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1.
A. V. Vasileva E. V. Gorbunova A. S. Vasilev V. S. Peretyagin A. N. Chertov V. V. Korotaev 《British poultry science》2018,59(6):636-645
ABSTRACT1. The objective of this study was to develop a machine vision method for analysing exterior parameters of chicken eggs to automate the stage of primary sorting.2. The developed algorithm based on predetermined thresholds calculated egg quality indicators, including geometric dimensions, shape index and the mottling grade. The algorithm was implemented with an experimental setup that combined the image-based and the candling methods. A total of 400 egg samples were analysed.3. Comparison of results of the algorithm with those obtained using the traditional manual method showed that mean value of radii values difference was 0.095 ± 0.058 mm for the sharp and 0.080 ± 0.047 mm for the blunt end of the egg, with standard deviations of 0.58 mm and 0.49 mm, respectively.4. The correlation coefficient between the shape index values determined by the two methods was 0.93; the standard deviation of absolute differences between corresponding values was 1.05%.5. The results of mottling grade estimation were compared using F-measure and confusion matrix.6. The results allow the possibility to perform the assessment of egg exterior quality factors in an automatic mode, independent of the expertise of a grader. 相似文献
2.
Astruc T Marinova P Labas R Gatellier P Santé-Lhoutellier V 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(23):9554-9558
In meat, no detailed studies on the intracellular distribution of oxidized proteins during oxidative stress have been performed, to our knowledge. Therefore, we used fluorescence microscopy to detect and locate protein carbonyls, oxidation products of basic amino acids, generated in bovine M. Rectus abdominis during either exposition to a chemical free radical generating system, or refrigerated storage, or cooking. The technique consisted of an immunohistochemical detection of carbonyls by reaction with the specific probe DNPH (2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine) followed by the sequential addition of a first antibody against DNPH-carbonylated proteins and a CY3-labeled secondary antibody. The fluorescence of the CY3 probe increased regularly with level of free radical generating system and storage time. Moreover, an important heterogeneity of carbonyl distribution was observed, with a higher oxidation level at the periphery than inside the muscle cells. Cooking induced fluorescence increase only at the periphery of cells. Specific coloration of collagen by Sirius red showed that collagen was not involved in fluorescence. We can deduce that accumulation of oxidized proteins observed in the cell periphery was linked to membrane protein oxidation and not to connective tissue oxidation. Biochemical assays were performed in parallel on membrane and myofibrillar proteins to provide complementary quantitative data on level of oxidized proteins. 相似文献
3.
Penka Tsonkova Christian B?hm Ansgar Quinkenstein Dirk Freese 《Agroforestry Systems》2012,85(1):133-152
In temperate Europe alley cropping systems which integrate strips of short rotation coppices into conventional agricultural fields (ACS) are receiving increasing attention. These systems can be used for crops and woody biomass production at the same time, enabling farmers to diversify the provision of market goods. Adding trees into the agricultural land creates various additional benefits for the farmer and society, also known as ecosystem services. However, tree-crop interactions in the temperate region have not been adequately substantiated which is identified as a drawback to the practical implementation of such systems. In order to bridge this gap, the current paper aims to present a comprehensive overview of selected ecosystem services provided by agroforestry with focus on ACS in the temperate region. The literature indicates that compared with conventional agriculture ACS have the potential to increase carbon sequestration, improve soil fertility and generally optimize the utilization of resources. Furthermore, due to their structural flexibility, ACS may help to regulate water quality, enhance biodiversity, and increase the overall productivity. ACS are shown as suitable land use systems especially for marginal sites. Based on the available data collected, we conclude that ACS are advantageous compared to conventional agriculture in many aspects, and therefore suggest that they should be implemented at a larger scale in temperate regions. 相似文献
4.
Hyeong Rok Yun Sang Woo Ahn Bomin Seol Elena A. Vasileva Natalia P. Mishchenko Sergey A. Fedoreyev Valentin A. Stonik Jin Han Kyung Soo Ko Byoung Doo Rhee Jung Eun Seol Hyoung Kyu Kim 《Marine drugs》2021,19(11)
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease in which skin barrier dysfunction leads to dryness, pruritus, and erythematous lesions. AD is triggered by immune imbalance and oxidative stress. Echinochrome A (Ech A), a natural pigment isolated from sea urchins, exerts antioxidant and beneficial effects in various inflammatory disease models. In the present study, we tested whether Ech A treatment alleviated AD-like skin lesions. We examined the anti-inflammatory effect of Ech A on 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced AD-like lesions in an NC/Nga mouse model. AD-like skin symptoms were induced by treatment with 1% DNCB for 1 week and 0.4% DNCB for 5 weeks in NC/Nga mice. The results showed that Ech A alleviated AD clinical symptoms, such as edema, erythema, and dryness. Treatment with Ech A induced the recovery of epidermis skin lesions as observed histologically. Tewameter® and Corneometer® measurements indicated that Ech A treatment reduced transepidermal water loss and improved stratum corneum hydration, respectively. Ech A treatment also inhibited inflammatory-response-induced mast cell infiltration in AD-like skin lesions and suppressed the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interferon-γ, interleukin-4, and interleukin-13. Collectively, these results suggest that Ech A may be beneficial for treating AD owing to its anti-inflammatory effects. 相似文献
5.
When paddlefish larvae were reared in tanks and fed on zooplankton, a length of 12–15 cm and a weight of 9.2 g had been obtained
by the second month after hatching. After a further 2-months of pond rearing, the survival rate was 48%, and the juveniles
had reached an average weight of 27.74 g and length of 22.5 cm. Much better growth rate was achieved when both paddlefish
fry and juveniles were reared only on artificial food in tanks. At the end of the first month, a weight of 11.6 g had been
reached; at the second month the paddlefish weight was 33.29 g, at the third month it was 60.2 g, and at the fourth month
it was 127.7 g. There were two cases in which, respectively, 1,000 and 1,500 paddlefish with an average body weight of 33–60 g
were stocked in a reservoir. At the age 5 months the fish had reached, or exceeded, an average weight of 500 g, and, after
1 year, it was over 700 g, which is an indicator of the good rearing opportunities this reservoir offered. 相似文献
6.
Penka Kaitasowa 《Journal of pest science》1970,43(8):121-126
Zusammenfassung Die Untersuchungen über Tabakvirosen in Österreich brachten folgende Ergebnisse: Das Y-Kartoffelvirus mit seinen beiden Stämmen (gewöhnlicher und nekrotischer Stamm), das Gurkenmosaikvirus, das Tabakmosaikvirus und das Luzernemosaikvirus sind derzeit in Österreich weit verbreitet. Zur Differenzierung und Trennung der einzelnen Viren wurde eine Reihe von Testpflanzen verwendet und die serologischen und elektronenmikroskopischen Untersuchungen für Y und TMV mit Erfolg durchgeführt.
Summary Research on viruses of tobacco in Austria showed the following results: Both strains (common and necrotic of the potato virus Y, the cucumber mosaic virus, the tobacco mosaic virus, and the lucerne mosaic virus are now wide spread in Austria. For differentiation and separation of the named viruses series of plant species were used for assays and the serological and electronmicroscopical examinations for potato virus Y and tobacco mosaic virus were successfully conducted.相似文献
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8.
Cortese VS Behan S Galvin JE Penka DR Ramsey D Bryson WL Lucas MJ 《Veterinary therapeutics : research in applied veterinary medicine》2007,8(3):201-208
This study demonstrated the ability of the antimicrobials tulathromycin (Draxxin) and ceftiofur crystalline free acid sterile suspension (Excede) to clear the spirochete Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar hardjo type hardjo-bovis (L. hardjo-bovis) from experimentally infected cattle. Treatment with tulathromycin resulted in clearance of L. hardjo-bovis organisms from the urine and kidney tissue of all animals (9 of 9), and treatment with ceftiofur crystalline free acid resulted in clearance of the organisms from the urine of 8 of 10 heifers and the kidney tissue of all 10 animals. In contrast, 10 of 10 placebo-treated cattle had L. hardjo-bovis organisms in their urine and 8 of 10 had the organisms in kidney tissue. 相似文献
9.
Effect of meat cooking on physicochemical state and in vitro digestibility of myofibrillar proteins 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Santé-Lhoutellier V Astruc T Marinova P Greve E Gatellier P 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(4):1488-1494
The effect of meat cooking was measured on myofibrillar proteins from bovine M. Rectus abdominis. The heating treatment involved two temperatures (100 degrees C during 5, 15, 30, and 45 min and 270 degrees C during 1 min). Protein oxidation induced by cooking was evaluated by the level of carbonyl and free thiol groups. Structural modifications of proteins were assessed by the measurement of their surface hydrophobicity and by their aggregation state. With the aim of evaluating the impact of heat treatment on the digestive process, myofibrillar proteins were then exposed to proteases of the digestive tract (pepsin, trypsin, and alpha-chymotrypsin) in conditions of pH and temperature that simulate stomach and duodenal digestion. Meat cooking affected myofibrillar protein susceptibility to proteases, with increased or decreased rates, depending on the nature of the protease and the time/temperature parameters. Results showed a direct and quantitative relationship between protein carbonylation (p<0.01) and aggregation (p<0.05) induced by cooking and proteolytic susceptibility to pepsin. However, no such correlations have been observed with trypsin and alpha-chymotrypsin. 相似文献
10.
Silvestre García de Jalón Paul J. Burgess Anil Graves Gerardo Moreno Jim McAdam Eric Pottier Sandra Novak Valerio Bondesan Rosa Mosquera-Losada Josep Crous-Durán Joao H. N. Palma Joana A. Paulo Tania S. Oliveira Eric Cirou Yousri Hannachi Anastasia Pantera Régis Wartelle Sonja Kay Nina Malignier Philippe Van Lerberghe Penka Tsonkova Jaconette Mirck Mercedes Rois Anne Grete Kongsted Claudine Thenail Boki Luske Staffan Berg Marie Gosme Andrea Vityi 《Agroforestry Systems》2018,92(4):829-848
Whilst the benefits of agroforestry are widely recognised in tropical latitudes few studies have assessed how agroforestry is perceived in temperate latitudes. This study evaluates how stakeholders and key actors including farmers, landowners, agricultural advisors, researchers and environmentalists perceive the implementation and expansion of agroforestry in Europe. Meetings were held with 30 stakeholder groups covering different agroforestry systems in 2014 in eleven EU countries (Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom). In total 344 valid responses were received to a questionnaire where stakeholders were asked to rank the positive and negative aspects of implementing agroforestry in their region. Improved biodiversity and wildlife habitats, animal health and welfare, and landscape aesthetics were seen as the main positive aspects of agroforestry. By contrast, increased labour, complexity of work, management costs and administrative burden were seen as the most important negative aspects. Overall, improving the environmental value of agriculture was seen as the main benefit of agroforestry, whilst management and socio-economic issues were seen as the greatest barriers. The great variability in the opportunities and barriers of the systems suggests enhanced adoption of agroforestry across Europe will be most likely to occur with specific initiatives for each type of system. 相似文献