumor and adenocarcinoma was found in the uterus of a 26-month-old Djungarian hamster. Neoplastic cells of the uterine adenocarcinoma showed an epithelial nature in their growth patterns and by cytokeratin-immunopositive reaction, exhibiting nuclear pleomorphism. The granular cells had an abundant amount of fine granular eosinophilic cytoplasm and eccentric or central nuclei with no nuclear atypia; the granular structures were positive for periodic acid-Schiff with diastase resistance and were confirmed as lysosomes/autophagosomes by electron microscopy; immunohistochemically, the cells reacted to desmin, vimentin and α-smooth muscle actin and negatively for neurogenic, histiocyte/macrophage or epithelial markers, indicating smooth muscle origin. Because these tumors were generated from different cell origins, a diagnosis of collision tumor was made. 相似文献