Effects of Stocking Density and Monosex Culture of Freshwater Prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii on Growth and Production in Concrete Tanks in Saudi Arabia     

Abdul Qayyum  Siddiqui  Yousef S.  Al-Hafedh  Ahmed H.  Al-Harbi Seikh A.  Ali 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》1997,28(1):106-112

Abstract This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of stocking density and monosex culture on growth, survival, yield and feed conversion ratio of freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii in concrete tanks. Juvenile prawns with an average weight of 1.8 g were stocked into triplicate tanks at densities of 5, 10, 15 and 20 prawns/m², grown for 168 d and fed a 34% tilapia diet. Stocking density had significant effect on prawns. Final mean body weight decreased with the increasing density, being highest at 5 prawns/m² (29.6 9). and lowest at 20 prawns/m² (17.4 g). Total yield increased from 135 g/m² (1,350 kg/ha) at a density of 5 prawns/m² to 261 g/m² (2,610 kg/ha) at density 15/m^z to 245 g/m² (2,450 kg/ha) at 20/m^z. Feed conversion ratios were high and ranged from 3.7 (5 prawns/m²) to 5.6 (20 prawns/m²).
In monosex culture of freshwater prawns stocked in triplicate tanks at a density of 5 prawns/m² for 112 d, the all-male population had the best growth performance and feed conversion ratio, followed by the mixed-sex and all-female populations. The all-male population had 99% marketable prawns (>20 g) with an average yield of 159 g/m² (1,590 kg/ha); the mixed-sex population had 90% marketable prawns and the yield was 135 g/m^z (1,350 kg/ha); and the all-female population had 75% marketable prawns with an average yield of 108 g/m² (1,080 kgha).  相似文献   

Effect of root-exudates of Neem and Persian lilac on plant parasitic nematodes     

Dr. M. A. Siddiqui  Dr. M. M. Alam 《Journal of pest science》1989,62(2):33-35

Root-exudates of Neem/Margosa and Bakain/Persian lilac brought about considerable mortality ofHoplolaimus indicus, Helicotylenchus indicus, Tylenchus filiformis, Tylenchorhynchus brassicae, Rotylenchulus reniformis andMeloidogyne incognita, however, to varying extent. The root-exudate of Neem was more toxic to nematodes than that of Bakain. The root-exudates also inhibited larval hatch ofM. incognita.  相似文献   

Detection and molecular characterization of naturally transmitted sheep associated malignant catarrhal fever in cattle in India     

Richa Sood  Rekha Khandia  Sandeep Bhatia  Divakar Hemadri  Manoj Kumar  Sharan S. Patil  Atul K. Pateriya  Arshi Siddiqui  Malkanna Sanjeev Kumar  Mudalagiri Dasappa Venkatesha  Diwakar D. Kulkarni 《Tropical animal health and production》2014,46(6):1037-1043

Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) is a fatal herpesvirus infection of domestic and wild ruminants, with a short and dramatic clinical course characterized primarily by high fever, severe depression, swollen lymph nodes, salivation, diarrhea, dermatitis, neurological disorders, and ocular lesions often leading to blindness. In the present study, fatal clinical cases of sheep associated malignant catarrhal fever (SA-MCF) were identified in cattle in the state of Karnataka. These cases were initially presented with symptoms of diarrhea, respiratory distress, conjunctivitis, and nasal discharges. Laboratory diagnosis confirmed the detection of ovine herpesvirus-2 (OvHV-2) genome in the peripheral blood samples of two ailing animals. The blood samples collected subsequently from sheep of the neighboring areas also showed presence of OvHV-2 genome indicating a nidus of infection in the region. The positive test results were further confirmed by nucleotide sequencing of the OIE approved portion of tegument gene as well as complete ORF8 region of the OvHV-2 genome. Phylogenetic analysis based on the sequence of the latter region indicated close genetic relationship with other OvHV-2 reported elsewhere in the world.  相似文献   

Effects of sex ratio, stocking density and age of hybrid tilapia on seed production in concrete tanks in Saudi Arabia     

A.Q. Siddiqui  A.H. Al-Harbi 《Aquaculture International》1997,5(3):207-216

The influence of sex ratio, stocking density and age of hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus X O. aureus) brood fish on seed production in concrete tanks were evaluated in 1992 and 1993. A sex ratio of 1:2 and 1:3 (male: female) and a density of 2 fish m-2 gave the best result with respect to number of seed female-1 day-1 and number of seed kg-1-1 female day-1. Maximum seed production female-1 day-1 was recorded for 3-year-old females and the minimum for 1-year-olds, but in terms of seed kg-1 female day-1 and seed m-2 day-1, 1-year-olds produced the maximum number of seed followed by 2-, 3- and 4-year-old females. Seasonal pattern in seed production was apparently influenced by season and temperature. From the first harvest on 21 April 1993 the production increased gradually, reaching a peak during the third harvest and a second peak during the sixth harvest. Thereafter seed production gradually decreased, reaching a minimum during the tenth harvest on 27 October 1993. No seed were found during the last harvest of 18 November 1993. Maximum production coincided with the highest water temperature of around 28°C.  相似文献   

Plasma replacement for in vitro culture of Plasmodium knowlesi     

Q M Geiman  W A Siddiqui  J V Schnell 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1966,153(740):1129-1130

Of six fractions of human plasma tested, only Cohn's fraction IV-4 was effective for the replacement of whole plasma from monkey (Macaca mulatta) for the in vitro culture of Plasmodium knowlesi. The effects observed on multiplication and morphology of parasites suggest a specific role of some substance or substances in fraction IV-4.  相似文献   

BCG vaccination of neonatal calves: potential roles for innate immune cells in the induction of protective immunity     

Siddiqui N  Price S  Hope J 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2012,35(3):219-226

Bovine tuberculosis is a disease of increasing incidence in the UK causing major economic losses and with significant impact on bovine and, potentially human health: the causative agent Mycobacterium bovis is a zoonotic pathogen. Neonatal vaccination with the attenuated M. bovis Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG) vaccine confers a significant degree of protection in cattle, and is a widely used control strategy for human TB. The adaptive immune system is relatively immature in neonates and increased numbers of innate effector cells present in young animals and human infants may compensate for this, enabling effective immune responses to vaccination. Natural killer cells and subsets of γδ TCR+ T lymphocytes secrete high levels of interferon gamma and can interact with antigen presenting cells to promote both innate and adaptive immune responses. These cell populations may be pivotal in determining immune bias following neonatal vaccination with BCG.  相似文献   

Incidence of dieback disease following fungal inoculations of sexually and asexually propagated shisham (Dalbergia sissoo)     

By I. Ahmad  R. A. Khan  M. T. Siddiqui 《Forest Pathology》2013,43(1):77-82

Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo) is an important multipurpose tree with great economic importance, but this tree has been devastated by dieback disease. Seedlings and asexually propagated (cuttings) plants were artificially inoculated with four fungi (Fusarium solani, Botryodiplodia theobromae, Curvularia lunata and Ganoderma lucidum) to evaluate the potential role of these fungi in shisham dieback disease. Results at 2 years revealed that highest disease was caused by inoculation of F. solani (31.39%), followed by B. theobromae (19.042%) and C. lunata (12.22%), but no dieback disease was caused by G. lucidum. During both years, seedlings exhibited greater susceptibility to disease (17.24%) compared to cuttings (7.83%). In particular, F. solani caused more disease in seedlings (46.18%) compared to cuttings (16.61%). With the F. solani inoculations, maximum disease rate was observed at 8 weeks post‐inoculation both in seedlings (77%) and in cuttings (31%), but the maximum disease increase was observed at 4–5 weeks post‐inoculation. Analysis of variance showed significant differences among the different fungi and also between seedlings and cuttings. F. solani can be considered as a major fungal pathogen contributing to dieback disease of shisham, and asexual propagation can reduce the severity of dieback.  相似文献   

Effects of Dietary Protein Levels on Gonad Maturation, Size and Age at First Maturity, Fecundity and Growth of Nile Tilapia     

Y.S. Al Hafedh  A.Q. Siddiqui  M.Y. Al-Saiady 《Aquaculture International》1999,7(5):319-332

Six-week-old Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry with an average weight (SD) of 0.51(0.2) g were reared for 140 days on five formulated, isocaloric diets of different protein levels (25, 30, 40 and 45% by dry weight). Fish fed diets of higher protein levels (40 and 45%) showed better growth and feed conversion ratio than those on lower protein levels. Fast-growing fish matured earlier. Maturation rate was affected by the dietary protein levels. Males matured earlier than females: the first mature males were recorded when they were 14 weeks old, whereas the females matured after 18 weeks. In both sexes, mean percentage of mature fish rose with increasing dietary protein level, the percentage of mature males being higher than that of the females. Similarly, the percentage of mature fish rose with the increasing age of fish, with more than 50% males and females mature at the age of 22 and 24 weeks, respectively, the exception being the 25% protein diet fed fish, where the percentage of mature fish was below 50%. In all treatments, spawning was initiated when the fish were 22 weeks old. Smallest size at spawning of males and females was 9.2 cm (13.1 g) and 8.1 cm (8.9 g), respectively, and dietary protein levels influenced the size of fish at first maturity. For both sexes, no difference was found in the gonado-somatic index (GSI) among different treatments. Fecundity increased with increasing dietary protein levels, but significant differences were found only between 40–45% and 25–35% dietary protein levels. The relative fecundity (eggs g^–1 female) was higher at the lower dietary protein levels (25–35%) than at the higher dietary protein levels (40–45%). The dietary protein levels did not have any significant influence on the size and weight of mature eggs. The chemical composition of fish and mature ovaries was significantly influenced by the dietary protein level.  相似文献   

Effect of dietary protein level on the reproductive performance of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

A Q Siddiqui  Y S Al-Hafedh  S A Ali 《Aquaculture Research》1998,29(5):349-358

The effects of five dietary protein levels (25%, 30%, 35%, 40% and 45%) on the individual spawning frequency and the egg production of 135 tagged female Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.), were studied from 8 May to 19 November 1996 in outdoor concrete tanks. Virtually identical spawning patterns were found in all treatments, but there was a great deal of variation in the frequency of spawning and egg production. Overall, individual spawning frequency varied from one to 14 and individual egg production from 31 to 2828 eggs per spawning. The average number of spawnings and average number of eggs per spawning for fish receiving dietary protein levels of 25%, 30%, 35%, 40% and 45% were 8.0 ±1.6, 8.4 ± 2.2, 8.5 ± 2.7, 8.4 ± 2.5 and 9.4 ± 2.1 spawnings, and 1167 ± 305, 1082 ± 410, 1288 ± 324, 1145 ± 389 and 1328 ± 311 eggs per spawning, respectively. Fish receiving 45% dietary protein spawned more frequently than fish receiving 25% dietary protein. The total number of eggs produced per female was significantly higher for females fed 45% protein feed than females receiving 25% and 30% protein feeds. No definite trend was found in the number of eggs produced per spawning and the number of eggs produced per gram in females fed at different protein levels. Based on weekly checking, the time interval between spawnings varied from 7 to 77 days, and mean spawning intervals ranged from 15.8 to 17.1 days. Sixty per cent of females spawned after an interval 14 days, 15% after 21 days, 13.6% after 7 days, 7.2% after 28 days, 1.8% after 35 days and 1.0% after 42 days, and the time interval was 49-77 days for the rest of the females (1.5%). In all treatments, maximum spawning activity was recorded from May to August, and thereafter, it gradually decreased and no spawning females were found in November.  相似文献   

Effect of neem cake on persistence of diazinon and endosulfan in paddy soil     

Shahida Akhtar  Misbahuddin  Pirzada M. H. Siddiqui  Umar K. Baloch 《Pest management science》1998,52(3):218-222

Experiments were carried out to study the influence of two types of neem cake (solvent-extracted, NC-I and expeller-extracted, NC-II) on the persistence in soil of diazinon and endosulfan applied as commercial formulations. It was found that both types of neem cake applied at 10, 20 or 30 g ha^-1 prolonged the period of degradation as compared with soils without neem cake amendment, and hence increased the persistence of the insecticides. There was little difference in the effect of the two types of neem cake. Treatment of the soil with insecticide 10 days after amendment with neem cake did not lead to any increase in persistence; for a good response, treatment of soil with insecticide and with neem cake must be done at the same time. © 1998 SCI.  相似文献