On farm observations to increase genetic gain in breeding schemes for village poultry production – A simulation study     

Thinh Tuan Chu  John W.M. Bastiaansen  Elise Norberg  Peer Berg 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2018,68(1):1-10

To improve genetic gain of breeding programs for village poultry production, breeding schemes with observations obtained in village production systems using individual (VIO) and group recording (VGO) were examined under different levels of genotype-by-environment-interactions (GxE). GxE was modeled by varying the correlation between traits measured in the breeding station and village environments for bodyweight (r_{g_BW}) and egg production (r_{g_EP}). Relative and absolute genetic gains obtained from VIO and VGO were used for comparison between the schemes. Results showed that village observations significantly improved genetic gains compared to the scheme without birds tested in the village. The improvement was only slightly larger with individual observations than with group observations. Higher r_{g_BW} and r_{g_EP} led to lower relative genetic gain, but a higher absolute gain of VIO and VGO. It is recommended to apply a breeding scheme using group recording of village performance when strong GxE in breeding for village poultry is expected.  相似文献   

Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Barodon on Growth Performance,Innate Immunity and Disease Resistance of Juvenile Olive Flounder,Paralichthys olivaceus,Against Streptococcus iniae     

Chang‐Hoon Shin  Hien Thi Dieu Bui  Samad Rahimnejad  Ji‐Hoon Cha  Byung‐Woo Yoo  Bo‐Kyeun Lee  Hyung‐Jin Ahn  Soo‐Il Choi  Yun‐Jeong Choi  Yong‐Ho Park  Jeong‐Dae Kim  Kyeong‐Jun Lee 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2014,45(3):258-268

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of Barodon, an anionic alkali mineral complex, on growth, feed utilization, humoral innate immunity and disease resistance of olive flounder. A basal experimental diet was used as a control and supplemented with 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, or 0.5% Barodon. Triplicate groups of fish (26.4 ± 0.2 g) were fed one of the diets to apparent satiation twice daily for 10 wk. The growth performance was enhanced (P < 0.05) linearly and quadratically in fish fed diets containing Barodon compared with that in fish fed the control. Feed utilization was significantly improved by Barodon supplementation. Serum lysozyme and antiprotease activities were increased quadratically in Barodon fed groups. Also, significantly higher superoxide dismutase activity was found in Barodon‐fed fish. Dietary supplementation of 0.1–0.3% Barodon resulted in significant enhancement of fish disease resistance against Streptococcus iniae. The findings in this study indicate that dietary supplementation of Barodon can enhance growth, feed utilization, innate immunity, and disease resistance of olive flounder and that the optimum level seems to be 0.1% in diets.  相似文献   

Differences in Ion Accumulation and Salt Tolerance among Glycine Accessions     

J. M. Lenis  M. Ellersieck  D. G. Blevins  D. A. Sleper  H. T. Nguyen  D. Dunn  J. D. Lee  J. G. Shannon 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2011,197(4):302-310

Salinity reduces crop yield by limiting water uptake and causing ion‐specific stress. Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is sensitive to soil salinity. However, there is variability among soybean genotypes and wild relatives for salt tolerance, suggesting that genetic improvement may be possible. The objective of this study was to identify differences in salt tolerance based on ion accumulation in leaves, stems and roots among accessions of four Glycine species. Four NaCl treatments, 0, 50, 75 and 100 mm , were imposed on G. max, G. soja, G. tomentella and G. argyrea accessions with different levels of salinity tolerance. Tolerant genotypes had less leaf scorch and a greater capacity to prevent Na⁺ and Cl^? transport from soil solution to stems and leaves than sensitive genotypes. Magnitude of leaf injury per unit increase in leaf Na⁺ or Cl^? concentrations was lower in tolerant than in susceptible accessions. Also, plant injury was associated more with Na⁺ rather than with Cl^? concentration in leaves. Salt‐tolerant accessions had greater leaf chlorophyll‐meter readings than sensitive genotypes at all NaCl concentrations. Glycine argyrea and G. tomentella accessions possessed higher salt tolerance than G. soja and G. max genotypes.  相似文献   

Temporal kinetics of bovine mammary IgG secretion into colostrum and transition milk     

Kasey M Schalich  Olivia M Reiff  Blake T Nguyen  Cassandra L Lamb  Cecilia R Mondoza  Vimal Selvaraj 《Journal of animal science》2021,99(5)

  相似文献   

Hepatitis E virus as an emerging zoonotic pathogen     

Woo-Jung Park  Byung-Joo Park  Hee-Seop Ahn  Joong-Bok Lee  Seung-Yong Park  Chang-Seon Song  Sang-Won Lee  Han-Sang Yoo  In-Soo Choi 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2016,17(1):1-11

Hepatitis E outbreaks are a serious public health concern in developing countries. The disease causes acute infections, primarily in young adults. The mortality rate is approximately 2%; however, it can exceed 20% in pregnant women in some regions in India. The causative agent, hepatitis E virus (HEV), has been isolated from several animal species, including pigs. HEV genotypes 3 and 4 have been isolated from both humans and animals, and are recognized as zoonotic pathogens. Seroprevalence studies in animals and humans indirectly suggest that HEV infections occur worldwide. The virus is primarily transmitted to humans via undercooked animal meats in developed countries. Moreover, transfusion- and transplantation-mediated HEV infections have recently been reported. This review summarizes the general characteristics of hepatitis E, HEV infection status in animals and humans, the zoonotic transmission modes of HEV, and HEV vaccine development status.  相似文献   

合浦县优质高产豇豆品种比较试验     

王英日  李团  贝近灵 《长江蔬菜》2016,(2):48-50

为筛选出适合广西合浦县种植的高产、优质、抗病的豇豆新品种,2015年特选6个豇豆品种与春宝1号进行比较试验。试验结果表明,恒丰8号、华珍8号和源丰6号为中熟品种,单荚性状较优,总产量和早期产量均较高,生长势和抗病毒性表现均较好,是适宜本地栽培的优良豇豆新品种,值得大面积推广;高优好777开花早,始花、结荚节位低,分枝起节位少,早熟性好,单荚性状中等,早期长势较好,抗寒性较强,但抗病毒性较差,适宜本地早春早熟栽培,可以适当推广。  相似文献   

Circulating neutrophil extracellular traps in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and cardiogenic arterial thromboembolism     

Ronald H. L. Li  Arianne Fabella  Nghi Nguyen  Joanna L. Kaplan  Eric Ontiveros  Joshua A. Stern 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2023,37(2):490-502

  相似文献   

Towards sustainable farming systems: Effectiveness and deficiency of the French procedure of sustainable agriculture   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Mohamed Gafsi  Bruno Legagneux  Genevive Nguyen  Patrice Robin 《Agricultural Systems》2006,90(1-3):226-242

There is a widespread consensus about the importance of sustainable agriculture. In France, the Farming Orientation Law of July 1999 has set down a precise procedure for the implementation of sustainable agriculture: the contrat territorial d’exploitation – or territorial farm contract (TFC). This paper aims to analyse the TFC effectiveness. An analysis has been made of the TFCs signed in the Midi-Pyrenees Region in south-western France, using statistical analysis and qualitative surveys of a sample of farms. The results show that the most valuable effects have been mainly economic. Effects regarding social and environmental aspects were very limited. But from the point of view of an integrated approach, indirect effects of TFCs can be observed on social and environmental aspects. These results are explained, on the one hand, by farmers’ motivations guided by economic objectives, and on the other hand, by the dominance of professional farming organisations in the implementation of TFC’s procedure. Given these results, two ways of improving the elaboration procedure for TFCs are proposed. Firstly, technical improvements can be made to the diagnostic assessment of farms, and to the choice of actions addressed by the contract. Secondly, organisational improvements can be applied to TFCs elaboration and implementation process, in order to adopt a participatory approach which would involve all rural stakeholders.  相似文献   

Responses in residual feed intake in lines of Large White pigs selected for growth rate on restricted feeding (measured on ad libitum individual feeding)     

N.H. Nguyen  C.P. McPhee  & C.M. Wade 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2005,122(4):264-270

Residual feed intake (RFI) represents the deviation of the actual ad libitum food consumption of each animal from that predicted from combination of growth rate, backfat and metabolic body weight measurements. After 4 years of divergent selection of pigs in lines for either high or low postweaning growth rate on restricted feeding, the high line exhibited a significant reduction in RFI relative to the low line. This indicated, to some extents, a lower energy requirement for maintenance in the high than in the low line, possibly because of reduced physical activity of the animals. Estimates of genetical parameters showed that RFI was moderately heritable and those genetic correlations of RFI with carcass backfat and food conversion ratio were moderate to highly positive.  相似文献   

Contact and fumigant activities of constituents of Foeniculum vulgare fruit against three coleopteran stored‐product insects     

Do‐Hyoung Kim  Young‐Joon Ahn 《Pest management science》2001,57(3):301-306

The insecticidal activities of materials derived from the fruit of fennel, Foeniculum vulgare, against adults of Sitophilus oryzae, Callosobruchus chinensis and Lasioderma serricorne were examined using direct contact application and fumigation methods. The biologically active constituents of the Foeniculum fruits were characterized as the phenylpropenes (E)‐anethole and estragole, and the monoterpene (+)‐fenchone, by spectroscopic analysis. Responses varied with insect species, compound, dose and exposure time. In a filter paper diffusion test, estragole at 0.168 mg cm^?2 caused 91% mortality to S oryzae adults within 1 day after treatment (DAT), whereas (+)‐fenchone and (E)‐anethole gave over 90% mortality at 2 and 4 DAT, respectively. Against C chinensis adults, all test compounds revealed potent insecticidal activities at 0.021 mg cm^?2 at 2 DAT. Against L serricorne adults at 0.105 mg cm^?2, (E)‐anethole gave 100% mortality at 1 DAT, whereas 90 and 60% mortality at 4 DAT was achieved with estragole and (+)‐fenchone, respectively. In a fumigation test, the test compounds were much more effective against adults of S oryzae, C chinensis and L serricorne in closed cups than in open ones, indicating that the insecticidal activity of test compounds was largely attributable to fumigant action. As naturally occurring insect‐control agents, the F vulgare fruit‐derived materials described could be useful for managing field populations of S oryzae, C chinensis and L serricorne. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献