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1.
Background:CE is a zoonotic parasitic infection caused by Echinococcus granulosus worldwide and is associated with economic losses among livestock animals. EG95 is an immunogenic antigen from the E. granulosus. Lactococcus lactis has been prested as a safe vehicle for antigen delivery. The goal of this study was to design a novel L. lactis strain displaying EG95 as a vaccine delivery system. Methods:The eg95 encoding gene fragment fused to the M6 anchoring protein was cloned into the pNZ7021 vector, and L. lactis NZ9000 displaying recombinant EG95 was constructed. The expression of an approximately 32-kDa EG95 protein was confirmed by Western blotting and immunofluorescence analysis. The immune responses were evaluated in BALB/c mice immunized orally and subcutaneously with the live and killed recombinant L. lactis, respectively. Results:Total IgG level in mice immunized with heat-killed recombinant L. lactis (pNZ7021-eg95) significantly increased compared to the control group. sIgA was significantly higher in mice received live recombinant L. lactis (pNZ7021-eg95) compared to the control mice. Splenic lymphocytes from immunized mice represented the high levels of IFN-γ and the low-levels of IL-4 and IL-10. Conclusion:Our results indicate that immunization with EG95-expressing L. lactis can induce both specific humoral and cellular immune responses in mice. Key Words: Echinococcus granulosus, Lactococcus lactis, Immunization, Vaccines  相似文献   
2.
The objectives of the present study were to investigate of GroBiotic®‐A (GBA) on growth, autochthonous intestinal microbiota and haemato‐serological parameters of beluga juvenile. A total of 180 fish (40.82 ± 5.81 g) were fed diets containing graded levels of GBA (0, 5, 10 and 20 g kg?1 diet) for 8 weeks. No significantly differences in body composition, total viable aerobic bacteria, mean cell volume, mean cell haemoglobin, mean cell haemoglobin concentration, neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes, albumin, glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase were detected between treatment groups. The fish fed on 10 and 20 g kg?1 GBA significantly showed higher lactic acid bacteria, final weight, body weight increases, weight gain and lower feed conversion ratio compared with the control and 5 g kg?1 groups. The group fed 20 g kg?1 GBA showed a highly significant difference in condition factor, survival rate, final length, total red and white blood cells, lymphocytes, haematocrit, haemoglobin, total protein, total immunoglobulin and lysozyme activity. The specific growth rate of the treatment groups was significantly elevated compared with the control groups. These results indicated that GBA at level 20 g kg?1 improved growth, welfare and survival of beluga juvenile.  相似文献   
3.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the dietary effects of using essential oil from sour lemon peel (Citrus limon) on growth performance, carcass composition, blood and serum parameters, and liver enzymes of juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to deltamethrin (DMN) pesticide. Treatments with no lemon peel essential oil (LPEO) and without DMN (control), as well as four treatments with 10% of 96‐h lethal concentration of DMN were prepared with dietary supplementation of LPEO (zero, 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg). Trout juveniles (95.12 ± 0.53 g) were randomly allocated to the treatments (each with three replicates). The results showed that dietary LPEO inclusion improved fish growth parameters in the DMN‐containing treatments. The highest fat content was found in zero LPEO treatment with no DMN while it was lowest in DMN treatments containing 400 and 600 mg/kg of LPEO. Carcass protein content was the highest in DMN treatment with 400 mg/kg of LPEO. Blood and serum biochemical parameters showed statistical differences between no LPEO treatment with DMN exposure and those detected in the control fish (p < .05). Overall, the results indicate that dietary inclusion of LPEO at 400 mg/kg level can decrease some negative effects of DMN exposure.  相似文献   
4.
European Journal of Plant Pathology - Viral diseases affect quince plant productivity and fruit quality. This study evaluated the effectiveness of droplet-vitrification cryotherapy and...  相似文献   
5.
A nutrient solution experiment was carried out to evaluate effects of different magnesium (Mg) concentrations (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 percent of magnesium concentration of Hoagland solution) on growth and physiological characteristics of Iranian melons (Cucumis melo var. inodorus subvar. Khatouni). The experiment was done based on completely randomized design using plastic pots and sand culture. The results showed that SPAD value of leaves, plant leaf number, stem diameter, shoot fresh and dry weight, root fresh weight, chlorophyll b, carotenoids, protein, catalase and peroxidase activities were constantly increased by increasing Mg levels of nutrient solution until 75 or 100% Mg levels, while leaf area, petiole length, internodes length were highest in lower levels of Mg compared to full Mg of nutrient solution. Moreover, the leaf concentrations of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), magnesium, and iron (Fe), but not calcium (Ca), were increased by increasing magnesium concentration to full Hoagland nutrient solution Mg level.  相似文献   
6.
This study evaluated the effects of diet containing 0 (C: control), 75 (D1), 100 (D2), 125 (D3) and 150 (D4) mg kg?1 F. vulgare essential oil on growth and reproductive performance of C. nigrofasciatum. A total of 225 Convict cichlids female with mean weight (1.65 ± 0.02 g) were distributed into 15 glass aquaria (15 fish tank?1) in triplicate treatments. During 40 days of experimental period, fish fed at 3% of their body weight daily. At the end of experiment, growth indices, gonadosomatic index and reproductive indices were determined. The best feed conversion ratio was obtained in D4 (1.19 ± 0.03, P < 0.05). The addition of F. vulgare essential oil did not have any statistical effects on other growth indices (specific growth rate, weight gain and condition factor). Total survival rates in all treatments and control were uniformly high, ranging from 93% to 97% (P > 0.05). F. vulgare essential oil has no negative effect on survival rate of C. nigrofasciatum. There were no significant differences among protein content of fish body (P > 0.05). The lowest value of fat content (26.5 ± 0.5%) was observed in D2, and it had significant difference with control and other groups (P < 0.05). The ash percentage in treatments fed with F. vulgare essential oil were higher than control fish (P < 0.05). The highest moisture content was detected in D4 (72.68 ± 0.19%) and D2 (71.23 ± 2%) groups. Among the used dosage, D4 was the most effective dosage that could significantly increase GSI (11.06 ± 1.55%), fecundity (340 ± 21) and hatching ratio (92.33 ± 1.63%). There were no significant differences in diameter of eggs among various treatments (P > 0.05).  相似文献   
7.
An 8‐week study was applied to evaluate the effects of feed restriction and starvation on growth, proximate composition, haematological and biochemical factors in juvenile Siberian sturgeon Acipenser baerii with an average weight of 54 ± 0.6 g. Fish were randomly divided into nine indoor tanks (1,050 L volume) with 30 fish per tank in a flow‐through system at 18 ± 0.4°C. Three feeding strategies were considered: I) fed at satiation (F), II) restricted feeding at the rate of 1% body weight per day (R) and III) starvation (S) each with 3 replicates. Fish were fed with commercial pellets 4 times daily, but no feed was considered for S group throughout the trial. Basal level at the start, 4 and 8 weeks after initiation of the experiment, blood samples were taken from 5 fish/tank to measure the haematological and biochemical parameters. Moreover, growth performance was recorded every 2‐week interval. At the end of the experiment, the growth parameters and proximate composition were significantly different among the treatments. As expected, the highest weight (164.7 ± 2.1 g) was observed in F group compared to R (101 ± 1.7 g), or S (42.4 ± 0.8 g) groups. The highest (12.07 ± 0.14%) and lowest (5.37 ± 0.42%) fat contents were observed in F and S groups, respectively, while the protein was not affected in R group compared with F group. In addition, most haematological and biochemical indices of Siberian sturgeon were affected by starvation at week 4 and 8, while few changes were observed in restricted feeding. The highest mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, plasma total protein, cholesterol and triglyceride was found in S group, while the lowest value of plasma glucose was observed in this group. It can be concluded that Siberian sturgeon adjusts the physiological condition in short‐term (4 weeks) feed restriction using stored metabolites to have basal metabolism and due to this, a short period of feed restriction strategy recommends to the optimum nutritional management of Siberian sturgeon to cost‐saving during unsuitable conditions.  相似文献   
8.
Anesthetics are commonly used in the aquaculture industry to reduce stress and prevent mortality of fish during transportation, handling, and surgical procedures. This study assessed the efficacy of four anesthetic agents (clove oil, propofol, 2‐phenoxyethanol [2‐PE], and ketamine hydrochloride) on Persian sturgeon, Acipenser persicus, juveniles. In addition, results of the first experiment were used to evaluate sedation concentrations suitable for transportation of Persian sturgeon. The concentrations of anesthetics or sedatives evaluated in the first experiment were: 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg/L for clove oil; 1, 1.25, 2.5, and 5 mg/L for propofol; 110, 330, 550, and 770 mg/L for 2‐PE; and 1250, 2500, 3750, and 5000 mg/L for ketamine hydrochloride. Results show significant reduction in time to anesthesia and significant increase in recovery time with increase in concentration of all anesthetics. The most clinically useful concentrations of anesthetics tested were between 25 and 50 mg/L for clove oil, less than 1 mg/L for propofol, 330 mg/L for 2‐PE, and none of the tested concentrations for ketamine hydrochloride. In the second experiment, juveniles were placed in low concentrations of anesthetic solutions for 24 h and survival assessed. The four anesthetics tested are suitable for light sedation during transportation of A. persicus juveniles. Results are helpful to scientists working with Persian sturgeon aquaculture and restocking programs.  相似文献   
9.
Over the last decades, tillage, chemical fertilizers, and pesticides have reduced the beneficial fungal population size in arable soils. Though soil inoculation can be a practical way to restore arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) population size, weeds may also be benefited, as well. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of three AMF species (Funneliformis mosseae, Rhizoglomus fasciculatum, and Rhizoglomus intraradices) on photosynthetic rate, secondary metabolites content, reproductive organs percentage and nutrient uptake in Solanum nigrum L. and Digitaria sanguinalis L. weed species. Our results showed species variation in response to AMF inoculation, so that, while inoculation with R. intraradices fungal species decreased total biomass in S. nigrum plants significantly, it increased total biomass of D. sanguinalis plants by 26–49%. In addition, inoculation with F. mosseae species increased phenol, anthocyanin, and total terpenoid content in S. nigrum plants much more than D. sanguinalis. Increased photosynthetic rate, secondary metabolites content, and flowering percentage in AMF‐inoculated S. nigrum plants show the enhanced competitive ability and allelopathic potential of this weed when associated with AMF, which makes it a good competitor against other plant species in the environment.  相似文献   
10.
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