稻水象甲发生规律与药剂试验方法的探讨   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

朱世宏  王红旗  田新  解文强  董玉武  邱世栋  安玉云 《农药科学与管理》2003,24(7):15-17

稻水象甲是国际检疫对象，已经是我国北方水稻产区最重要害虫之一，并且呈迅速蔓延之势。此虫主要借助交通工具作远距离传播。成虫危害叶片，幼虫危害根系。一年繁殖一代但有两个危害高峰。新农药田间药效试验如果针对防治成虫、幼虫或者兼治，应在相应的时间、采取不同的方法进行。  相似文献   

Validation of dual-crop coefficient method for calculation of rice evapotranspiration under drying–wetting cycle condition     

Junzeng Xu  Yuping Lv  Likun Ai  Shihong Yang  Yupu He  Twecan Dalson 《Paddy and Water Environment》2017,15(2):381-393

Based on data collected from rice fields under drying–wetting cycle condition, the procedure of dual-crop coefficient (K _cd) approaches was calibrated and validated to reveal its feasibility and improve its performance in rice evapotranspiration (ET _c) estimation. It was found that K _cd based on FAO-recommended basal crop coefficients (K _cb) underestimated dual-crop coefficients in monsoon climate region in East China. The recommended coefficient (K _cp) value of 1.2 was not high enough to reflect the pulse increase of rice ET _c after soil wetting. The K _cb values were calibrated as 1.52 and 0.63 in midseason and late season, and the K _cp value was adjusted as 1.29 after soil wetting in rice field under drying–wetting cycle condition. The dual-crop coefficient curves based on locally calibrated K _cbCal and K _cpCor matched well with the measured crop coefficients and performed well in calculating rice evapotranspiration from paddy fields under drying–wetting cycle condition. So it can be concluded that the procedure of dual-crop coefficient method is feasible in rice ET _c estimation, and locally calibrated K _cb and K _cp can improve its performance remarkably.  相似文献   

制梗丝关键工序烟梗原料有机酸含量的变化     

高辉  唐习书  王仕宏  李思源  肖冬  程亮  李云  祁林 《贵州农业科学》2020,48(1):125-130

为制梗丝关键工序加工方式的改进提供参考依据,利用单因素方差分析和主成分分析法,研究制梗丝过程关键工序烟梗原料中挥发性有机酸和非挥发性有机酸含量的差异性及变化规律。结果表明:在关键工序(原梗、切梗丝、梗丝加料到梗丝干燥后)测定的18种有机酸含量差异均达显著水平,其中14种有机酸含量呈先降后升再降的变化趋势;不同工序烟梗样品2类有机酸前2个主成分得分在二维平面上的投影分布的分类现象明显;烟梗中的有机酸综合含量在切丝工序后显著降低,加料工序后显著升高,干燥工序后又显著降低。为降低高强度气流干燥过程梗丝表面料液香味成分的大量挥发,加料工序料液配方中的部分调味剂和增香剂可在干燥工序后使用,以提高烟用料液的有效利用率。  相似文献   

THE STUDY OF STRAIN FATIGUE CRACK PROPAGATION BEHAVOURS OF VANADIUM BEARING HSLA STEEL     

Sheng Guangmin Gong Shihong Zhu Jinfu 《保鲜与加工》1989,(2):67-72

In this paper, the strain fatigue: crack propagation rates of vanadium bearing HSLA steel with different micro-structures are measured under constant load conditions, and the relationship between the crack propagation rate and the microstructures of steel is also studied.  相似文献   

离心泵全特性若干问题研究     

龚时宏  刘光临 《农业机械学报》1994,25(4):38-43

本文针对６ＳＨ－９型离心泵试验了各工况区多种转速下的全特性，由此分析了利用比例律推求全特性所产生的变异误差及苏特坐标曲线的误差，并从理论及试验两方面分析了同比速同系列泵及同比速同型式但系列不同的水泵全特性通用性问题，最后提出了根据水泵工况区特性预测水轮机工况区特性的计算方程，并同实测结果进行了比较，两者充分一致。  相似文献   

Prediction of daily reference evapotranspiration by a multiple regression method based on weather forecast data     

Junzeng Xu  Weiguang Wang  Shihong Yang  Qi Wei  Yufeng Luo 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(11):1487-1501

Prediction of daily reference evapotranspiration (ET ₀) is the basis of real-time irrigation scheduling. A multiple regression method for ET ₀ prediction based on its seasonal variation pattern and public weather forecast data was presented for application in East China. The forecasted maximum temperature (T _max), minimum temperature (T _min) and weather condition index (WCI) were adopted to calculate the correction coefficient by multilinear regression under five time-division regimes (10 days, monthly, seasonal, semi-annual and annual). The multiple regression method was tested for its feasibility for ET ₀ prediction using forecasted weather data as the input, and the monthly regime was selected as the most suitable. Average absolute error (AAE) and root mean square error (RMSE) were 0.395 and 0.522 mm d^?1, respectively. ET ₀ prediction errors increased linearly with the increase in temperature prediction error. A temperature error within 3 K is likely to result in acceptable ET ₀ predictions, with AAE and average absolute relative error (AARE) <0.142 mm d^?1 and 5.8%, respectively. However, one rank error in WCI results in a much larger error in ET ₀ prediction due to the high sensitivity of the correction coefficient to WCI and the large relative error in WCI caused by one rank deviation. Improving the accuracy of weather forecasts, especially for WCI prediction, is helpful in obtaining better estimations of ET ₀ based on public weather data.  相似文献   

芸香科及樟科8种植物提取物对荔枝蒂蛀虫的产卵驱避作用          下载免费PDF全文

杨长龙  ;江世宏;陈晓琴 《植物保护》2007,33(6):57-59

测试了芸香科及樟科8种植物的乙醇提取物对荔枝蒂蛀虫的产卵驱避作用,发现四季橘和沙田柚提取物对该虫产卵具有较高的驱避作用,选择性驱避率分别为84.26%、53.90%,非选择驱避率分别为90.14%、60.83%;而九里香提取物则对荔枝蒂蛀虫的产卵具有一定的引诱作用。对四季橘提取物用不同的溶剂初步分离后发现,氯仿层和乙酸乙酯层萃取物对该虫的驱避作用最高,分别为84.67%、86.63%,即其活性成分主要分布在氯仿层和乙酸乙酯层萃取物中。  相似文献   

互叶白千层引种与栽培试验初报   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

徐英宝  林仕洪  甘文友 《林业科学研究》1997,10(4):383-388

对近年新引进的互叶白千层苗期和幼林生长效应的研究结果表明，在引种区苗期以湿润沙质壤土生长最好；盆栽施肥在本试验条例上以Ｎ：０．５－１．０；Ｐ：０．６－０．９，Ｋ：０．８－１．２ｇ／盆为适宜施肥量；造林时，施基肥一不施基肥生长显著；林地施不同追肥２个月后，根据树高、地径、地上部分生物量得出的施肥效果排序为：复合肥Ⅱ〉复合肥〉碳氨〉尿素。  相似文献   

混交林的多样性及其光肩星天牛的抗性研究   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

李孟楼  郭新荣  庄世宏  王敦 《林业科学》2005,41(1):157-164

应用DTV技术和理论 ,采用丰富度指数DMa、多样性指数H、均匀度指数JSW 及随林分中抗虫或感虫木比率由高到低变化时林分多样性指数累加值DV,分析人工混交林的多样性测度阈值与光肩星天牛危害率的关系。研究表明 ,多树种的人工混交林具有明显的抵抗蛀干害虫为害的能力 ,但混交林的抗虫力与所选配树种的抗性、抗性树种在混交林中所占的比率有关。当给定混交林分的树种数后 ,光肩星天牛的危害率PZ 与林分的多样性指数累加值DV 的关系符合Logistic模型 ;该模型中的系数a是林分本身的多样性测度值的起始位置 ,随树种数的增多a值具有稳定的增长规律 ;系数rm 的新意是混交林分对光肩星天牛扩大危害的阻力、即潜在的抗虫能力 ,rm 随林分中树种数的增多具有显著增大的趋势。林分的最大多样性测度值KDMa 、Kh、KJsw 也具有相同的变化规律。在 4～7个树种组成的系列混交林内 ,林分的多样性测度阈值DTV随树种数的增加而增高 ,但被害率极值Lvp反而降低。上述规律的意义还在于 ,随混交林中树种数的增加 ,设计或改造现有感虫林时选择树种的余地也增大。  相似文献   

覆膜与水分控制对宁夏设施滴灌番茄产量与品质的影响     

郭彬  莫彦  吴忠东  张彦群  龚贻螣  龚时宏  王建东  李巧灵 《灌溉排水学报》2021,(3)

【目的】探索宁夏设施滴灌番茄覆膜的效果和适宜的灌溉制度,为宁夏地区设施滴灌番茄节水高产种植提供理论依据。【方法】通过2 a试验,在覆膜(M)与不覆膜(NM)条件下,设定4种水分控制水平,灌水频率为7~10 d,W1、W2和W3处理的灌水上限分别为100%FC(田间持水率)、80%FC和70%FC,以当地灌水量为对照(CK,灌水上限为123%FC),研究了覆膜和水分控制对设施滴灌番茄生长、产量、品质与水分生产效率的影响。【结果】番茄株高和茎粗在苗期―开花坐果期生长迅速,受覆膜处理影响显著(P<0.01),受水分控制影响不显著(P>0.05)。随着灌水量的增加,番茄产量先增加后降低,W2M处理的产量和水分生产效率均为最大值,分别为89844.88 kg/hm2和502.5 kg/(hm²·mm),相比覆膜CK分别增加21.4%和63.7%。相比于不覆膜处理,覆膜番茄产量平均增加18.1%,差异达到显著水平(P<0.05),其还原性维生素C和可溶性固形物量分别提高28.9%和22.8%(P<0.05)。覆膜和水分控制均对番茄还原性维生素C量、可溶性固形物和可溶性总糖量的影响达到显著水平(P<0.01),覆膜处理还对可滴定酸量和糖酸比的影响达到显著水平(P<0.05)。【结论】对于宁夏设施滴灌番茄,采用覆膜栽培与80%FC的灌水上限可以获得较高产量和较好品质。  相似文献