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1.
Caprine besnoitiosis, caused by the cyst-forming protozoal apicomplexan Besnoitia caprae appears to be endemic in Kenya, Nigeria and Iran, but has yet to be detected in other parts of the world. The infection causes an important parasitic disease of goats in affected developing countries. Bovine besnoitiosis, is a widespread disease of cattle in Africa, Asia (but not Iran) and southern Europe. Recent epidemiological data confirm that the incidence and geographical range of bovine besnoitiosis in Europe is increasing, which is why growing attention has been given to the condition during the past decade. This paper reviews pertinent information on the biology, epidemiology, pathology, clinical signs, diagnosis and control of caprine besnoitiosis, together with its similarities to, and differences from, bovine besnoitiosis. The serious economic consequences of besnoitiosis on goat breeding and local meat and hide industries is also considered. 相似文献
2.
Amin Bigham-Sadegh Iraj Karimi Mahsa Alebouye Zahra Shafie-Sarvestani Ahmad Oryan 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2013,14(3):337-343
The present study was conducted to compare the effects of xenogenic bovine fetal demineralized bone matrix (DBM), commercial DBM, omentum, omentum-calf fetal DBM, cortical autograft and xenogenic cartilage powder on the healing of tibial defects in a dog model to determine the best material for bone healing. Seven male adult mongrel dogs, weighing 26.2 ± 2.5 kg, were used in this study. Seven holes with a diameter of 4-mm were created and then filled with several biomaterials. Radiographs were taken postoperatively on day 1 and weeks 2, 4, 6, 8. The operated tibias were removed on the 56th postoperative day and histopathologically evaluated. On postoperative days 14, 42 and 56, the lesions of the control group were significantly inferior to those in the other group (p < 0.05). On the 28th postoperative day, the autograft group was significantly superior to the control and omentum groups (p < 0.05). Moreover, calf fetal DBM was significantly superior to the control group. There was no significant difference between the histopathological sections of all groups. Overall, the omentum and omentum-DBM groups were superior to the control group, but inferior to the autograft, commercial-DBM, calf fetal DBM and calf fetal cartilage groups. 相似文献
3.
Ovulation and spawning induction in Caspian kutum Rutilus frisii kutum by administration of GnRHa and catecholaminergic pharmaceutical compounds with Ovaprim 
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下载免费PDF全文 Sara Koohilai Shahrbanoo Oryan Homayoun Hosseinzadeh Sahafi Pargol Ghavam Mostafavi Safieh Behzadi 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(4):1469-1477
The acceleration of final oocyte maturation and ovulation is recognized as a principal process in Caspian kutum Rutilus frisii kutum, a commercial and valuable species in Caspian Sea. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of catecholaminergic pharmaceutics which include Salbutamol (β2‐adrenergic receptor agonist), Metoprolol (β1‐adrenergic receptor antagonist), Clozapine and Olanzapine (the third generation of D4 and D2 dopamine receptor antagonists) which can be more efficient than the first and second generations, in combination with Buserelin ([D‐Ser(tBu)6,Pro9‐NEt]‐GnRHa) and Ovaprim (D‐Ala6,Pro9‐Net)‐sGnRH+Domperidone on ovulation and spawning induction in Caspian kutum. One hundred eight adult females were injected once with Buserelin Acetate (BUS) 5 μg kg?1 BW, Ovaprim 0.5 mL kg?1 BW, Salbutamol Sulphate (SLB) 4 mg kg?1 BW, Olanzapine (OLZ) 5 mg kg?1 BW, Clozapine (CZ) 12 mg kg?1 BW and Metoprolol Tartrate (MTP) 5 mg kg?1 BW, being divided into 12 groups: group 1, intact (negative control); group 2, Ovaprim (positive control); group 3, OLZ+SLB; group 4, OLZ+MTP; group 5, OLZ+BUS; group 6, CZ+SLB; group 7, CZ+MTP; group 8, CZ+BUS; group 9, OLZ+BUS+SLB; group 10, OLZ+BUS+MTP; group 11, CZ+BUS+SLB and group 12, CZ+BUS+MTP (N = 9). The results showed that the highest mean value in ovulation success, ovulation index, fertilization success, relative fecundity and the number of eggs belonged to Ovaprim treatment. On the other hand, spawning was successful in OLZ+BUS+SLB and CZ+BUS treatments (P < 0.05), whereas it was lower in CZ+MTP, CZ+BUS+MTP and OLZ+BUS than the other treatments. Therefore, it could be concluded that Clozapine and Olanzapine potentiated the effect of Buserelin treatment in ovulation and spawning induction, while Metoprolol blocked the stimulatory effects of GnRHa, Clozapine and Olanzapine. Salbutamol also can amplify stimulatory effect of all mentioned pharmaceutics. 相似文献
4.
Comparison of the pathogensis of two isolates of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Besnoitia caprae</Emphasis> in inbred BALB/c mice 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Ahmad Oryan Fatemeh Namazi Mohammad-Mehdi Namavari Hassan Sharifiyazdi Marjan Moraveji 《Veterinary research communications》2010,34(5):423-434
This study was performed to evaluate the infectivity of bradyzoites of two Besnoitia caprae isolates, BC-1 and BC-2, to inbred BALB/c mice. Each group of inbred BALB/c mice was inoculated intraperitoneally with 1 × 103, 1 × 104, 1 × 105, 5 × 105 and 1 × 106 of one of the two isolates of B. caprae bradyzoites. The mice were monitored daily for a period of 40 days for survival. After death of each mice, several passages
from its peritoneal washing and tissues were analyzed using ribosomal DNA-specific PCR assay. Marked differences in pathogenicity
between the isolates were seen. All the inbred BALB/c mice infected with BC-2 survived but all the mice that were administered
with 1 × 05, 5 × 105 and 1 × 106 BC-1 bradyzoites were died within 4–9 days post-infection (DPI). Histopathological examination of the tissues of the dead
mice revealed hyperemia and necrosis with presence of mononuclear and polymorphonuclear cell infiltration in myocardium, spleen
and intestines together with interstitial pneumonia and peritonitis. All inbred BALB/c mice in the 1 × 103 and 1 × 104 groups of BC-1 inoculated mice survived and they were euthanized after 40 DPI. Chronic inflammation with infiltration of
mononuclear cells was evident in myocardium, spleen, alveolar septa of the lungs of most of the examined tissues with hemorrhagic
enteritis in the mice infected with 1x106 bradyzoites. The mice infected with different doses of BC-2 were euthanized after 40 DPI and no lesion was seen in histopathological
sections of their organs. All peritoneal washings and examined tissues were PCR positive in BC-1 group. This experiment is
the first report to show inbred BALB/c mice as a relevant model for B. caprae and demonstrates that this strain of inbred BALB/c mice is a suitable animal model for biological studies and examination
of pathogenesis for this species of Besnoitia. The present findings also provide evidence for significant differences between the two isolates of B. caprae. 相似文献
5.
This study was designed to investigate the developmental changes in the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) of the white New Zealand rabbit, from 5 to 7 days pre-natal to 112 days post-natal (PN), at histological and ultrastructural levels. The tendons changed from being highly cellular with 13079 ± 2538 cell/mm2 and little directional organization to a longitudinally oriented, predominantly connective tissue structure with relatively few, mature tenocytes (2384 ± 365 cell/mm2 ). Fibrillogenesis was seen in isolated vacuoles of fibroblast cytoplasm during fetal life as well as after birth, but less frequently with increasing age. At the ultrastructural level, there was a progressive increase in the mean diameter of collagen fibrils with age throughout the population , until PN day 28. A bimodal distribution of collagen fibril size was first observed on PN day 56 while at day 112, the fibrils were fully differentiated and showed a multimodal size distribution. The development of elastic fibres preceded that of collagen fibres and accompanied progressively more marked sinusoidal crimping in collagen fibres on PN days 7 and 14. The tendons of older animals became less tightly crimped. The cells of the epi- and endotenon were less mature and relatively undifferentiated compared with the cells in the body of the tendon of the same age, which might explain their ability to initiate healing of tendon injuries in older animals. In conclusion, extensive changes were observed in tendons during growth and maturation, with diameters of collagen fibrils, tissue orientation and cellularity being the parameters affected, probably due largely to increased physical activity. 相似文献
6.
Linguatula serrata is a cosmopolitan zoonotic parasite with its adult form occurring in the nasal and respiratory passages of canids as the
definitive hosts, while its immature stages localize in the mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, spleen, lungs, and, rarely, in
other organs, such as the ocular region of herbivorous intermediate hosts. Humans can behave as both intermediate and final
host and are infected by visceral and nasopharyngeal linguatulosis. Consumption of infected, improperly cooked viscera of
the intermediate hosts, including sheep, goats, cattle, camels, or other herbivores containing the larval stages of this parasite
is a potential source of infection of human beings with the nasopharyngeal form of linguatulosis. However, nasopharyngeal
secretions or feces of carnivores containing eggs of Linguatula are the main sources for infecting human beings with the visceral form of this infection. In the present study, the prevalence
of infection by nymphs of L. serrata in 101 camels in Yazd Province, central Iran, was estimated based on histopathological studies of samples from two, apparently
enlarged, mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), together with one sample from a whitish pinpoint spot on the liver and spleen of each
animal. Thirteen camels (12.9%) were infected with the nymphal stage of L. serrata. Age and sex did not play a significant role in the prevalence of this parasitic infection. The number of parasites in each
MLN ranged from one to six larvae. In view of the consumption of raw or undercooked liver and visceral organs of camel by
humans of this region, the importance of careful inspection at slaughter needs to be emphasized. 相似文献
7.
Over 100 000 goats were grazing freely in isolated herds of 100 to 600 goats in a mountainous area of more than 2000 km2; to the north-east of Darab City in Fars Province in southern Iran. Twenty to fifty percent of the goats in this area were infected with besnoitiosis. Sheep, cattle and donkeys grazing in the same area showed no clinical manifestations of the infection. The diagnosis of the infection in the clinically suspected animals was confirmed by histological studies on skin biopsies from the ear tips and carpal and tarsal regions, and the distribution of this protozoon in the tissues and organs of this intermediate host was studied by post-mortem and histological examinations. Skin biopsies from the carpal and tarsal areas of 12% of clinically normal goats from the infected area were also lightly infected with besnoitia cysts. 相似文献
8.
Abstract Extract Cloisonné kidney, though considered to be a non-clinical entity, has a pathological significance in certain animals, as has been reported in goats from many countries (1) (2) . Pigmentation of renal cortical tubules has also been observed in horsesc (4) . However, no reports are yet available on such a condition in sheep. This communication therefore presents observations on cloisonne kidney in an Iranian sheep. 相似文献
9.
This study investigates the occurrence and distribution pattern of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) within the pancreas, liver, kidney and spleen of naturally infected cultured rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), using immunohistochemistry (IHC). A nested PCR was also employed to confirm the presence of the virus in the pooled tissues of the specimens. All the examined tissues except spleen were immunohistochemically positive for IPNV, but staining intensity and distribution pattern varied. The kidney tubules had the most intense and widespread staining by IHC, indicating a specific tissue tropism at least for this particular serotype. The nucleotide sequence had the greatest identity with the Sp serotype confirming the presence of the nucleic acid of IPNV in the pooled tissues. Based on the present findings, it could be concluded that the absence of lesions consistent with infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) disease in the H&E‐stained sections cannot rule out the presence of the IPNV, and the use of an alternative rapid confirmatory method such as IHC with formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded tissue sections is helpful for the final diagnosis of IPN in rainbow trout. 相似文献
10.
Azizi S Tajbakhsh E Fathi F Oryan A Momtaz H Goodarzi M 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,44(1):113-118
Maedi-visna (MV) is an important slow viral disease of sheep leading to a progressive lymphoproliferative disease. It affects
multiple organs primarily the lungs, where it causes interstitial pneumonia (maedi). In this study, the lungs of 1,000 sheep
carcasses were grossly inspected and those suspected to have maedi were studied at histopathological and molecular levels.
A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique that amplified a 291-base pair DNA in the long terminal repeat (LTR) sequence
of MV provirus was conducted on all the 50 suspected lungs together with 10 normal appearing lungs as controls. Amplicons
of the expected size were detected in 11 (n = 11/50) suspected sheep, and one of the 10 control sheep. Histopathologic study of the pulmonary lesions of all 11 (n = 11/11) positive sheep showed MV lesions, including hyperplasia of the perivascular and peribronchiolar lymphoid cells,
interstitial lymphoplasmacytic infiltration and smooth muscle hyperplasia and the histopathologic findings were correlated
with PCR results. In contrast, the tissue sections of control animals were almost normal at histopathological level; however,
PCR technique demonstrated that one of them was affected by maedi. This study showed that the LTR-PCR had high specificity
and sensitivity in diagnosis of this viral infection. This study is the first to evaluate the prevalence of MV virus infection
in sheep in Iran. 相似文献