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1.
Patricia Yumi Morimoto Kofuji Atsushi Akimoto Hidetsuyo Hosokawa & Toshiro Masumoto 《Aquaculture Research》2005,36(7):696-703
Seasonal variations in pepsin, trypsin and chymotrypsin activities and protein digestibility were studied in yellowtails (Seriola quinqueradiata) reared for 1 year with extruded diets containing different levels of protein. Trypsin and chymotrypsin storage levels in the digestive tissues of starved fish were affected by seasonal changes in water temperature. Actual digestion activities of trypsin and chymotrypsin were low at lower water temperatures, but pepsin activity in the stomach tissue was not affected by low temperatures. On the other hand, trypsin and chymotrypsin activities in the intestinal contents were higher during lower water temperature months, while pepsin activity in the stomach contents was low at lower water temperatures. Apparent protein digestibility (APD) did not differ among the dietary treatments in the higher water temperature months, while in colder months it was higher in fish fed diet 1 than in fish fed diets 2 and 3. The APD values reflected pepsin activity in the stomach contents in all sampling months. Therefore, lower APD in colder months seems to be attributed to lower protease activity in the gastric digesta, implying that enhanced pepsin secretion from the stomach tissue might improve protein digestibility and growth performance in yellowtails during winter. 相似文献
2.
M A Luke H T Masumoto T Cairns H K Hundley 《Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists》1988,71(2):415-433
During a 5 year period from 1982 to 1986, the FDA Los Angeles District Laboratory analyzed 19,851 samples of domestic and imported food and feed commodities for pesticide residues. A single, rapid, multiresidue method was used. The resultant data have been compiled showing the commodities sampled and the identity and range of levels of pesticide residues detected, including an indication of those residue findings that did not comply with U.S. federal tolerance levels. The residue data presented should not be viewed as being representative of the U.S. food supply; rather, the results are indicative of a surveillance- and compliance-oriented sampling of various food shipments collected by the Los Angeles District. 相似文献
3.
Junpei Shinagawa Haruka Morino Toshiro Masumoto Haruhisa Fukada 《Fisheries Science》2017,83(4):607-617
Because a diet rich in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is beneficial to human health, it is desirable for yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata intended for human consumption to contain a high amount of DHA. We investigated the effects on the growth and fatty acid composition of yellowtail of replacing some of the pollack liver oil (PO) in the yellowtail diet with a DHA-rich tuna oil (TO). Experimental diets were prepared in which PO was replaced with 0, 15, 30, and 60% TO. Replacement of PO with TO did not negatively affect growth in a 16-week trial. In contrast, the feed efficiency of the group that received 60% TO was significantly higher than that of the control group after 6 weeks. The DHA level in the whole fish body increased with increasing dietary TO level. The groups that received 30 and 60% TO replacement diets showed significantly higher DHA levels than those of the control group. DHA level in the fillet was significantly higher in the group that received 60% TO than in the control group. DHA retention tended to increase with increasing TO level. These results show that utilizing TO as a fat source can increase DHA accumulation without incurring any adverse effects on the growth of yellowtail. 相似文献
4.
Pallab Kumer Sarker Shuichi Satoh Haruhisa Fukada & Toshiro Masumoto 《Aquaculture Research》2009,40(2):225-232
Non-faecal phosphorus (P) was determined for large yellowtail to estimate a minimum available P requirement (Experiment 1) and to justify inorganic P supplementation in a fish meal-based diet (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, purified diets with incremental P concentrations were fed to yellowtail (mean weight 917 g) at a feeding rate of 1.5% of body weight. The peaks of non-faecal P excretion appeared 5–6 h after feeding in fish fed more than 4.5 g available P kg−1 dry diet. Broken-line analysis indicated that the minimum available P requirement was 4.4 g kg−1 dry diet. In Experiment 2, a purified diet (PR) containing 6.5 g available P kg−1 and a fish meal-based diet with (F1) and without (F0) additional phosphorus were fed to yellowtail (mean weight 1.1 kg) at 1.5% (PR) and 2% (F0 and F1) feeding rates respectively. There was no significant difference in P excretion between fish fed the F0 (5.5 g soluble P kg−1 dry diet) and the PR diet. However, significantly higher (34.5%) amounts of non-faecal P excretions (7.4 g soluble P kg−1 dry diet) were found in fish fed F1 compared with the F0 diet. This suggested that there was an excess of dietary P in the F1 diet and that supplementation is not needed in fish meal-based diets for large yellowtail. 相似文献
5.
Two experiments were conducted for red sea bream (Pagrus major). In experiment 1, the optimum level of glutamic acid and natural feeding stimulants to enhance feed intake were determined and found that glutamic acid level of 0.5% and fish meat hydrolysate (FMH) were effective. In experiment 2, fish were fed with soy protein concentrate (SPC)‐based diet with synthetic feeding stimulants (Basal diet), the Basal diet with FMH (FMH diet), the FMH diet with glutamic acid (FMHG diet) and with fish meal diet (FM diet) as a control until satiation for 8 weeks. Feed intake of FMHG‐fed fish was significantly higher than others (p < 0.05). Specific growth rate and the feed conversion ratio of FMHG were comparable to those of FM‐fed fish (p > 0.05). Relative visceral fat ratio and crude lipid content of any SPC‐based diet‐fed fish tended to be lower than those of FM diet‐fed fish. There were no significant differences in trypsin and lipase activities hepatopancreas among treatments. SPC can be utilized as a sole protein source in a diet for red sea bream. The lower growth performance in SPC‐based diet‐ fed fish was not due to poor digestive enzyme secretion but could be associated with lipid utilization disorder. 相似文献
6.
Haruhisa Fukada Takahiro Furutani Rie Shimizu Toshiro Masumoto 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(5):511-521
Beneficial utilization of yuzu (Citrus junos) peel was investigated to improve the commercial value of cultured yellowtail fish. The antioxidant effects of grated yuzu peel from pomace (yuzu paste) on prevention of dark muscle discoloration during storage in sliced yellowtail fish were tested. Four diets were prepared, containing 0, 10, 50, and 100 g yuzu paste in a 1,450-g diet (wet basis). Fish were fed one of the four diets for 10 weeks. Growth performance was not significantly different among the dietary groups, but fish fed a diet containing 100-g yuzu paste showed the least average body weight and a significant increase in fecal amount and fat levels in the feces, which suggest low digestibility and low absorption. Dark muscle discoloration was significantly reduced in all yuzu dietary groups compared to the control group during storage at 4°C. The optimal supplementation of yuzu paste in the fish diet is very effective at maintaining fish flesh freshness as a finishing diet without causing additional phosphorus or nitrogen pollution of the sea and inhibiting fish growth. This study provides a new way to utilize waste yuzu peel, which also helps reduce waste from yuzu processing. 相似文献
7.
Urbanization is expanding in and around small to medium-sized cities as well as in large cities, and the expansion includes low-lying areas where the flood risk is high. Flood risk in small watersheds has been evaluated using precise mathematical models. However, these models cannot be applied to larger basins due to the complexity of data collection and analysis. As a result, quantitative evaluations of flood risk at macro scales and the flood-prevention function of paddies around urban areas have not been made. This paper proposes a method and an index that can be used to evaluate the flood-prevention function of paddies on a regional scale. In addition, the use of this system for basin-wide management is illustrated by an example for the Kinu and Kokai rivers, which are tributaries of the Tone River of Japan. The applicability of the approach is evaluated using data from a major flood that occurred in the study area. 相似文献
8.
Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) plays an important role in fish growth. This study investigated the IGF1 response to various nutritional conditions in yellowtail. First, we cloned 1,075 bp of yellowtail IGF1 cDNA, which codes for a protein of 185 amino acids (aa). This is composed of 44 aa for the signal peptide; 68 aa for the mature peptide comprising the B, C, A, and D domains; and 73 aa for the E domain. The mature yellowtail IGF1 showed high identity to IGF1 of other teleosts. Insulin-like growth factor 1 mRNA expression in the liver and white muscle was measured to observe the IGF1 response to various nutritional conditions, because the liver has the highest IGF1 expression and white muscle comprises the largest fraction of the fish body. Only white muscle IGF1 mRNA expression decreased significantly by 3 wk of fasting and recovered by refeeding. In subsequent feeding ratio (1%, 2%, and 3%/BW/d) experiments, significant correlations to growth were observed in white muscle IGF1 mRNA expression at 2- and 6-wk points and in hepatic IGF1 mRNA expression at 4 wk point. These data suggest that IGF1 expression both in hepatic and white muscle is important for somatic growth in yellowtail. Furthermore, white muscle IGF1 mRNA expression showed better responses to somatic growth and nutrition status in our two experiments than hepatic IGF1 mRNA expression. 相似文献
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10.
Patricia Yumi Morimoto Kofuji Hidetsuyo Hosokawa & Toshiro Masumoto 《Aquaculture Research》2006,37(4):366-373
Feeding trials were carried out to examine substances that could be used as supplements in low‐protein/high‐lipid diets to improve protein digestion of yellowtails (Seriola quinqueradiata) during winter. Dietary supplementation with synthetic or natural (krill and squid extracts) feeding stimulants (FS) improved feed intake and growth performance of yellowtails. Moreover, the apparent protein digestibility (APD) and pepsin, trypsin and chymotrypsin secretions in fish fed diets supplemented with the different FS were superior to those in fish fed the control diet. These findings suggest that the dietary inclusion of either synthetic or natural FS is a potential tool for improving protein digestion at low water temperatures, and may provide a promising solution for the winter growth retardation experienced in yellowtail culture. 相似文献