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1.
OBJECTIVE: To examine stress-related neurohormonal and metabolic effects of butorphanol, fentanyl, and ketamine administration alone and in combination with medetomidine in dogs. ANIMALS: 10 Beagles. PROCEDURE: 5 dogs received either butorphanol (0.1 mg/kg), fentanyl (0.01 mg/kg), or ketamine (10 mg/kg) IM in a crossover design. Another 5 dogs received either medetomidine (0.02 mg/kg) and butorphanol (0.1 mg/kg), medetomidine and fentanyl (0.01 mg/kg), medetomidine and ketamine (10 mg/kg), or medetomidine and saline (0.9% NaCI) solution (0.1 mL/kg) in a similar design. Blood samples were obtained for 6 hours following the treatments. Norepinephrine, epinephrine, cortisol, glucose, insulin, and nonesterified fatty acid concentrations were determined in plasma. RESULTS: Administration of butorphanol, fentanyl, and ketamine caused neurohormonal and metabolic changes similar to stress, including increased plasma epinephrine, cortisol, and glucose concentrations. The hyperglycemic effect of butorphanol was not significant. Ketamine caused increased norepinephrine concentration. Epinephrine concentration was correlated with glucose concentration in the butorphanol and fentanyl groups but not in the ketamine groups, suggesting an important difference between the mechanisms of the hyperglycemic effects of these drugs. Medetomidine prevented most of these effects except for hyperglycemia. Plasma glucose concentrations were lower in the combined sedation groups than in the medetomidine-saline solution group. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Opioids or ketamine used alone may cause changes in stress-related biochemical variables in plasma. Medetomidine prevented or blunted these changes. Combined sedation provided better hormonal and metabolic stability than either component alone. We recommend using medetomidine-butorphanol or medetomidine-ketamine combinations for sedation or anesthesia of systemically healthy dogs. 相似文献
2.
Ishida M Ono K Taguchi S Ohashi S Naito J Horiguchi K Harigaya T 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2004,50(5):515-523
Gene expressions and their interaction are complex and have not been definitely clarified in the placenta. To identify interactions of gene products previously not studied, we applied cDNA subtraction analyses to the placenta between days 12 and 16, days 12 and 14, days 14 and 16 of pregnancy. Among subtracted cDNAs cathepsin M, Q and R in PECs were specifically identified on days 14 and 16 pregnancy. All of these gene expressions exhibited a similar pattern to the mPL-II gene expression determined by northern blot and RT-PCR analyses. By means of in situ hybridization, these mRNAs were localized in the basal and labyrinth zones of the placenta on day 16 of pregnancy. Double staining studies of cathepsin Q or cathepsin R mRNA by in situ hybridization followed by immunohistochemical staining of mPL-II in the same section revealed that signals for cathepsin Q and cathepsin R mRNAs were colocalized in mPL-II immunopositive trophoblast cells in the basal and labyrinth zones of the placenta on day 16 of pregnancy. Possible association of cathepsins with mPL-II may play important roles in placental functions during the latter half of pregnancy in mice. 相似文献
3.
Ana C. Fulladolsa Palma Rajitha Kota Amy O. Charkowski 《American Journal of Potato Research》2013,90(4):306-312
Vegetative propagation of potato leads to virus accumulation, resulting in significant yield losses and reduced quality. Virus identification is critical for developing disease management strategies and measuring seed lot health. The most widely used method of virus diagnosis in seed potatoes is a post-harvest test, for which the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is often used. ELISA was previously modified by substituting microtiter plates with membranes to develop a more flexible and inexpensive assay. We optimized a dot-blot immunoassay with viral proteins bound to a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane and detection of the proteins with alkaline phosphatase-labeled antibodies and a chemiluminescence reagent. The assay was tested for detection of viruses of seven genera. We have also altered the assay by spotting an antibody array onto a PVDF membrane and tested it for its potential uses as a diagnostic tool for Potato virus Y, Hosta virus X, and Potato leafroll virus. 相似文献
4.
Cekani M Papa A Kota M Velo E Berxholi K 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2008,175(2):276-278
The prevalence of Coxiella burnetii antibodies in domestic ruminants in Albania has been investigated. A total of 1656 serum samples taken from sheep, goats, and cattle housed on farms located in 20 different districts were tested by ELISA for the presence of specific antibodies to C. burnetii phase I and II antigens. Specific IgG antibodies were detected in 9.1% of the animals from both lowland and mountainous areas. In total, a slightly higher percentage of antibodies was detected in sheep and goats (9.8%) than in cattle (7.9%). 相似文献
5.
Anion exchanger 1 (AE1) is the most abundant integral membrane protein in red cells and is essential for maintaining red cell mechanical stability. However, the mechanism for the assembly of AE1 into the membrane skeletal network remains unknown. Several mutants of murine AE1 tagged with an N-terminal enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) and/or an extracellular FLAG epitope inserted adjacent to the N-glycosylation site were prepared, and their expression was analyzed in HEK293 or COS-1 cells by immunofluorescence microscopy, biotinylation, and deglycosylation. The EGFP- and FLAG-tagged AE1 mutant, as well as the wild-type AE1, exhibited cell surface expression in transfected cells and showed a rapid internalization that appeared to occur through the early endosome into the Golgi apparatus. Interestingly, the form of the protein with an endoglycosidase H (endo H)-sensitive N-glycan was the major component of EGFP-tagged and wild-type AE1. By contrast, the polypeptide with an endo H-resistant oligosaccharide was the predominant form of FLAG-tagged AE1. These data demonstrate that the processing of N-glycan is not a prerequisite to cell surface expression of AE1 and suggest that the FLAG tag insertion altered the accessibility of the N-glycan to enzymes in the Golgi which facilitate processing of oligosaccharides. Although whether this structural alteration would affect the structural and functional properties of AE1 remains unknown, cell surface expression and endocytic internalization of FLAG-tagged AE1 mutants indicate that these mutants are suitable for studying the mechanisms of the assembly and plasma membrane insertion of AE1. 相似文献
6.
Naoki Isobe Shoko Matsukawa Kota Kubo Kazutoshi Ueno Toshihisa Sugino Takahiro Nii Yukinori Yoshimura 《Animal Science Journal》2020,91(1)
The present study was conducted to examine whether colostrum supplementation in peripartum goats increases the antimicrobial peptides in their milk. Goats were orally administered 2 ml of colostrum whey products (colostrum group) or water (control group) daily, from 2 weeks before until 2 weeks after kidding. Body weights of mothers and kids were measured. Blood, milk, and fecal samples were collected from the mothers, and blood samples were collected from the kids. Concentrations of milk antimicrobial peptides (beta‐defensin, cathelicidin, lactoferrin, S100A7, lactoperoxidase, and immunoglobulin A [IgA]) were determined. IgA and nutritional parameters (glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, ketone bodies, and non‐esterified fatty acids) were also determined in the blood of mothers and kids. Milk IgA and lactoferrin concentrations were higher in the colostrum group than in the control group. Conversely, lower milk concentrations of S100A7 were observed in the colostrum group than that in the control group. Plasma IgA concentrations were higher for kids from the colostrum group than for those from the control group. These results suggest that oral administration of colostrum in pregnant goats increases IgA concentration in postpartum milk, which can subsequently improve the health of their kids. 相似文献
7.
Rui Kano Takayuki Yano Kota Nagamatsu Haruhiko Maruyama Hiroshi Kamata Atsuhiko Hasegawa 《Research in veterinary science》2009,87(1):64-66
The effect of down-regulation of Mcl-1 expression by small interfering RNA (siRNA) against the canine Mcl-1 gene on apoptosis was investigated by transfecting CF33 (canine mammary gland tumor cell line) with siRNA using cationic liposomes. The siRNA against canine Mcl-1 increased the rate of apoptotic cells and decreased the numbers of viable cells. Further, sequence-specific down-regulation of Mcl-1 expression was measured by real time-PCR and Western blot analysis. The siRNA directed against the Mcl-1 gene reduced both the mRNA and protein expression in the CF33. Our study suggests the importance of Mcl-1 in canine mammary tumors for inducing apoptosis and reinforces using Mcl-1 as a putative therapeutic target in canine mammary gland tumor. 相似文献
8.
Morita T Takahashi M Takeuchi T Hikasa Y Ikeda S Sawada M Sato K Shibahara T Shimada A 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(11):1119-1126
Intracerebral microdialysis combined with electroencephalographic recordings was performed on 4 dogs of a familial idiopathic epileptic Shetland sheepdog colony to identify the kinds of neurotransmitters responsible for seizure activity. Immunohistochemistry using glutamate (Glu), glutamate transporter (GLT-1 and GLAST), and glutamine synthetase (GS) antibodies was also carried out on the cerebrum of four familial dogs that died of status epilepticus (SE). High values for extracellular levels of Glu and aspartate (ASP) were detected in association with an increased number of spikes and sharp waves during hyperventilation in 3 of 4 the familial epileptic dogs. The values of other amino acids analyzed were not altered in any of the familial epileptic dogs. Immunohistochemically, Glu-positive granules were occasionally found in the perineuronal spaces of the cerebral cortex in 3 of the familial epileptic dogs that died of SE. Immunostains for GLT-1 antibody predominantly decreased in the cerebral cortex and lateral nucleus of the thalamus in all the dogs that died of SE, whereas there were no differences detected in immunolabellings for GLAST and GS antibodies between familial epileptic dogs and controls. These results suggest that an extracellular release of both Glu and Asp may play an important role in the occurrence of seizure activity in this epileptic colony, and that a decreased expression of astrocytic GLT-1 may be related to development of SE. 相似文献
9.
Yusuke Kuroda Yumiko Hoshikawa Kota Irie Masayuki Kimura Kazuya Takeuchi Satoshi Furukawa 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2022,35(1):95
Although spontaneous development of seminoma is rare in medaka, we encountered spontaneous testicular tumors located within the abdominal cavity in two adult medakas. The growth patterns of the tumors were a combination of solid and cord arrangements in one of the two cases (Case I) and lobular in the other case (Case II). The tumor cells resembled the cells at different stages of spermatogenesis, and a small number of oocyte-like cells were also scattered within the tumor. The tumor with solid and cord patterns showed loss of normal testicular architecture, and the tumor cells had partly invaded the dorsal muscular tissue and metastasized to the liver, kidney, and eye. The tumor with a lobular pattern did not exhibit local invasion or metastasis. The tumors were diagnosed as seminomas based on their histopathological characteristics, and the tumor in Case I was observed to be more malignant than that in Case II. 相似文献
10.
Yamaoka Hideyoshi Takatsu Tetsuya Suzuki Kota Kobayashi Naoto Ooki Atsushi Nakaya Mitsuhiro 《Fisheries Science》2019,85(6):1077-1087
Fisheries Science - Annual and seasonal changes in the abundance and the assemblage of planktonic copepods and appendicularians were clarified in Funka Bay. Zooplankton samples were obtained by... 相似文献