Feeding behavior of feedlot lambs fed diets containing levels of cassava wastewater     

Paula de Aguiar Silva  Gleidson Giordano Pinto de Carvalho  Aureliano José Vieira Pires  Stefanie Alvarenga Santos  Douglas dos Santos Pina  Robério Rodrigues Silva  Carlindo Santos Rodrigues  Luis Henrique Almeida de Matos  Carlos Emanuel Eiras  Daiane Novais-Eiras  Wilson Souza Nunes 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(4):721-726

In this study, we evaluated the effects of including cassava wastewater in the diet on the feeding behavior of feedlot lambs in 35 male uncastrated Santa Inês × Dorper crossbred lambs at an approximate age of 3 months, with an average live weight of 20.0?±?3.4 kg. Diets were formulated with hay of cassava shoots (roughage) and a concentrate based on corn and soybean, with a roughage:concentrate ratio of 50:50, plus inclusion of cassava wastewater at the levels of 0, 12, 24, 36, or 48 g/kg of the total diet. Feeding behavior was evaluated between the 46th and 52nd days of the experiment. Increasing cassava wastewater levels in the diet reduced (P?<?0.05) the intakes (kg/day) of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber as well as the efficiency of rumination (g/cud and g/h) of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber. The other behavioral parameters were not affected by wastewater inclusion in the diet. Therefore, the inclusion of up to 48 g/kg of cassava wastewater on fresh matter of diets is not recommended for feedlot lambs.  相似文献   

Feed preference and growth response of juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei to supplementation of marine chemoattractants in a fishmeal‐challenged diet     

Alberto J. P. Nunes  Hassan Sabry‐Neto  Severino Oliveira‐Neto  Lena Burri 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2019,50(6):1048-1063

This study compared the feed preference and growth response of Litopenaeus vannamei to chemoattractants. A diet with 3% fishmeal was supplemented with either 3% salmon meal (POS), 3% soy protein concentrate (NEG), 3% krill meal (KRM), 3% squid meal (SQM), 3% shrimp head meal (SHM), 3% shrimp meal (SM), 3% squid liver meal (SLM), or 5% liquid sardine hydrolysate (SAH). Shrimp with a body weight (BW) of 0.99 ± 0.08 g were stocked at 100 animals/m² in 56 tanks of 1 m³ and fed 10 times daily for 74 days. Feed preference was evaluated by feeding shrimp of 10.87 ± 1.82 g in excess twice a day for 10 days in two separate feeding trays allocated in 50 tanks of 0.5 m³. Survival reached 93.3 ± 5.80% and was unaffected by supplementation. Final BW was the highest for shrimp fed the KRM‐supplemented diet (11.97 ± 0.93 g), followed by POS (11.11 ± 0.77 g) and SQM (11.01 ± 1.17 g). Diets SHM, SM, SLM, and NEG showed a lower shrimp BW than POS, but were not statistically different among them. Shrimp fed the SAH diet achieved the lowest BW (10.06 ± 1.02 g). The highest gained yield was obtained with diets KRM and POS. No statistical difference was observed in shrimp yield among other diets. The lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) was achieved with shrimp fed KRM (1.31 ± 0.05) when compared to diets SHM (1.47 ± 0.05), SAH (1.47 ± 0.07), and SLM (1.45 ± 0.17). Two‐by‐two comparisons indicated that shrimp preferred SHM and KRM, except when these were compared to SQM and SLM. No difference in feed preference was found between diets with SQM and SLM. SAH was the least preferred raw material in all comparisons. Results indicated that KRM acts as a powerful feeding effector and growth enhancer in fishmeal‐challenged diets for whiteleg shrimp. A dietary supplementation with 3% KRM is more effective than the same dose of any other chemoattractant evaluated.  相似文献   

Production,chemical composition,and fatty acid profile of milk from buffaloes fed with cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum) cake and murumuru (Astrocaryum murumuru) cake in the Eastern Amazon     

André Guimarães Maciel e Silva  Suely Cristina Gomes de Lima  Pedro Danilo de Oliveira  Michel dos Santos Moraes  Célia Maria Costa Guimarães  Jamile Andréa Rodrigues da Silva  Alexandre Rossetto Garcia  Benjamim de Souza Nahúm  Lilaine de Sousa Neres  Gerlane Nunes Noronha  José de Brito Lourenço Júnior 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13576

The objective was to evaluate the effect of concentrate supplementation using by-products of the Amazonian industry on milk production, milk composition, and milk fatty acid profile of dairy buffaloes. Twelve lactating buffaloes (544.5 ± 35.6 kg, 6.4 ± 2.2 years old, 59 ± 6 days in milk) were allotted in a pasture of Mombaça grass and managed under rotational grazing (4 days occupancy/28 days rest). A 3 × 3 Latin square was adopted, and each animal alternately received three supplementary treatments based on corn bran + soybean meal or cupuaçu cake or murumuru cake for 21 days per treatment. Murumuru cake increased the levels of lauric acid and myristic acid in the milk (p < 0.05). Murumuru cake reduced the unsaturated fatty acid contents in the milk compared with animals fed control diet or cupuaçu cake (24.27% vs. 25.24% vs. 25.08%). The n-6/n-3 ratio was 2.6, 1.97, and 2.0 in the control, cupuaçu, and murumuru groups, respectively. Based on this parameter, cakes made from cupuaçu as well as murumuru could be considered to be adequate for inclusion in dairy water buffalo feed. However, the murumuru cake addition requires some caution because its use induces the secretion of higher levels of lauric and myristic fatty acids that are related to human cardiovascular disease.  相似文献   

Composition and fatty acid profile of milk from cows supplemented with pressed oilseed cake          下载免费PDF全文

Ronaldo Lopes Oliveira  Severino Gonzaga Neto  Francisco Helton Sa de Lima  Ariosvaldo Nunes de Medeiros  Leilson Rocha Bezerra  Elzania Sales Pereira  Adriana Regina Bagaldo  Caius Barcellos de Pellegrini  Braulio Rocha Correia 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(10):1225-1232

This study compared the productive and nutritional parameters of milk from crossbred lactating cows managed on Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. Tanzania and with a diet supplemented with different pressed oilseed cakes. The supplements used were as follows: peanut cake, sunflower cake and palm kernel cake for replacement of soybean meal. Sixteen cows with an average weight of 544 ± 57 kg and producing 8 ± 1.4 L of milk per day were used in this study. The animals were randomly assigned to the treatments according to a Latin square design repeated over time, with four treatments, 16 animals and four experimental periods. Supplementation of the diet with peanut cake, sunflower cake and palm kernel cake compared with soybean meal in the diet of cows did not affect the average daily production or composition of the milk. The palm kernel cake promoted an increase in lauric fatty acids (C_12:0) and palmitoleic acids (C_16:1) (5.02 and 1.65%, respectively) compared with peanut cake and sunflower cake (4.13 and 4.01%, respectively). The levels of oleic fatty acids (C_18:1) were higher for the sunflower cake and palm kernel cake supplements (26.01 and 25.01%, respectively) compared with peanut cake (23.11%). The replacement of soybean meal with sunflower cake and palm kernel cake improved the nutritional quality of the milk, with lower concentrations of saturated fatty acids and higher concentrations of unsaturated fatty acids, without compromising the production or nutritional composition of the milk. © 2015 Japanese Society of Animal Science  相似文献   

Requirements of protein for maintenance and growth in ram hair lambs     

Elzania Sales Pereira  Rildson Melo Fontenele  Ariosvaldo Nunes de Medeiros  Ronaldo Lopes Oliveira  Ana Claudia Nascimento Campos  Eduardo Luiz Heinzen  Leilson Rocha Bezerra 《Tropical animal health and production》2016,48(7):1323-1327

  相似文献   

Canine squamous cell carcinoma: Electrochemotherapy association with surgery and correlation with overall survival     

Rúbia Monteiro de Castro Cunha  Gleidice Eunice Lavalle  Fernanda Camargo Nunes  Ayisa Rodrigues de Oliveira  Renato de Lima Santos  Roberto Baracat de Araújo 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2023,21(2):240-254

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is an important malignancy in dogs, due to its incidence and clinical presentation, which can be of locally aggressive single or multiple lesions with a metastatic potential. The objective of this investigation was to evaluate SCC response to treatment, anatomopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics, disease-free interval and overall survival time. 54 dogs with histopathologically diagnosed SCC were included in this study. Their mean age was 9.16 years with a range of 1–14 years. Of the 54 animals in the study, 34 (65.4%) had white skin and white fur coats. There was a significant correlation between fur coat colour and the development of tumours in areas of sun exposure (p = .001). Animals with tumours in areas of the body exposed to the sun had longer overall survival time than animals with tumours in areas not associated with sun exposure (p = .001). Surgery combined with electrochemotherapy (ECT) yielded a survival rate 32% higher than using a surgical approach alone (HR = 0.32, p = .038, IC = 0.11–0.94). ECT, with or without surgery, had an objective response rate of 90.9%. Local lymph node and/or distant site metastasis at diagnosis, or at some point during follow-up, occurred in 34.6% (18/52) of animals. Animals with tumours in sun exposed locations had more aggressive histopathological characteristics but had longer overall survival time. This is probably due to individualised therapeutic treatment with both surgery and ECT.  相似文献   

Nutritional Enhancement of Biocontrol Activity of Candida sake (CPA-1) against Penicillium expansum on Apples and Pears     

Carla Nunes  Josep Usall  Neus Teixidó  Miguel Miró  Immaculada Viñas 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2001,107(5):543-551

Pome fruits are poor in nitrogenous compounds and the addition of nitrogen can improve colonisation of the fruits by antagonists. Twenty-two nitrogenous compounds were evaluated for their effect on Candida sake (CPA-1) growth in vitro. Ten compounds that induced greater growth were applied with the antagonist to wounded fruits to evaluate their effect on enhancing control of Penicillium expansum. Calcium chloride and 2-deoxy-D-glucose were also tested. L-serine and L-aspartic acid enhanced biocontrol by C. sake against P. expansum on apples. On apples and pears, ammonium molybdate, calcium chloride and 2-deoxy-D-glucose improved the capacity of the antagonist to control P. expansum. The addition of ammonium molybdate at 1 mM allowed C. sake to be used on apples and pears at a lower concentration without diminishing control. Similar results were observed with the addition of calcium chloride to the antagonist. 2-deoxy-D-glucose at 6 and 18 mM enhanced biocontrol on pears by over 81%, but on apples the improvement of biocontrol was observed only at 6 mM. In cold storage, the combination of ammonium molybdate and C. sake completely eliminated the incidence of blue mould on pears, and reduced its severity and incidence by more than 80% on apples.  相似文献   

Histomorphometry and quantification of nucleolar organizer regions in bovine thyroid containing methylthiouracil residues     

Serakides R  Nunes VA  Santos RL  Cassali GD  Costa Neto PP 《Veterinary pathology》1999,36(6):574-582

In order to study the morphology and morphometry and to characterize and quantify the nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) of bovine thyroids containing methylthiouracil (MTU) residues, five animals were orally treated with a suspension of MTU (5 g/animal/day) for 20 days (group A). This treatment protocol was interrupted 5 days before the the animals were slaughtered. Six animals receiving placebos composed group B. A third group (group C) was composed of normal thyroids obtained from a slaughterhouse. All glands were previously assessed for detection of antithyroid residues by chromatography, and only those glands from MTU-treated animals were positive. Follicles of glands from group A showed wide variation in size and shape. There was a predominance of small follicles covered by multiple layers of columnar cells, sometimes forming papillary projections into the lumen, characterizing severe interfollicular and intrafollicular adenomatosis. Many follicles had vacuolated cells with nuclei showing karyolysis or pyknosis and reduced amounts of a low-density and very excavated colloid. They also showed higher follicular epithelia and larger proportions of their structural components when compared with glands of groups B and C. In the thyroids from group A, the argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region-associated proteins (AgNORs) were greater in number, with small ones scattered all over the nucleus. Although the size of AgNORs in thyroids from groups B and C was variable, these AgNORs were fewer and larger than were those in glands from group A. In conclusion, the MTU induces proliferation and regressive changes in follicular cells, and the AgNOR technique is efficient to distinguish different degrees of thyroid hyperplasia.  相似文献   

Not classical homeopathy          下载免费PDF全文

Drosdovech M  Neumann S  Evans D  Blake S  Peck LS  Yearout DR  Ulbrich B  Facinelli J  Delgado R  Hoberg L  Harman J  Sthamann M  Lindsay M  Kwong H  Lampru A  Lamb J  Stagmeier K  Doyle JL  Elliot J  Siemon L 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2002,43(12):908-909

  相似文献   

Improved Control of Postharvest Decay of Pears by the Combination of Candida sake (CPA-1) and Ammonium Molybdate     

Nunes C  Usall J  Teixidó N  Abadias M  Viñas I 《Phytopathology》2002,92(3):281-287

ABSTRACT The potential enhancement of Candida sake (CPA-1) by ammonium molybdate to control blue and gray mold caused by Penicillium expansum and Botrytis cinerea, respectively, on Blanquilla pears was investigated. In laboratory trials, improved control of blue and gray molds was obtained with the application of ammonium molybdate (1, 5, 10, and 15 mM) alone or in combination with C. sake at 2 x 10(6) or 2 x 10(7) CFU ml(-1) on Blanquilla pears stored at 20 degrees C. In semicommercial trials at 1 degrees C for 5 months, the efficacy of C. sake at 2 x 10(6) CFU ml(-1) on reducing P. expansum and B. cinerea decay was enhanced more than 88% with the addition of ammonium molybdate 5 mM in the 1999-2000 season. In two seasons, the performance C. sake at 2 x 10(6) CFU ml(-1) plus ammonium molybdate was similar to or greater than that of C. sake at 2 x 10(7) CFU ml(-1). Similar control of blue mold was obtained on pears stored under low oxygen conditions. The preharvest application of ammonium molybdate did not reduce postharvest blue mold decay. The population of C. sake on pear wounds significantly decreased in the presence of ammonium molybdate 1 and 5 mM at 20 and 1 degrees C.  相似文献