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Makesh Marappan Aathithya Rengarajan Venkata Satyanarayana Nallala Krishna Sukumaran Aritra Bera Thirugnamurty Sivaramakrishnan Govindarajan Thiagarajan Muniyandi Kailasam Vijayan Koyadan Kizhakedath 《Journal of fish diseases》2019,42(2):249-256
Viral nervous necrosis (VNN) affects more than 120 species mostly belonging to the order Perciformes. However, none of the brackishwater species belonging to the family Cichlidae under the order Perciformes are reported to be susceptible. Hence, the present experiment was undertaken to study the susceptibility of the brackishwater cichlid, pearlspot, Etroplus suratensis to NNV. Thirty‐day‐old pearlspot larvae were infected with NNV by immersion. Mortality was recorded till 14 days post‐infection, and the infected larvae were subjected to nested RT‐PCR and histology. The virus was isolated from infected larvae using SSN‐1 cells. To study the replication of the virus in vitro, primary cultured brain cells of E. suratensis and IEK cells were infected with NNV. No mortality was observed in any of the control or experimentally infected larvae. However, the experimentally infected larvae were positive for NNV by nested RT‐PCR and the virus was isolated using SSN‐1 cells. Further, the infected pearlspot brain cells and IEK cells showed cytopathic effect at second and third passage of the virus and they were positive for NNV by nested RT‐PCR. Pearlspot is relatively resistant to VNN although the virus could replicate in the larvae and in cell culture. 相似文献
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This is the first report on occurence of the leaf beetle, Tricliona nr nigra (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) from India infesting pomegranate, Punica granatum L. Preliminary observations on general biological aspects and feeding damage of T. nr nigra have been conducted. The beetles occurred in large numbers and the nature of damage was mainly through surface scraping. 相似文献
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The objective of this study was to determine the effect of age, body size and sex on feeding rate of the predatory coccinellid Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). The body size of the adult C. montrouzieri did not influence the feeding rate in either sex and the large body size was more common in both sexes. A significant increase in feeding (4.64 mealybugs/ day) and excretion (47.91 excreta deposits/ day) was observed in females compared with males (2.47 mealybgs/ day and 25.78 excreta deposits/ day, respectively) under mated conditions. The feeding rate throughout adulthood showed an inverse trend with age in both sexes and the curvilinear relationship explained much of the variability in the feeding response in relation to age. The feeding differences in relation to age, body size as well as sex of adult C. montrouzieri are discussed in detail. 相似文献
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Thirumalaiandi Ramasubramanian Mariappan Paramasivam Ramabhadran Jayanthi 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2012,223(9):6045-6050
A rapid, simple, sensitive and cost-effective analytical method has been standardised to determine the residues of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam in soil. This method does not require any cleanup with costly sorbents. The recoveries of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam obtained in this no-cleanup method were on par with the protocol involving primary?Csecondary amine-based cleanup. This method requires less volume of solvent (20?mL of acetonitrile/sample) and is suitable for high throughput analyses involving large number of samples. The limit of quantification of the method was 0.01???g/g. Dissipation kinetics of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam in the soils of sugarcane ecosystem was studied by adopting this rapid method. The half-life of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam was 9.07 and 6.22?days when applied at 70 and 100?g a.i./ha, respectively. The dissipation of both the neonicotinoids followed first-order kinetics with good fit. 相似文献
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The aim of this work was to study the degradation of three azo dyes, Orange II, Methyl red and Biebrich Scarlet by electro-Fenton and the effect of the electrochemical pretreatment on the biodegradability of the solutions. The electrochemical pretreatment showed that an electrochemical reduction on the carbon felt electrode was mainly responsible for the decolorization of the azo dyes. Indeed, the electrochemical behaviour of the azo dyes highlighted their electroactivity; electrolysis with and without ferric ions led to the same decolorization yield, namely 99 % at 15 min for Methyl red, and stable chemical oxygen demand (COD) values were recorded during decolorization. In a second step and owing to the absence of by-product electroactivity in reduction, the formation of hydroxyl radicals by the Fenton reaction led to the oxidation of by-products from the electrochemical reduction. It was illustrated by the decrease recorded for the COD values. The results also showed that the azo bond cleavage occurring during the electrochemical reduction was not sufficient to significantly reduce recalcitrance, as shown from biological oxygen demand (BOD)5/COD ratio examination below the limit of biodegradability (0.4). Contrarily, a positive trend was recorded for Orange II during the electro-Fenton reaction, with a BOD5/COD ratio of 0.81 after 28 h of pretreatment. 相似文献
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Christopher M. U. Neale Harikishan Jayanthi James L. Wright 《Irrigation and Drainage Systems》2005,19(3-4):321-336
This paper offers a historical retrospective on the remote sensing of crop coefficients for obtaining actual crop evapotranspiration.
We present the canopy reflectance-based approach of crop coefficients and show the usefulness of high-resolution airborne
imagery as a tool for monitoring the actual crop growth changes and characterizing in-field variability in an objective manner. 相似文献
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Baradevanal Gundappa Chander Subhash Jayanthi P. D. Kamala Singh H. S. Reddy D. Srinivasa 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2021,128(3):853-863
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Considering the quarantine importance of the red-banded mango caterpillar, Deanolis sublimbalis (Crambidae: Lepidoptera), studies were carried out to... 相似文献
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Jayanthi Marappan Balasubramaniam Ambattaiyanpatti Anathaikamatchi Suryaprakash Sakkarai Ravisankar Thiagarajan Duraisamy Muthusamy Manimaran Kuppusamy Muralidhar Moturi Aritra Bera Puthiavan Ramasamy Sivagnanam Shanmugam 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(5):2112-2124
The selection of aerators and correct numbers can play an essential role in reducing the cost of production in aquaculture. The new generation aerators, namely spiral leaf, air‐jet, submersible and impeller, used in aquaculture, were assessed for its aeration efficiency and energy cost compared with the commonly used paddle wheel aerator. Of the aerators tested, the impeller had the highest aeration efficiency of 2.098 kg O2/kW hr, followed by paddle wheel with 1.436 kg O2/kW hr at 20‰ salinity. The spiral and air‐jet aerators had maximum aeration efficiency of 1.326 and 1.419 kg O2/kW hr, respectively, at 35‰ salinity. The submersible aerator was not efficient as its maximum efficiency was 0.380 kg O2/kW hr. The water flow by paddle wheel was 3 ft/sec and also provides better coverage than other types of aerators. The efficiency of aerators was high in optimum salinities (20‰ and 35‰) than the low or high saline condition. The average energy cost of shrimp pond aeration per hectare was lowest for impeller, followed by paddle wheel aerator. The study provided economic comparisons of vannamei culture using different aeration systems by keeping a uniform set of economic assumptions. Shrimp farms with impellors can give 14%–25% high returns across salinities, whereas spiral leaf can provide 5% high returns at 35‰ salinity. The combination of the type of aerators and the calculated use based on the salinity of the culture systems can result in energy‐saving and also a reduction in the production cost. 相似文献