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Application of low altitude remote sensing (LARS) platform for monitoring crop growth and weed infestation in a soybean plantation 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Grianggai Samseemoung Peeyush Soni Hemantha P. W. Jayasuriya Vilas M. Salokhe 《Precision Agriculture》2012,13(6):611-627
Crop growth and weed infestation in a soybean field were monitored by processing low altitude remote sensing (LARS) images taken from crane-mounted and unmanned radio controlled helicopter-mounted platforms. Images were taken for comparison between true color (R?CG?CB) and color-infrared (NIR) digital cameras acquired at different heights above ground. All LARS images were processed to estimate vegetation-indices for distinguishing stages of crop growth and estimating weed density. LARS images from the two platforms (low-dynamic and high-dynamic) were evaluated. It was found that crane-mounted RGBC and NIRC platforms resulted in better quality images at lower altitudes (<10?m). This makes the crane-mounted platform an attractive option in terms of specific low altitude applications at an inexpensive cost. Helicopter-mounted RGBH and NIRH images were found suitable at altitudes >10?m. Comparison of NDVIC and NDVIH images showed that NDVI values at 28 DAG (days after germination) exhibited a strong relationship with altitudes used to capture images (R 2 of 0.75 for NDVIC and 0.79 for NDVIH). However, high altitudes (>10?m) decreased NDVI values for both systems. Higher R 2 values (??0.7) were also obtained between indices estimated from crane-and helicopter-mounted images with those obtained using an on-ground spectrometer, which showed an adequate suitability of the proposed LARS platform systems for crop growth and weed infestation detection. Further, chlorophyll content was well correlated with the indices from these images with high R 2 values (>0.75) for 7, 14, 21 and 28 DAG. 相似文献
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Gunasekhar Nachimuthu Mark D. Watkins Nilantha R. Hulugalle Timothy B. Weaver Lloyd A. Finlay Bruce E. McCorkell 《Soil Use and Management》2019,35(3):443-452
Leaching with deep drainage is one of the loss pathways of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in cropping fields. However, field studies in irrigated row cropping systems are sparse. A 3‐year investigation on C and N leaching associated with deep drainage was overlaid on a long‐term experiment on tillage practices and crop rotations in Australia. The treatments included cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) monoculture and cotton–wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) or maize (Zea maize L.) rotations with maximum or minimum tillage. The deep drainage C and N concentrations at 0.6 and 1.2 m depth were measured after furrow irrigation with ceramic cup samplers during the 2014–15, 2015–16 and 2016–17 cotton seasons. Pre‐planting dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration in soil at 0.6–1.2 m depth during 2016–17 was 64 mg kg?1 for maximum tilled cotton monoculture, 36 mg kg?1 for minimum tilled cotton monoculture and 39 mg kg?1 for cotton–wheat, and in maize and cotton subplots 51 and 41 mg kg?1, respectively. Post‐harvest DOC values in soil were similar in all treatments (average of 32 mg DOC kg?1). Total organic carbon (TOC) losses in deep drainage were equal to 2%–30% of TOC gained in irrigation water. Oxidized N losses in deep drainage ranged from 0.7% to 12% of applied N (260 kg ha?1). NOx‐N concentrations in leachate under maize systems (20 mg L?1) were up to 73% lower than those in cotton systems (75 mg L?1). Maize sown in rotation with cotton can improve cotton yield, reduce N leaching and improve N use efficiency of subsequent cotton. 相似文献
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Nonnatus S. Bautista Duncan Vaughan A. H. M. Jayasuriya A. S. U. Liyanage Akito Kaga Norihiko Tomooka 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2006,53(3):631-640
The CC genome of Oryza is found in nine species of Oryza that are distributed on all continents having a tropical climate. Three diploid Oryza species with CC genome are found in Africa and Asia to Papua New Guinea. In southern South Asia these three CC genome diploid
species can be found, O. eichingeri and O. rhizomatis in Sri Lanka and O. officinalis in India. AA genome wild relatives of rice are also found in the same geographic region. Germplasm of both diploid CC and
AA genome Oryza germplasm has recently been collected from Sri Lanka. AFLP analysis was used to compare the genetic diversity of the two
Oryza genomes from a similar geographic region in southern South Asia. In addition, the diploid CC Oryza germplasm was also analyzed by RAPD and SSR methodologies and the combined results were analyzed. The results show that in
southern South Asia the diploid CC genome species have a high level of genetic diversity compared to the diploid AA genome
species. Molecular marker analysis revealed that populations of O. rhizomatis from northern and southeastern Sri Lanka are genetically differentiated. One accession of O. rhizomatis was aligned with O. eichingeri. This accession was collected from the site of O. rhizomatis that is the closest to a population of O. eichingeri. O. eichingeri showed lower genetic diversity than the other two diploid Oryza CC genome species. O. officinalis accessions from Assam, India, and China were genetically less diverged from O. eichingeri and O. rhizomatis than two accessions of O. officinalis from Kerala state, India.
The first two authors contributed equally to this research 相似文献
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This community forestry case study examines village forest councils (van panchayat) in India’s northern state of Uttarakhand. We describe forest stocking levels of 20 community forests and address the question of whether these forests are in a position to provide commodity resources, such as fuelwood and fodder, on a sustainable basis. In addition, we report on the perceptions of the villagers on whether their respective community forest is meeting their fuelwood and fodder needs. At the biophysical level, none of the community forests were in a position to provide fuelwood and fodder on a sustainable basis. Most forests did not have adequate overstory stocking, and there was no evidence of deliberate management to improve the situation. Interviews with 400 villagers (20 in each village) supported the field findings. Villagers unanimously reported that their respective community forest was inadequate in supplying commodity needs. Furthermore, they wished the Forest Department would provide more technical and financial assistance to guide them with forest management needs. Women are a critical part of community forestry as they are the primary gatherers of fuelwood and fodder. Although the perceptions of women toward forest management issues are important, our interviews with female villagers indicate they play a passive role in decision-making. Decentralization in natural resources management sounds good at the theoretical level as it provides villagers with some authority and autonomy, but it cannot be effectively implemented without professional guidance coupled with resources. The villagers are ready and willing to improve the situation, but they do not have the resources to make change unilaterally—they need professional and financial support from the Forest Department. 相似文献
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Amarasinghe K Chu PS Evans E Reimschuessel R Hasbrouck N Jayasuriya H 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(20):5084-5088
This paper describes the development of a fast method to screen and confirm methyltestosterone 17-O-glucuronide (MT-glu) in tilapia bile. The method consists of solid-phase extraction (SPE) followed by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The system used was an Agilent 6530 Q-TOF with an Agilent Jet stream electrospray ionization interface. The glucuronide detected in the bile was characterized as MT-glu by comparison with a chemically synthesized standard. MT-glu was detected in bile for up to 7 days after dosing. Semiquantification was done with matrix-matched calibration curves, because MT-glu showed signal suppression due to matrix effects. This method provides a suitable tool to monitor the illegal use of methyltestosterone in tilapia culture. 相似文献
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M. Zeid J.K. Yu I. Goldowitz M.E. Denton Denise E. Costich C.T. Jayasuriya M. Saha R. Elshire D. Benscher F. Breseghello J. Munkvold R.K. Varshney G. Belay M.E. Sorrells 《Field Crops Research》2010
The availability of a large number of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) has facilitated the development of molecular markers in members of the grass family. As these markers are derived from coding sequences, cross-species amplification and transferability is higher than for markers designed from genomic DNA sequences. In this study, 919 EST-based primers developed from seven grass species were assessed for their amplification across a diverse panel of 16 grass species including cereal, turf and forage crops. Out of the 919 primers tested, 89 successfully amplified DNA from one or more species and 340 primers generated PCR amplicons from at least half of the species in the panel. Only 5.2% of the primers tested produced clear amplicons in all 16 species. The majority of the primers (66.9%) were developed from tall fescue and rice and these two species showed amplification rate of 41.6% and 19.0% across the panel, respectively. The highest amplification rate was found for conserved-intron scanning primers (CISP) developed from pearl millet (91%) and sorghum (75%) EST sequences that aligned to rice sequences. The primers with successful amplification identified in this study showed promise in other grass species as demonstrated in differentiating a set of 13 clones of reed canary grass, a species for which very little genomic research has been done. Sequences from the amplified PCR fragments indicated the potential for the transferable CISP markers for comparative mapping purposes. These primer sets can be immediately used for within and across species mapping and will be especially useful for minor grass species with few or no available molecular markers. 相似文献
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A novel use of social media to evaluate the occurrence of skin lesions affecting wild dusky grouper,Epinephelus marginatus (Lowe, 1834), in Libyan coastal waters 
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下载免费PDF全文 J Rizgalla A P Shinn H W Ferguson G Paladini N S Jayasuriya J E Bron 《Journal of fish diseases》2017,40(5):609-620
The social media network Facebook? was used to gather information on the occurrence and geographical distribution of dusky grouper dermatitis, a skin lesion affecting the dusky grouper, Epinephelus marginatus. Dusky grouper are common targets for spear fishermen in the Mediterranean and by monitoring spearfishing activity in Libyan waters, it was possible to document skin lesions from their entries on Facebook. Thirty‐two Facebook accounts and 8 Facebook groups posting from 23 Libyan coastal cities provided a retrospective observational data set comprising a total of 382 images of dusky grouper caught by spearfishing between December 2011 and December 2015. Skin lesions were observable on 57/362 fish, for which images were of sufficient quality for analysis, giving a minimal prevalence for lesions of 15.75%. Only dusky grouper exceeding an estimated 40 cm total length exhibited lesions. The ability to collect useful data about the occurrence and geographical distribution of pathological conditions affecting wild fish using social media networks demonstrates their potential utility as a tool to support epidemiological studies and monitor the health of populations of aquatic animals. To our knowledge, this represents the first time that such an approach has been applied for assessing health in a wild population of fish. 相似文献
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