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1.
Four groups of Indian buffaloes were fed daily with 25 mg of p,p′-DDT p,p′-TDE p,p′-DDE or o,p′-DDT for 100 days. Milk was analysed for organochlorine residues during this period and also for 100 days after pesticide administration had been discontinued. For the period showing ‘plateau level’ residues, 17.2% of p,p′-DDE, 17% of p,p′-TDE, 14% of p,p′-DDT as p,p′-DDT (3.5%); p,p′-TDE (10.5%); 3.2% of p,p′-DDT as o,p′-DDT (1.3%) and o,p'-TDE (1.9%) of their administered amounts were excreted in the milk. Since these compounds were excreted at different rates, the residue levels in the milk expected from a given feed would depend on their concentration and proportional distribution in the feed. The maximum tolerable content of DDT analogues in feed was derived to be 0.1 mg kg?1 (dry weight basis) by using the maximum accumulation coefficient and incorporation of the necessary safety margin. It is concluded that Indian buffaloes fed with rations contaminated with a total of DDT analogues below this limit will yield milk of acceptable quality. Following the termination of feeding with contaminated rations, the elimination of p,p′-DDE in the milk took the longest time and that of o,p′-DDT the shortest. These results suggest that the time required for the initial high residue concentration to decline to less than the legal limit would be determined by the relative amounts of DDE, TDE and DDT in the milk, after elimination of the potent source of contamination. 相似文献
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The protein quality of high lysine barley genotypes Notch1 Notch2,Riso-1508 and Hiproly grown in Indian soil was evaluated by determining amino acid composition and also by rat growth and nitrogen balance studies. Protein and fat contents were found to be highest in Riso-1508. Lysine concentration (5.26 g/16g N) of Riso-1508 was also highest compared to the other high lysine genotypes. Rat feeding trials indicated that the growth promoting qualities of the proteins of genotype Riso-1508 were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than the low lysine barley genotype. The comparatively low lysine barley diet had more digestible protein than the high lysine barley diet. However, the BV and NPU of the high lysine barley were significantly (p < 0.05) higher. This improvement is of importance in meeting the essential amino acid requirements of man as well as other monogastric animals. The study showed that the high lysine barley harvested in Indian agroclimatic conditions retained high lysine quality. 相似文献
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The excretion of HCH (hexachlorocyclohexane) residues in the milk of Indian buffalo, the main milch cattle of India, after oral or dermal exposure to technical HCH was studied. Following the intake of 10, 25,50 and 100 mg of technical HCH by different groups of buffaloes, HCH residues in milk showed an initial rapid rise but soon attained a dose-dependent equilibrium. The transfer coefficient of HCH residues in milk fat at 'plateau' showed an average value of about 15%. Half-life values for the rate of decline of HCH residues during the post-dosing period were computed according to a two open-compartment model. Dermal application of technical HCH to buffaloes also resulted in significant residues in milk. The proportions of alpha-, beta-, gamma- and delta-isomers of HCH in milk of buffaloes following oral and dermal routes of exposures were different. The significance of these results in the regulation of HCH residues in milk is discussed. 相似文献
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Singh K Rani A Kumar S Sood P Mahajan M Yadav SK Singh B Ahuja PS 《Tree physiology》2008,28(9):1349-1356
Tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) leaves are a major source of flavonoids that mainly belong to the flavan 3-ols or catechins. Apart from being responsible for tea quality, these compounds have medicinal properties. Flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H) is an abundant enzyme in tea leaves that catalyzes the stereospecific hydroxylation of (2S)-naringenin to form (2R,3R)-dihydrokaempferol. We report a full-length cDNA sequence of F3H from tea (CsF3H Accession no. AY641730). CsF3H comprised 1365 bp with an open reading frame of 1107 nt (from 43 to 1149) encoding a polypeptide of 368 amino acids. Expression of CsF3H in an expression vector in Escherichia coli yielded a functional protein with a specific activity of 32 nmol min(-1) mg protein(-1). There was a positive correlation between the concentration of catechins and CsF3H expression in leaves of different developmental stages. CsF3H expression was down-regulated in response to drought, abscisic acid and gibberellic acid treatment, but up-regulated in response to wounding. The concentration of catechins paralleled the expression data. Exposure of tea shoots to 50-100 microM catechins led to down-regulation of CsF3H expression suggesting substrate mediated feedback regulation of the gene. The strong correlation between the concentration of catechins and CsF3H expression indicates a critical role of F3H in catechin biosynthesis. 相似文献
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Sudesh Jood Amin C. Kapoor Ram Singh 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1993,43(1):45-54
Total soluble sugar, reducing sugar, non-reducing sugar and starch contents of wheat, maize and sorghum grains were affected adversely at 25, 50 and 75% insect infestation caused byTrogoderma granarium Everts andRhizopertha dominica Fabricius, separately and mixed population.R. dominica caused significant (P<0.05) reduction in available carbohydrates at 50 and 75% infestation levels whereasT. granarium achieved similar effect at 75%. Mixture of both insect species caused intermediate losses. Storage of cereal grains up to 4 months resulted in substantial increase in sugars and decrease in starch content, but storage for a shorter period of time did not cause any significant changes in levels of carbohydrates. 相似文献
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Amino acid composition and chemical evaluation of protein quality of cereals as affected by insect infestation 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Sudesh Jood Amin C. Kapoor Ram Singh 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1995,48(2):159-167
A significant decrease in essential amino acids of wheat, maize and sorghum was observed due to grain infestation caused by mixed populations ofTrogoderma granarium Everts andRhizopertha dominica Fabricius (50:50). Non-essential amino acids were also adversely affected. Among the essential amino acids, maximum reduction was found in methionine, isoleucine and lysine in infested wheat, maize and sorghum grains, respectively. Lysine, with lowest chemical score in uninfested and infested grains of three cereals, is the first limiting amino acid. Insect infestation caused significant (p<0.05) reduction in the chemical score of all the essential amino acids, yet did not change the position of first and second limiting amino acids in wheat and sorghum. However, in case of maize, isoleucine became the second limiting amino acid. Infested grains also showed substantial reduction in essential amino acid index, calculated biological value and requirement index. 相似文献
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Lakshman Santra R.S. Rajmani G.V.P.P.S. Ravi Kumar Shikha Saxena Sujoy K. Dhara Amit Kumar Aditya Prasad Sahoo Lakshya Veer Singh G.S. Desai Uttara Chaturvedi Sudesh Kumar Ashok K. Tiwari 《Research in veterinary science》2014
The Non-Structural protein 1 of Canine Parvovirus-2 (CPV2.NS1) plays a major role in viral cytotoxicity and pathogenicity. CPV2.NS1 has been proven to cause apoptosis in HeLa cells in vitro in our laboratory. Here we report that CPV2.NS1 has no toxic side effects on healthy cells but regresses skin tumors in Wistar rats. Histopathological examination of tumor tissue from CPV2.NS1 treated group revealed infiltration of mononuclear and polymorphonuclear cells with increased extra cellular matrix, indicating signs of regression. Tumor regression was also evidenced by significant decrease in mitotic index, AgNOR count and PCNA index, and increase in TUNEL positive apoptotic cells in CPV2.NS1 treated group. Further, CPV2.NS1 induced anti-tumor immune response through significant increase in CD8+ and NK cell population in CPV2.NS1 treated group. These findings suggest that CPV2.NS1 can be a possible therapeutic candidate as an alternative to chemotherapy for the treatment of cancer. 相似文献
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Sudesh Jood Amin C. Kapoor 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1994,46(3):237-243
There were substantial losses in thiamine, riboflavin and niacin contents of wheat, maize and sorghum grains at three infestation levels (25, 50 and 75%) caused by releasing two insect species viz.,Trogoderma granarium andRhizopertha dominica separately and mixed population. Losses were to the extent of 65 to 69% (thiamine), 50 to 67% (riboflavin) and 10 to 32% (niacin) due toT. granarium and 23 to 29% (thiamine), 13 to 18% (riboflavin) and 4 to 14% (niacin) due toR. dominica at 75% level of infestation in three cereal grains. Storage of grains (1–4 months) in insect free conditions did not show appreciable changes in the vitamin contents. 相似文献
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Sourindra Nath Jana Sudesh Sudhir Krishan Garg Vinod Pal Sabhlok 《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2013,25(1):69-80
Two experiments were conducted to study the effect of methionine- and lysine-supplemented raw and hydrothermically processed full-fat soybean as a dietary protein source on growth performance, digestibility, and digestive enzyme activity in grey mullet, Mugil cephalus (mean BW 0.55 g), and milkfish, Chanos chanos (mean BW 3.83 g). Eight isocaloric (gross energy about 18.27 kj g?1) and isonitrogenous (crude protein about 40%) diets (1–4 = raw soybean based; 5–8 = processed full-fat soybean based) were formulated. A fishmeal-based diet was used as the reference/control diet. Growth performance, nutrient retention, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and protein digestibility in fishes correlated well with the trypsin inhibitor activity levels of the diets. Carcass phosphorous levels were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in fish fed the fishmeal control diet. Irrespective of the fish species, significantly (P < 0.05) lower levels of total ammonia excretion and reactive phosphate production (mg kg?1 BW d?1) were recorded where the fish were fed processed full-fat soybean diets compared with the fish fed fishmeal or raw soybean diets. Among these diets, the best growth performance and the lowest levels of metabolic waste were obtained in fishes fed the methionine- and lysine-supplemented processed soybean-based diets containing no fishmeal. 相似文献