Prediction of pine mistletoe infection using remote sensing imaging: A comparison of the artificial neural network model and logistic regression model     

Ayhan Usta  Murat Yilmaz 《Forest Pathology》2023,53(1):e12783

In this study, the prediction of pine mistletoe distribution in Scots pine ecosystems was explored using remote sensing variables to compare the multilayer perceptron (MLP) artificial neural network (ANN) and logistic regression (LR) model performances. For this purpose, 109 sample plots were distinguished in pure Scots pine forests (natural) in the Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey. Distinguishing mistletoe-infected stands (69) and uninfected stands (40) was performed with field observations. The variables acquired from Landsat 8 (Level 1) images were used as independent variables for independent-sample t-test, MLP ANN and LR models. Remote sensing variables indicated that mistletoe-infected stands were in drier areas with a lower vegetation-leaf area index. Based on the performance results of both models, the sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy of the MLP ANN model were superior to those of the LR model. The prediction percentages (SEN, SPE, PPV and NPV) of mistletoe-infected stands were better than the prediction percentages of uninfected stands. The prediction accuracies of LR and MLP ANN models were 74.3% and 89.6%, respectively. However, all remote sensing variables were included in the prediction equation of the MLP ANN model, while the thermal infrared 1 (TIRS1) variable was included in the LR model. In the MLP ANN model, the TIRS1 variable also had the highest normalized importance (100%). The area under the curve (AUC) value for identifying the mistletoe-infected stands of Scots pine forests used by the MLP ANN model (0.892 ± 0.034) was higher than in the LR model (0.838 ± 0.039), explaining the more accurate predictions obtained from the MLP ANN model. The MLP ANN model showed much better performance than the LR model. The results of this study are expected to make important contributions to the identification of potential mistletoe-infected areas.  相似文献   

Granulomatous conjunctivitis in an ostrich     

Saroglu M  Yucel R  Aktas M 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2003,6(4):337-339

Ostriches lack meibom glands, but have small lacrimal glands ventral to the lateral canthus, with ductules that open into the inside of the lower eyelid. Chalazion is a chronic granulomatous inflammation of the meibom glands that may develop from blockage of the ductules into the conjunctiva. A 2-year-old female ostrich presented with chronic granulomatous conjunctivitis, with clinical and histopathologic findings similar to chalazion of other species. The granulomatous dacryoadenitic mass was excised and no recurrence occurred at 4 months. This is the first case of chronic granulomatous conjunctivitis reported in the ostrich.  相似文献   

Mammary fibroadenoma in a lamb     

M. Yavuz Gulbahar  Tolga Guvenc  Murat Yarim  Yonca B. Kabak  Yuksel Sozgen 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2007,8(4):423-425

A fibroadenoma was diagnosed in the left udder of a 3-month-old female Chios lamb. No recurrence was observed after surgery. Grossly, the tumor had a whitish-gray lobular appearance, and the lobules were interlaced with thin septa. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of proliferating fibroepithelial tissue, including differentiated ducts lined by whorls and interlacing bundles of abundant loose fibrovascular stroma. Immunohistochemistry revealed the ductal epithelium to be positive for pancytokeratin (AE1/AE3) and loose fibrovascular stroma was positive for vimentin and basal cells covering the ductal epithelium of alpha-smooth-muscle actin. Immunostaining for the estrogen and progesterone receptors was negative. A diagnosis of mammary fibroadenoma was made based on the histological and immunohistochemical findings.  相似文献   

Evaluation of propolis effects on some biochemical parameters in rats treated with sodium fluoride     

Gokhan Eraslan  Murat Kanbur 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2007,88(3):273-283

The present study in which 42 female rats, each weighing 200−250 g, were used covered a period of 21 days. The animals were divided into six groups. The first group served as the control group, whereas Group 2 was administered propolis at a dose of 200 mg/kg/bw in drinking water for 21 days. Group 3 was first provided with normal drinking water for a period of 14 days, and was subsequently administered propolis at a dose of 200 mg/kg/bw in drinking water for 7 days. Group 4 was first given normal drinking water for 14 days, and was secondly administered 100 ppm fluoride as a sodium fluoride in drinking water for 7 days. Group 5 was first administered propolis alone at a dose of 200 mg/kg/bw in drinking water for 14 days, and was secondly administered 100 ppm fluoride in association with 200 mg/kg/bw propolis for 7 days. Finally, Group 6 was first provided with normal drinking water for 14 days, and was secondly administered 100 ppm fluoride in association 200 mg/kg/bw propolis for a period of 7 days. At the end of the 21st day, blood samples were collected from the heart of each animal into both heparinised tubes and tubes without anticoagulants. Glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, total protein, and uric acid levels, and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities in the serum, as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the plasma, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were measured. When compared to the control group, statistical differences were determined to exist with respect to oxidative stress parameters which involved increase in MDA levels in Groups 4−6, decrease in SOD activity in Groups 4 and 6, increase in CAT activity in Groups 5 and 6, and decrease in GSH-Px activity in Groups 4 and 6. Furthermore, in comparison to the control group, significant differences were observed with respect to certain serum biochemical parameters, including decrease in glucose levels in Groups 5 and 6, decrease in triglyceride levels in Groups 2 and 4, decrease in cholesterol levels in Groups 2 and 5, decrease in the total protein level of Groups 4−6, decrease in the ALT activity of Groups 5 and 6, increase in the AST activity of Group 4, decrease in the ALP activity of Groups 2−6 and increase in the uric acid level of Group 2. In the groups that were administered propolis in association with fluoride, improvement was observed in some oxidative stress parameters and certain other biochemical parameters. Changes determined in the oxidative stress parameters (especially MDA and SOD) were indicative of the anti-radical activity of propolis on the free radicals generated by sodium fluoride. However, the values not drawing completely close to those of the control group can be explained with propolis not being able to completely eliminate the free radicals and the other adverse effects generated by fluoride.  相似文献   

Effects of varying nitrogen doses on yield,yield components and artemisinin content of Artemisia annua L.     

Menşure Özgüven  Bilge Şener  Ilkay Orhan  Nazım Şekeroğlu  Muzaffer Kirpik  Murat Kartal  Ipek Peşin  Zülküf Kaya 《Industrial Crops and Products》2008,27(1):60-64

Artemisia annua L. is an aromatic-antibacterial herb that destroys malarial parasites, lowers fevers and checks bleeding, and of which the secondary compound of interest is artemisinin. The objective of the present study was to determine yield, yield components and artemisinin content of A. annua L. grown under four nitrogen applications (0, 40, 80 and 120 kg ha⁻¹) in the Çukurova region of Turkey in 2004 and 2005. Field trials were conducted at Çukurova University, Agricultural Faculty Field Crops Department. In the study, plant height, number of branches, fresh herbage yield, dry herbage yield, fresh leaf yield, dry leaf yield, essential oil content and artemisinin content (by high performance liquid chromatography, HPLC) were examined. By analysis of variance, nitrogen doses had no any statistical effect on the traits investigated except for artemisinin content. Artemisinin content of the dried leaves were significantly affected by nitrogen applications, which varied from 6.32 to 27.50 mg 100 g⁻¹. Contents were from 120 and 80 kg ha⁻¹ nitrogen for the years of 2004 and 2005, respectively.  相似文献   

A preliminary study on the utilization of hazelnut meal as a substitute for fish meal in diets of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.)     

Y&#;lmaz Emre  Hüseyin Sevgili  & Murat &#;anl&#; 《Aquaculture Research》2008,39(3):324-328

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Electrical stimulation of lumbar spinal nerve roots in dogs     

Erkut Turan  Cengiz Unsal  Mehmet Utkan Oren  Omer Gurkan Dilek  Ismail Gokce Yildirim  Murat Sarierler 《Veterinary research communications》2014,38(3):229-235

The aim of this study was to test the applicability of electrical stimulation of lumbar spinal nerve roots and obtain normative electrical root stimulation (ERS) data for L7 nerve root and sciatic nerve in dogs. For that purpose ERS and sciatic nerve stimulations were performed consecutively, in totally 40 healthy dogs. ERS was applied in the L7/S1 intervertebral space via monopolar needle electrodes. Muscle responses were recorded from the gastrocnemius muscles on the left and right hind limbs. Sciatic nerve stimulation was performed at the greater trochanter level on the left hind limb, with records obtained from the left gastrocnemius muscle. Mean root latencies of the left and right side were 5.22?±?0.49 ms and 5.29?±?0.53 ms, respectively. There was no significant difference in root latency between the right and left sides. The mean terminal latency was 3.82?±?0.46 ms. The proximal motor nerve conduction velocity of the sciatic nerve was 63.15?±?3.43 m/s. The results of this study show that ERS provides objective data about the integrity of lumbar spinal nerve roots by evaluating the entire population of motor fibres and total length of the motor axon in dogs. ERS can be considered a useful diagnostic method for confirmation of diagnoses of lumbosacral diseases.  相似文献   

Risk factors for occupational brucellosis among veterinary personnel in Turkey     

Murat Kutlu  Onder Ergonul  Selda Sayin-Kutlu  Tumer Guven  Cemal Ustun  Sema Alp-Cavus  Serife Barcın Ozturk  Ozlem Acicbe  Serife Akalin  Recep Tekin  Suda Tekin-Koruk  Yusuf Ziya Demiroglu  Ramazan Keskiner  Ibak Gönen  Sevil Sapmaz-Karabag  Vuslat Bosnak  Esra Kazak 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2014

Veterinarians and veterinary technicians are at risk for occupational brucellosis. We described the risk factors of occupational brucellosis among veterinary personnel in Turkey. A multicenter retrospective survey was performed among veterinary personnel who were actively working in the field. Of 712 veterinary personnel, 84 (11.8%) had occupational brucellosis. The median number of years since graduation was 7 (interquartile ranges [IQR], 4–11) years in the occupational brucellosis group, whereas this number was 9 (IQR, 4–16) years in the non-brucellosis group (p < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, working in the private sector (odds ratio [OR], 2.8; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.55–5.28, p = 0.001), being male (OR, 4.5; 95% CI, 1.05–18.84, p = 0.041), number of performed deliveries (OR, 1.01; 95% CI, 1.002–1.02, p = 0.014), and injury during Brucella vaccine administration (OR, 5.4; 95% CI, 3.16–9.3, p < 0.001) were found to be risk factors for occupational brucellosis. We suggest that all veterinary personnel should be trained on brucellosis and the importance of using personal protective equipment in order to avoid this infection.  相似文献   

Effects of ascorbic acid enrichment by immersion of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum 1792) eggs and embryos     

Bahram Falahatkar  Konrad Dabrowski  Murat Arslan  & Jacques Rinchard 《Aquaculture Research》2006,37(8):834-841

This study was conducted to examine the effects of different forms and concentrations of ascorbic acid (vitamin C), and different enrichment times (24 and 48 h post ovulation) on egg, embryo and alevin ascorbate concentrations and survival of rainbow trout (enrichment was at the ova stage). In experiments 1 and 2, fertilized eggs were immersed in water containing ascorbate at 0 (control), 100, 1000 mg L^?1 l ‐ascorbic acid (AA) and 2000 mg L^?1 l ‐ascorbyl monophosphate (AP). In experiment 3, 0 (control), 500 and 1000 mg L^?1 AA neutralized (N) with NaOH, 1000 mg L^?1 AA non‐neutralized (NN), 1000 and 2000 mg L^?1 AP immersions were used. The mean total ascorbic acid (TAA) and dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) concentrations were measured before fertilization, at 3 and 24 h after fertilization, at the eyed stage, and in hatched alevins. We observed significant differences in TAA concentration at different immersion levels at 3 and 24 h after fertilization. Survival decreased significantly depending on the level of vitamin C, pH of the solutions and immersion time. We suggest that when broodstock rainbow trout do not have enough vitamin C in their ovaries, immersion of eggs in 1000 mg L^?1 of neutralized AA may be useful.  相似文献   

Acute Toxicity of Synthetic Pyrethroid Cypermethrin on the Common Carp (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Cyprinus carpio</Emphasis> L.) Embryos and Larvae     

Rahmi?Ayd?nEmail author  Kenan?K?prücü  Mustafa?D?rücü  Sibel??im?ek?K?prücü  Murat?Pala 《Aquaculture International》2005,13(5):451-458

In this study, the toxic effects on the embryos and larvae of the common carp were used as a model to investigate the synthetic pyrethroid pesticide, cypermethrin, which contaminates aquatic ecosystems. Data obtained from the cypermethrin acute toxicity tests were evaluated using the Probit Analysis Statistical Method. The control and eight test experiments were repeated five times. The number of dead embryos significantly increased in response to cypermethrin concentrations 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 2, 4 and 8 μg l⁻¹ (p<0.05 for each case). The 48 h LC₅₀ value (with 95% confidence limits) of cypermethrin for common carp embryos was estimated at 0.909 (0.256–5.074) μg l⁻¹. Dose–response decreases in hatching success were recorded as 87.4, 85.0, 80.2, 71.4, 56.3, 48.6, 38.8 and 23.5%, respectively. The lowest concentration of cypermethrin (0.0001 μg l⁻¹) produced a significant increase in the number of dead larvae compared to the control group (p<0.05). The number of dead larvae significantly increased with increasing cypermethrin concentrations exposed for 1–96 h (p<0.05). The highest concentration (8 μg l⁻¹) showed the highest larvae mortality. The 96 h LC₅₀ value (with 95% confidence limits) of cypermethrin for common carp larvae was estimated at 0.809 (0.530–1.308) μg l⁻¹. The results of the study suggest that low levels of cypermethrin in the aquatic environment may have a significant effect on the reproduction and development of carp.  相似文献