Comparison of intraoperative cardiorespiratory and behavioral responses to medetomidine combined with tramadol or butorphanol during standing laparoscopic ovariectomy in horses     

Ahram KIM  Naoki SASAKI  Inhyung LEE  Jong-pil SEO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(4):643

The purpose of this study was to assess the cardiorespiratory and behavioral responses to the combination of medetomidine and tramadol (M-T) or butorphanol (M-B) in standing laparoscopic ovariectomy in horses. One ovary was removed under M-T and the contralateral ovary was removed under M-B with at least 4 weeks between operations at random. Horses were sedated using intravenous medetomidine (5 µg/kg) followed by tramadol (1 mg/kg) or butorphanol (10 µg/kg) after 5 min. Sedation was maintained through the repeated injection of medetomidine (1 µg/kg) and tramadol (0.4 mg/kg) or medetomidine (1 µg/kg) and butorphanol (4 µg/kg) every 15 min. Cardiorespiratory function and behavioral responses, including, sedation, ataxia, and analgesia, were assessed during the surgery. There were no significant differences in cardiorespiratory values and sedation and analgesia scores between M-T and M-B. Ataxia scores were significantly lower in M-T than in M-B. This result suggests that M-T could maintain smooth and stable standing surgery with minimal cardiorespiratory changes in horses.  相似文献   

Comparison of N-terminal pro-atrial natriuretic peptide and three cardiac biomarkers for discriminatory ability of clinical stage in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease     

Mizuki OGAWA  Yasutomo HORI  Nobuyuki KANNO  Naoki IWASA  Takeshi TOYOFUKU  Noriko ISAYAMA  Akane YOSHIKAWA  Ryota AKABANE  Atsushi SAKATANI  Hirosumi MIYAKAWA  Huai-Hsun HSU  Yuichi MIYAGAWA  Naoyuki TAKEMURA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(4):705

Plasma N-terminal pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (NT-proANP) concentration increases with progression of myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) in dogs. This multicentre, prospective study compared plasma NT-proANP, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), ANP, and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) concentrations in dogs with MMVD for their characteristics and discriminatory ability to detect cardiac dilatation and congestive heart failure (CHF). Thirty-six healthy dogs and 69 dogs with MMVD were included. Clinical variables were obtained via physical examination, thoracic radiography, and echocardiography. The discriminatory ability of each cardiac biomarker (CB) to determine the presence or absence of cardiac dilatation (event 1) and CHF (event 2) was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic curves. Plasma NT-proANP, NT-proBNP, and ANP concentrations showed a significant association with the left atrium/aorta ratio (P<0.01). The area under the curve of plasma NT-proANP and NT-proBNP concentrations were 0.72 and 0.75, respectively in event1 and 0.72 and 0.76, respectively in event2. Plasma NT-proANP and NT-proBNP concentrations showed sensitivity 80.0 and 80.0%; specificity 67.6 and 64.7% in event1 (cutoff value; 8,497.81 pg/ml and 1,453.00 pmol/l, respectively) and sensitivity 85.7 and 81.0%; specificity 60.4 and 64.6% in event2 (cutoff value; 8,684.33 pg/ml and 1,772.00 pmol/l, respectively). In dogs with MMVD, plasma NT-proANP, NT-proBNP, and ANP concentrations increase with left atrial enlargement. Particularly, plasma NT-proANP and NT-proBNP concentrations appeared to be equally useful in the discriminatory ability to detect cardiac dilatation and CHF.  相似文献   

Changes in the expression of toll-like receptor mRNAs during follicular growth and in response to lipopolysaccharide in the ovarian follicles of laying hens     

Subedi K  Isobe N  Nishibori M  Yoshimura Y 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2007,53(6):1227-1235

The aim of this study was to determine the changes in the mRNA expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in hen ovarian follicles during follicular growth and in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). White follicles and the fifth largest to largest follicles (WF and F(5)-F(1), respectively) were collected from laying hens. To examine the effects of LPS, the laying hens were treated intravenously with LPS (1 mg/kg BW) 0, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h before examination. Expressions of TLRs and IL-1beta in the theca and granulosa layers were examined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Immunocytochemistry was performed to identify immunoreactive TLR-4. The theca layer expressed TLR-2, TLR-4, TLR-5 and TLR-7, whereas the granulosa layer expressed only TLR-4 and TLR-5. The expression of TLR-4 and TLR-5 in the theca layer increased significantly during follicular growth. In the granulosa layer, the expression of TLR-5 increased, but that of TLR-4 was unchanged. Expression of TLR-4 increased significantly during the period of 6 to 12 h of LPS treatment in the theca layer and during the period of 12 to 24 h in the granulosa layer of F(3). Immunoreaction products for TLR-4 were observed in theca interna and granulosa layers of WF and F(5)-F(1), with the greater amount observed in the theca interna. LPS treatment significantly increased expression of IL-1beta in the theca layer after 3 h and in the granulosa layer during the period of 12 to 24 h. These results suggest that TLRs are expressed in ovarian follicles and that TLR-4 and TLR-5 expression increase with the growth of follicles. Enhanced expression of TLR-4 and IL-1beta by LPS in the theca and granulosa layers suggests possible roles of TLR in recognition of microorganisms.  相似文献   

Production of novel alloplasmic male sterile lines in Allium cepa harbouring the cytoplasm from Allium roylei     

Hao Q. Vu  Machiko Iwata  Naoki Yamauchi  Masayoshi Shigyo 《Plant Breeding》2011,130(4):469-475

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Influences of indigenous phototrophs on methane emissions from a straw-amended paddy soil     

Naoki Harada  Shigeto Otsuka  Masaya Nishiyama  Satoshi Matsumoto 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2005,41(1):46-51

A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the influences of indigenous phototrophs on methane (CH₄) emissions from a paddy soil where rice straw was incorporated or was surface-applied. During the cultivation, half of the pots were covered with aluminum foil, except for the minimum space for rice plants, to prevent ambient light reaching the floodwater or the soil surface. Growth of oxygen-producing phototrophs was hardly observed in the unilluminated plots, whereas intensive growth of algae, duckweed and hydrophytes was found in the illuminated ones. Plant growth was not affected by the different treatments. Seasonal changes in CH₄ emission determined by a closed chamber method indicated that illumination had no or only minor effects on CH₄ emissions when rice straw was incorporated or was not applied, but significantly reduced CH₄ emissions when rice straw was surface-applied. Methanogenesis occurring in the soil-floodwater interface was further investigated in two lab-scale model experiments measuring methanogenic activity. As a result, more activated methanogenesis was found in the surface-applied rice straw and the soil around the straw compared with the soil incubated without rice straw. The magnitude of the methanogenic activity in the rice straw incubated under illuminated conditions was significantly lower than that incubated in the dark. Consequently, this study demonstrates that methanogenesis in paddy soil occurs even in the soil-floodwater interface if plant residues like rice straw exist, and such methanogenesis is likely to be suppressed by growth of indigenous phototrophs under illumination.  相似文献   

Regression tree analysis of the relationship between the concentrations of antimicrobial components and the microbiota of normal milk from dairy cows     

Yasunori SHINOZUKA  Naoki SUZUKI  Sohei KANEKO  Kazuhiro KAWAI  Tomomi KURUMISAWA  Yuko SHIMIZU  Tadashi IMANISHI  Ayumu OHNO  Mano TAKAHASHI  Naoki ISOBE 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2022,84(3):310

The purpose of this study was to determine the concentrations of antimicrobial components (immunoglobulin A (IgA), lactoferrin (LF), lingual antimicrobial peptide (LAP), and S100A7) in normal milk and their relation to host factors (Age, somatic cell count (SCC), days in milk, richness, and alpha diversity of the milk microbiota) in dairy cows using multivariate regression tree analyses, and to clarify how the milk microbiota is related to the obtained results. Thirty normal milk samples were collected from a commercial dairy farm in June 2020. The thresholds that predicted the concentration of each antimicrobial component in milk were obtained by regression tree analysis, and the beta-diversity of the milk microbiota composition between groups divided according to each threshold was compared by an analysis of similarities test. The IgA and LF concentrations were mainly predicted by the SCC (177,500 and 70,000 cells/ml, respectively), and the LAP and S100A7 concentrations were predicted by Age (29.667 and 40.3 months, respectively). No relationship was observed between the concentration of IgA, LAP, or S100A7 and the milk microbiota composition between the groups divided by the threshold for prediction, but the milk microbiota composition was significantly different between the groups divided by the threshold for predicting the LF concentration. Our results indicated that the LF concentration in normal milk may be associated with the milk microbiota composition.  相似文献   

Ceramide aminoethylphosphonate from jumbo flying squid Dosidicus gigas attenuates the toxicity of cyanotoxin microcystin-LR     

Masaharu Komatsu  Naoki Ichiyama  Takashi Kurimoto  Shota Takumi  Kazuhiro Shiozaki  Yasumasa Sugiyama  Tatsuhiko Furukawa  Seiichi Ando  Saki Itonori  Hiroaki Saito 《Fisheries Science》2013,79(2):313-320

We have previously established the method for isolation of ceramide aminoethylphosphonate (CAEP) from jumbo flying squid Dosidicus gigas. In this study, we performed a MTT assay to evaluate the safety of CAEP to the cell lines for the application to health food and supplements. The CAEP did not show any cytotoxicity to various HEK293-transfectant cells. Next, we elucidated the positive function of CAEP to the somatic cells. Recently, we have reported that hepatotoxin microcystin-LR was taken up into the hepatocytes mediated by hepatocellular uptake transporters OATP1B1 and OATP1B3, and the cells were induced cytotoxicity subsequently. Cytotoxicity of microcystin-LR to permanently OATP1B3-expressing HEK293-OATP1B3 cells rather than to HEK293-OATP1B1 cells was preferentially attenuated by CAEP in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, the enzyme activity of serine/threonine phosphatase, which was inhibited by microcystin-LR, was recuperated by co-exposure to CAEP. Furthermore, microcystin-LR-induced cellular protein phosphorylation were disrupted by CAEP exposure. These results suggested that CAEP is a promising remedy and/or preventive medicine for liver damage with microcystin-LR.  相似文献   

Nitrogen fertilization affects yields and storage compound contents in seeds of field-grown soybeans cv Enrei (Glycine max. L) and its super-nodulating mutant En-b0-1 through changing N2 fixation activity of the plants     

Hideo Hamaguchi  Naoki Yamamoto  Akinori Takeda  Takehiro Masumura  Tetsushi Azuma 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2020,66(2):299-307

ABSTRACT

We compared the protein and oil contents, seed yields, and natural abundance of ¹⁵N (σ¹⁵N) of seeds from the plants of the cultivar Enrei, which has moderate nodulating ability (Enrei) with those of its two near-isogenic lines (NILs), a super-nodulating genotype of Enrei, i.e., En-b0-1, and a non-nodulating genotype of Enrei, i.e., En1282. Plants of these three genotypes were grown on four types of field plots with different types of urea coated slow-release nitrogen (N) fertilizers (CUSLNFs) which delivered N in different manners during plant growth . The seed yield of the En1282 plants was similar to that of the Enrei plants but much greater than that of the En-b0-1 plants when the plants were grown on the field to which a CUSLNF with a long lifespan was applied. The amounts of protein per seed were positively correlated with those of oil per seed in the case of En1282 plants irrespective of the field N conditions. The seed protein contents were proportional to the seed weight in both En1282 and Enrei plants. Such a relationship was not observed in the En-b0-1 plants, and the protein and oil contents in the seeds of En-b0-1 plants were negatively correlated with each other. These observations suggested that the N supply to maturing seeds was a key to the protein contents in the En1282 and Enrei plants and that the C supply to maturing seeds was a key to the protein contents in the En-b0-1 plants. The comparison of the σ¹⁵N values, protein contents, and seed yields of seeds from En1282 plants suggested that the Enrei plants assimilated considerable amounts of N from the soil during the late plant growth. We concluded that high N₂ fixation activity depressed the amounts of oil per seed and changed the protein and oil contents in soybean seeds.  相似文献   

Characterization of ethylene biosynthesis and its regulation during fruit ripening in kiwifruit,Actinidia chinensis ‘Sanuki Gold’     

Eric G. Mworia  Takashi Yoshikawa  Naoki Yokotani  Tetsuo Fukuda  Katsuhiko Suezawa  Koichiro Ushijima  Ryohei Nakano  Yasutaka Kubo 《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2010,55(2):108-113

Ethylene biosynthesis in kiwifruit, Actinidia chinensis ‘Sanuki Gold’ was characterized using propylene, an ethylene analog, and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), an inhibitor of ethylene perception. In fruit harvested between a young stage (66 days after pollination) (DAP) and an early commercial harvesting stage (143 DAP), 2 days of exposure to propylene were sufficient to initiate ethylene biosynthesis while in fruit harvested at commercial harvesting stage (154 DAP), 4 days of propylene treatment were required. This observation suggests that response of ethylene biosynthesis to propylene treatment in kiwifruit declined with fruit maturity. Propylene treatment resulted in up-regulated expression of AC-ACO1, AC-ACO2, AC-SAM1 and AC-SAM2, prior to the induction of AC-ACS1 and ethylene production, confirming that AC-ACS1 is the rate limiting step in ethylene biosynthesis in kiwifruit. Treatment of fruit with more than 5 μL L^?1 of 1-MCP after the induction of ethylene production subsequently suppressed ethylene production and expression of ethylene biosynthesis genes. Treatment of fruit with 1-MCP at harvest followed with propylene treatment delayed the induction of ethylene production and AC-ACS1 expression for 5 days. These observations suggest that in ripening kiwifruit, ethylene biosynthesis is regulated by positive feedback mechanism and that 1-MCP treatment at harvest effectively delays ethylene production by 5 days.  相似文献   

Effects of body condition score in cows peripartum on the onset of postpartum ovarian cyclicity and conception rates after ovulation synchronization/fixed-time artificial insemination     

Yamada K  Nakao T  Isobe N 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2003,49(5):381-388

The aim of this study was to examine whether the nutritional state of cows peripartum was associated with the recovery of ovarian function and conception rates after synchronization of ovulation and fixed-time artificial insemination (OVSYNCH/TAI). The effect of the interval in days from calving to the first ovulation on conception rates after OVSYNCH/TAI was also investigated. Conception rates of cows after OVSYNCH/TAI (n=39) were 43.6%. The conception rates of cows with a body condition score (BCS) of 2.75-3.25 at 30 d postpartum and on the day of OVSYNCH treatment were significantly higher than in cows with a BCS < or =2.5 (P<0.05). The percentage of cows establishing ovarian cyclicity before 55 d postpartum in cows with a BCS of 2.75-3.25 at 30 d postpartum and on the day of OVSYNCH treatment were significantly higher than in cows with a BCS < or =2.5 (P<0.05). The conception rates after OVSYNCH/TAI in cows which recovered ovarian cyclicity within 34 d postpartum were significantly higher than in cows with first ovulation > or =56 d (P<0.05). These results indicated that the nutritional state in cows peripartum influenced the conception rates after OVSYNCH/TAI and the postpartum ovarian cyclicity and also suggested that the conception rates after OVSYNCH/TAI decreased in cows with delayed recovery of ovarian cyclicity.  相似文献