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Massoud Saidijam Hossein Mahjub Nooshin Shabab Reza Yadegarazari 《Iranian Biomedical Journal》2015,19(1):57-62
Background: One of the limitations in the treatment of common diseases such as cancer chemotherapy is development of multidrug resistance (MDR). Polymorphisms could alter the expression level of MDR1 gene, which plays an important role in MDR. In this research, the frequency of C3435T, C1236T, and G2677T/A polymorphisms of MDR1 gene was investigated in a large group of population from Hamadan city to provide a sample data resource. Methods: Peripheral blood (2 ml) was taken, and DNA extraction was carried out. Multiplexed mutagenically separated PCR, which was followed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and silver staining, was applied to detect the mentioned polymorphisms in 935 individuals. Sequencing performed for confirmation of gel electrophoresis resulted in 10 random cases. In total, alleles and genotypes of 933 persons (776 women and 157 men) were determined. Results: The most frequent alleles of the polymorphisms were: 3435T, C1236, and G2677. The most frequent genotypes were: 3435C/T, 1236C/T, and 2677G/A, and their concurrent presence was also found as the most frequent simultaneous genotypes. There was not any meaningful difference among the prevalence of these genotypes in groups of men and women. Conclusion: Our results were close to those of other studies performed in Iran and compared to the other ethnic groups, which showed more similarity to Asian peoples than Europeans. As an aspect of personalized medicine, it could be used by chemotherapists to improve the routine methods of cancer treatment.Key Words: Gene polymorphism, Multi-drug resistance, Neoplasm 相似文献
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Nooshin Shahbazi Ken C. Flower J. Nikolaus Callow Ajmal Mian Michael B. Ashworth Hugh J. Beckie 《Weed Research》2021,61(1):25-34
Weeds and weed control are major production costs in global agriculture, with increasing challenges associated with herbicide‐based management because of concerns with chemical residue and herbicide resistance. Non‐chemical weed management may address these challenges but requires the ability to differentiate weeds from crops. Harvest is an ideal opportunity for the differentiation of weeds that grow taller than the crop, however, the ability to differentiate late‐season weeds from the crop is unknown. Weed mapping enables farmers to locate weed patches, evaluate the success of previous weed management strategies, and assist with planning for future herbicide applications. The aim of this study was to determine whether weed patches could be differentiated from the crop plants, based on height differences. Field surveys were carried out before crop harvest in 2018 and 2019, where a total of 86 and 105 weedy patches were manually assessed respectively. The results of this study demonstrated that across the 191 assessed weedy patches, in 97% of patches with Avena fatua (wild oat) plants, 86% with Raphanus raphanistrum (wild radish) plants and 92% with Sonchus oleraceus L. (sow thistles) plants it was possible to distinguish the weeds taller than the 95% of the crop plants. Future work should be dedicated to the assessment of the ability of remote sensing methods such as Light Detection and Ranging to detect and map late‐season weed species based on the results from this study on crop and weed height differences. 相似文献
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Karimifar N Gries R Khaskin G Gries G 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(4):1330-1337
Stale beer and peanut butter are effective baits for the German cockroach (GCRs), Blattella germanica (L.) (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae). In still-air arena olfactometer experiments it was previously shown that headspace volatile extracts of peanut butter and solvent extract of beer attract male GCRs. The objective of this study was to identify the semiochemicals that mediate attraction of GCRs to these sources. Coupled gas chromatographic-electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) and GC-mass spectrometric (MS) analyses of these attractive extracts, or fractions thereof, and of synthetic standards revealed many candidate semiochemicals. Elaborate olfactometer experiments determined that 1-hexanol from peanut butter, and ethanol and 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one (DDMP) from beer, are the key semiochemicals of these food sources. 1-Hexanol is a well-known headspace volatile of decomposing lipids, ethanol conveys food fermentation, and DDMP with a caramel-type flavor has been found in several types of food. By responding to these rather general food-derived compounds, the omnivorous GCRs appear to exploit semiochemicals that indicate the presence of various food components, such as lipids and carbohydrates. Synthetic equivalents of these semiochemicals may be formulated as baits or be added to, and thus enhance the attractiveness of, natural food sources as trap or insecticidal baits. 相似文献
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Farhadi-Tooli Sakineh Ghanbari Alireza Kermani Maryam Jafarkhani Zeinalabedini Mehrshad Bettoni Jean Carlos Naji Amir Mohammad Kazemi Nooshin 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2022,162(1):31-43
European Journal of Plant Pathology - Viral diseases affect quince plant productivity and fruit quality. This study evaluated the effectiveness of droplet-vitrification cryotherapy and... 相似文献
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Sohani NZ Shishehbor P Kocheili F 《Pakistan journal of biological sciences: PJBS》2008,11(7):1015-1020
Laboratory experiments were conducted to measure the functional and numerical responses of Eretmocerus mundus Mercet parasitizing cotton whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius. Parasitoids were isolated singly for 24 h in 5 cm petri dishes with either 5, 10, 20, 40, 60 or 100 second nymphal stages of B. tabaci. Results showed a typical type II functional response, with up to 43.2 hosts attacked when 100 hosts were provided. The rate of attack and handling time were 0.0465 and 0.3341 days, respectively. At above mentioned densities, the parasitoids lived an average of approximately 4 days. At host densities of < or =20 host/day, the total number of eggs laid was limited by the number of hosts available. Total fecundity was highest with an average of 196 eggs/female at density 100. 相似文献
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Mohsen?MardiEmail author Hermann?Buerstmayr Behzad?Ghareyazie Marc?Lemmens Nooshin?Moshrefzadeh Peter?Ruckenbauer 《Euphytica》2004,136(1):45-50
Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by Fusarium spp. is one of the most important fungal diseases of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in regions with wet climatic conditions. Improvement of the FHB resistance by developing new varieties requires sound knowledge on the inheritance of resistance. An 8 × 8 diallel analysis was performed to estimate general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability of resistance to FHB. The F1s and parental lines were evaluated under artificial inoculation at the experimental field of IFA-Tulln, Austria during 2001 and 2002. Disease severity was evaluated by repeated scoring of the percentage of infected spikelets and calculating an area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC). The analysis of combining ability across two years showed highly significant GCA and non-significant SCA effects indicating the importance of additive genetic components in controlling FHB resistance. The significant GCA-by-year interaction presented the role of environmental factors in influencing the FHB reaction of wheat lines. The comparison of the crosses with low FHB infection and GCA effects of their parents showed that such crosses involved at least one parent with high or average negative GCA effect. The results revealed that it is feasible to use highly or moderately resistant genotypes and conventional breeding methods to achieve genetic improvement of FHB resistance in spring wheat. 相似文献
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Alizadeh-Pasdar N Li-Chan EC Nakai S 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(16):5277-5283
Due to possible contribution of both electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions, use of anionic fluorescent probes such as 1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulfonic acid (ANS) and cis-parinaric acid (CPA) for the measurement of protein surface hydrophobicity (S0) has been controversial. A neutral probe, 6-propionyl-2-(dimethylamino)-naphthalene (PRODAN), may circumvent this problem. To select the best indicator of S0, in this study, the data for nine model proteins in phosphate buffer, pH 7.5, measured using the above-mentioned probes, was compared to their FT-Raman spectra and calculated solvent accessibility values. Log S0 measured using CPA had the highest correlation (r = 0.874) with the intensities of Raman spectral signals at 760 cm(-1) and 2800-3100 cm(-1), which were combined using a mixture design based on the random-centroid optimization. The order of correlation of Raman spectral parameters with S0 values were CPA > PRODAN > ANS. FT-Raman spectroscopy, therefore, identified CPA, followed by PRODAN, as the fluorescent probe of choice for describing surface hydrophobicity. However, the amino acid surface accessibility calculated using the PredictProtein software was not useful in identifying the best fluorescent probe for the measurement of S0. 相似文献
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Nakai S Alizadeh-Pasdar N Dou J Buttimor R Rousseau D Paulson A 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(4):927-934
A new computer program for homology similarity search (HSS) was introduced. Application of the HSS to peptide sequences of short peptides with fewer 32 amino acid residues has explained the underlying mechanism of their emulsifying ability. It was found that certain regularity in the frequency of alternate polar/apolar cycle with high hydrophobic similarity density was required to obtain good emulsion. To supplement this required regularity, charge distribution, molecular flexibility, and a structural torsion caused by a proline residue might also play roles. 相似文献