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P. S. John R. Prasad S. Singh Mercy George S. N. Sharma 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1989,163(3):177-180
A field experiment was conducted at the Division of Agronomy, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi during 1983-84 and 1984-85 to study the effect of lentil residues on the yield and response of succeeding rice to nitrogen. Lentil residues benefitted the succeeding rice and gave longer and heavier panicles, more grains per panicle, higher 1000-grain weight and higher grain and straw yield of rice as compared to fallow. Rice responded well to applied nitrogen both in the absence and presence of lentil residues. The effect of lentil root residues and root residues plus incorporation of lentil straw was equivalent to 11 and 33 kg N ha−1 when 60 kg N ha−1 was applied to rice; the corresponding values being 54 and 60 kg N ha−1 when 120 kg N ha−1 was applied to rice. 相似文献
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Harun Muthuri Murithi Mercy Namara Mussa Tamba Phinehas Tukamuhabwa George Mahuku H. Peter van Esse Bart P. H. J. Thomma Matthieu H. A. J. Joosten 《Plant pathology》2021,70(4):841-852
Soybean rust, caused by the biotrophic fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi, is the most important foliar disease of soybean (Glycine max) worldwide. Deployment of resistant soybean cultivars is the best option for managing this disease. Genes conferring resistance to P. pachyrhizi have been identified, but pathotypes of the rust fungus overcoming these resistance genes have also been found. To identify novel resistance genes, soybean genotypes from both local and international sources were screened at multiple locations in Tanzania and Uganda in 2016 and 2017. The results from this screening revealed that infection types, disease severities, and sporulation levels varied among the genotypes and locations. The majority of the genotypes had tan-coloured (TAN) lesions and developed moderate sporulation, implying susceptibility, while only seven of the 71 lines had reddish-brown (RB) lesions and showed low disease severities in all of the screening environments. We identified seven genotypes that were the most resistant to rust in the most locations over the two years. These genotypes will be useful for further studies and, ultimately, for rust management, as they show broad resistance to various pathotypes of the rust fungus. 相似文献
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John G Mbaka Charles M M’Erimba Henry T Karanja Jude M Mathooko Mercy W Mwaniki 《African Zoology》2016,51(2):91-97
Biomonitoring of rivers is usually undertaken using information based on macroinvertebrate assemblages. However, exclusion of meiofauna (i.e. invertebrates less than 0.5?mm in size) when sorting benthic invertebrates can affect the estimation of densities and other biotic indices. In the present study, the effect of excluding the less than 0.5?mm fraction of invertebrates on estimation of benthic invertebrate indices was investigated in the Naro Moru River, Kenya. The Shannon–Wiener diversity index, Pielou’s evenness index, a multimetric index, Simpson’s diversity index, Margalef’s diversity index, mean invertebrate density, taxa richness, and Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera (EPT) densities were determined. Only mean invertebrate and EPT densities differed significantly between the greater than 0.5?mm and total fractions. In conclusion, exclusion of meiofauna from invertebrate samples can affect the estimation of some stream invertebrate biotic indices. 相似文献
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In composite (scion–rootstock) dwarfing fruit trees, an overgrowth at the graft union is often observed, the severity of which is correlated with degree of dwarfing. The graft union of dwarfing sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) rootstocks may limit soluble sugar transport or starch mobilization, leading to localized accumulation. Soluble sugars and starch were measured in the tissues surrounding the graft union of young ‘Rainier’ (2002) and ‘Lapins’ (2003) sweet cherry trees on ‘Gisela 5’ (‘Gi 5’; dwarfing) and ‘Colt’ (vigorous) rootstocks. Separate rootstock shank, rootstock, graft union, and scion tissues were analyzed for both starch and soluble sugar content throughout the growing season in both years. Starch concentrations did not vary among locations within the graft union for ‘Rainier’ on either the dwarfing or vigorous rootstock, or for ‘Lapins’ on the dwarfing stock. However, for ‘Lapins’ on ‘Colt’, starch was highest in the rootstock shank and declined vertically (rootstock shank ? rootstock > union > scion). Soluble sugar concentrations were generally similar to or higher in scions on ‘Gi 5’ than on ‘Colt’, and were similar to or lower in the rootstock and rootstock shank on ‘Gi 5’ than on ‘Colt’. Results suggest that rootstock has a significant effect of localized accumulations of carbohydrates above and within the graft union of ‘Gi 5’ and below the graft union of ‘Colt’. 相似文献
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The Banyang-Mbo Wildlife Sanctuary, an area of lowland tropical rainforest in southwestern Cameroon, was designed by the Government of Cameroon specifically to protect 10 species and one order (Chelonia) of wildlife including some of the most endangered primates in Central and West Africa such as the drill (Mandrillus leucophaeus) and chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes). The long-settled local communities surrounding the Sanctuary maintain user rights of the forest and its natural resources as long as the conservation goals of the protected area are not compromised. A three-year study assessed local communities’ hunting dynamics in and around the sanctuary. Ten village-based assistants weighed, sexed, and aged all animal carcasses harvested by the 96 hunters participating in the study from June 1999 to March 2002. Data on weapon type, use of meat, location of kill, and price for each killed animal were also collected. We compare bushmeat dynamics and hunting cultures of two tribes living on the periphery of the Sanctuary, the Banyangi and the Mbo. A total of 13 489 animals were harvested during the study period, 4656 by Banyangi and 8833 by Mbo. Our results suggest that the condition of bushmeat when sold by hunters, either fresh or smoked, does not appear to affect the price. Bushmeat was significantly cheaper than the alternative sources of protein available in the nearest town. Although both tribes appear to use similar weapon technologies and hunting techniques, they differ with respect to amounts harvested and bushmeat use. The tribe settled deep in the forest with no road access hunts more intensively and for commercial sale outside the region, while the tribe along the road consumes or sells most of their catch locally. 相似文献
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Wei Jin Li Yiping Weng Shenglin Huang Dongjing Du Wei Gao Xiaomeng Wang Wencai Wang Jianwei Zhang Shuangshuang Jepkirui Mercy Nwankwegu Amechi S. Norgbey Eyram Asmaa Qhtan 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2019,19(2):1017-1028
Purpose
Coherent motion plays a significant role in sediment resuspension, which is an important cause of eutrophication in Lake Taihu. The most popular approach in detecting coherent motion in wall turbulence is quadrant splitting. However, an important threshold parameter (H) is set by empiricism during inspection above which burst event occurs. This study is aimed at eliminating the erroneous detection caused by this empirical parameter in identifying coherent motions, giving an objective range of H for Lake Taihu and then illustrating the interactions between coherent motion and sediment resuspension.
Materials and methodsBased on in situ monitoring with Acoustic Doppler Velocimetry (ADV) and Optical Backscatter Sensor (OBS), high-frequency data of three-dimensional velocities and suspended sediment concentration at the bottom of Lake Taihu were obtained. Autocorrelation function and quadrant splitting were jointly adopted to determine parameter H without any empiricism.
Results and discussionThe value of parameter H varied from 0.72 to 1.28 in Lake Taihu, and an increase of 0.56 in H value led to decreases of 10.7–24.1% in the stress fraction and 14.7–26.5% in the sediment flux fraction. At the Central Zone site, the dominant motions were ejection and sweep, while inward and outward interactions dominated the exchange processes at the East Bay site. Only 16.8, 14.3, and 17.0% of the time fractions of coherent motions contributed up to 58.3, 74.5, and 55.0% to the sediment flux fractions at different observation sites, and the larger time fractions of burst events contributed less to sediment flux fractions due to the less effect from wind waves and the lack of upwelling currents.
ConclusionsBurst events with large amplitude and short duration contributed significantly to the processes of sediment exchanges. Calculation results of momentum and sediment resuspension fluxes are very sensitive to parameter H, taking one fixed empirical value for H is unsuitable for Lake Taihu. These findings will provide a useful reference for identifying coherent motions precisely and understanding the interactions between coherent motion and sediment resuspension in Lake Taihu.
相似文献8.
Femi John Fawole Ayodeji Adeyinka Adeoye Lateef Oloyede Tiamiyu Favour Chidimma Samuel Olawunmi Mercy Omosuyi Morufat Temitope Amusa 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(7):2903-2912
A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of pawpaw–onion powder (POP) mixture on the growth, and haemato‐biochemical and antioxidant responses of Clarias gariepinus (4.02 ± 0.01g/fish) for 60 days. Five trial diets were formulated as control (without POP or antimicrobial growth promoter (AGP)), AGP (basal diet + 10ml AGP/kg diet), POP 2.5 (basal diet + 2.5g POP/kg diet), POP 5.0 (basal diet + 5.0g POP/kg diet) and POP 10 (basal diet + 10g POP/kg diet). Two hundred and twenty‐five fish were equally distributed into five groups in triplicate and fed twice daily. The results indicate that AGP or POP supplementation exerted no effects on the growth and blood profile among the various groups, but a significantly higher lymphocyte count was observed in POP 10g/kg. The highest whole‐body protein and lipid contents were noticed in fish fed the control diet (p < .05), whereas POP 5.0g/kg group recorded the highest hepatosomatic value. Furthermore, the cholesterol level was found to be lower in the AGP‐ and POP‐fed fish compared with the higher level recorded in the control. The glucose concentration and superoxide dismutase enzyme activity were found to be higher in POP 2.5‐fed fish, whereas POP 10‐fed fish showed higher catalase activities compared with other groups (p < .05). Based on the result obtained, this study showed that dietary POP had no significant impact on the growth performance but has direct effects on the whole‐body lipid content, lymphocyte count, cholesterol level, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and antioxidant response of Clarias gariepinus. 相似文献
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Michael Paton Ian Rose Rachelle Hart Sue Sutherland Ashley Mercy Trevor Ellis 《Preventive veterinary medicine》1996,26(3-4):275-284
Associations between the incidence of caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) in sheep and post-shearing management and environmental factors were examined in a prospective study. CLA incidence was measured in 126 groups of 1- and 2-year-old sheep in 70 Western Australian flocks selected from the prevalence of cull-for-age ewes with CLA lesions at abattoirs. CLA incidence was assessed using a CLA toxin ELISA. Dichotomous and polychotomous stepwise logistic regression methods were compared in examining the effects of management and environment on CLA incidence. Shower dipping sheep for ectoparasite control after shearing increased the odds of high CLA incidence by five to six times and keeping sheep under cover for 1 h or more after shearing increased the odds of being in high CLA incidence categories three-fold. The seroprevalence of existing CLA infection within each age group affected incidence more than did the overall slaughter-based flock estimate. This suggests that CLA spreads mostly within groups of sheep shorn together. 相似文献
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A R Mercy M Salerian J M Lloyd R B Richards G M Robertson 《Australian veterinary journal》1986,63(8):256-258
An outbreak of severe atrophic rhinitis is described. A toxigenic strain of P. multocida was isolated from one affected pig. Severe turbinate atrophy was not associated with significantly reduced bodyweight gain in a batch of 34 pigs examined at slaughter. The history of the outbreak suggested that pigs recently introduced from overseas may have been the source of the disease. 相似文献