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1.
ABSTRACT: The appropriate water velocity in artificial burrows for theJapanese crayfish species Cambaroides japonicus was studied.An experimental system of two artificial burrows (burrows A and B)of the same size was set in a large tank. The velocity of burrowA was 0 cm/s and that of burrow B was varied andset at 0 cm/s, 5 cm/s, 10 cm/s,20 cm/s and 30 cm/s. The selectionof these two burrows by C. japonicus was observed. No animalsselected burrow B significantly more than burrow A above 10 cm/s.At 20 cm/s, some crayfishes were swept away andcould not return to burrows because of the high water velocity.At 30 cm/s, most animals were swept away. We concludethat the appropriate water velocity for the suitability of artificialburrows and the immediate foraging area adjacent to the burrowsshould be as low as 5 cm/s. 相似文献
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HIDEHIRO INAGAKI YOSHIKI ISHIDA AKIRA UCHINO KIMIHIKO KATO CHIZUKO KAGEYAMA HIROYUKI IYOZUMI HIDEKI NUKUI 《Weed Biology and Management》2008,8(2):78-84
We examined the ultraweak photon emissions from a paddy weed, Scirpus juncoides , to assess the availability of photon emissions for the identification of weed biotypes resistant to sulfonylurea herbicides. The emission intensity from the plant organs increased when treated with a sulfonylurea herbicide in a concentration-dependent manner. The increment in emissions was higher in the sulfonylurea-resistant biotypes than in the sulfonylurea-susceptible biotypes. The difference between the biotypes was greater in the culms than in the roots and remained so through the vegetative growth stage to the flowering stage. This difference was independent of the seed source or mutations in the acetolactate synthase genes of the resistant biotypes. These results suggest that the determination of ultraweak photon emissions can be a useful method for identifying the sulfonylurea-resistant biotypes of S. juncoides. 相似文献
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HIDEHIRO INAGAKI AKIRA YAMAGUCHI KIMIHIKO KATO CHIZUKO KAGEYAMA HIROYUKI IYOZUMI YOKO OKI 《Weed Biology and Management》2008,8(4):276-283
The antifungal activity of the leaf extracts from 203 weed species was investigated by performing a bioassay using cucumber plants and Colletotrichum orbiculare. The leaf extracts from four families, namely, Urticaceae, Onagraceae, Commelinaceae, and Solanaceae, showed a relatively stronger inhibition of the anthracnose lesions in cucumber plants when compared with the other families investigated in the study. A remarkable inhibition of anthracnose infection in cucumber leaves was observed with the extracts from the following 19 weed species: Boehmeria nipononivea and Boehmeria longispica, Persicaria scabra, Ranunculus japonicus and Ranunculus sceleratus, Cardamine flexuosa, Oenothera biennis, Aeschynomene indica, Indigofera pseudo‐tinctoria, Torilis scabra, Calystegia japonica, Solanum americanum, Bidens pilosa, Gnaphalium japonicum, Kalimeris yomena, Bromus catharticus, Cynodon dactylon, Alopecurus aequalis, and Scirpus tabernaemontani. In particular, it is noteworthy that the extracts from C. dactylon, K. yomena, and S. americanum completely inhibited anthracnose infection in cucumber. 相似文献
4.
Methane uptake and nitrous oxide emission in Japanese forest soils and their relationship to soil and vegetation types 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
Tomoaki MORISHITA Tadashi SAKATA Masamichi TAKAHASHI Shigehiro ISHIZUKA Takeo MIZOGUCHI Yoshiyuki INAGAKI Kazuhiko TERAZAWA Satoshi SAWATA Masanori IGARASHI Hiroshi YASUDA Yasuhiro KOYAMA Yoshihito SUZUKI Nobuyuki TOYOTA Masamichi MURO Masaru KINJO Hirokazu YAMAMOTO Daitaro ASHIYA Yoichi KANAZAWA Tetsu HASHIMOTO Hidetaka UMATA 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2007,53(5):678-691
5.
Biological sound scattering characteristics in a frontal region between warm and cold waters were examined at the southern edge of a Kuroshio warm-core ring off Sanriku, the northeast coast of Japan. The scattering strength was low in the surrounding cold water and high in the warm-core ring. The depth and thickness of sound-scattering layers changed in accordance with the vertical structure of the water mass during the day or at night. Intense, thick scattering layers were observed on the warm-water side of the front and farther inside the warm-core ring. Fish schools were distributed in the mixed layer warmer than 17°C at depths of 10-30m above the scattering layers on the warm-water side of the front. 相似文献
6.
Evidence of a local spawning site of marine eels along northeastern Japan, based on the distribution of small leptocephali 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
YOBUO KIMURA MICHAEL J. MILLER GEN MINAGAWA SHUN WATANABE AKIRA SHINODA JUN AOYAMA TADASHI INAGAKI KATSUMI TSUKAMOTO 《Fisheries Oceanography》2006,15(2):183-190
Evidence of recent spawning by several species of marine eels of the families Congridae, Ophichthidae, and Nettastomatidae was found over the continental shelf along the coast of northeastern Japan in October 2003. Sixty‐three leptocephali of at least three taxa that ranged from 3.8 to 12.3 mm total length were collected in a relatively small area, just to the south of Cape Shioya, primarily over the 100‐and 200‐m‐depth contours. The leptocephali of Gnathophis nystromi nystromi were the most abundant, followed by those of G. nystromi ginanago. This spawning area is located in an area that appeared to include water originating from the Tsugaru Warm Current and is further south than the typical latitude of the cold water of the Oyashio First Intrusion. These findings suggest that some species of marine eels may not migrate past the slope to spawn, and that the oceanographic features of the region may provide favorable conditions for the growth and retention of leptocephali in the area to the south of Cape Shioya. 相似文献
7.
Lipid peroxidation-derived hepatotoxic aldehydes, 4-hydroxy-2E-hexenal in smoked fish meat products 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
DEEPTHI MS MUNASINGHE KEN-ICHIRO ICHIMARU MIYO RYUNO NOBUHIKO UEKI TAKANAO MATSUI KAZUHIRO SUGAMOTO SATOSHI KAWAHARA TADASHI SAKAI 《Fisheries Science》2003,69(1):189-194
ABSTRACT: Contents of 4-hydroxy-2 E -hexenal (HHE), hepatotoxic aldehydes, in smoked fish meat products (smoked salmon and fish meat sausage) were analyzed. Large differences in these contents between the different samples were observed. Very low levels of HHE were detected in fish meat sausage samples. However, a high level of HHE was observed in one batch of smoked salmon. Changes of HHE contents in yellowtail meat containing cherry and sugi wood vinegar stored at 0°C were also analyzed for 7 days. Malonaldehyde (MA) was also analyzed in these samples as an index of the lipid peroxidation level. After 3 or 7 days of storage, HHE contents in both wood vinegar-added samples were significantly higher, but MA contents were significantly lower than those of the control. 相似文献
8.
MINORU ICHIHARA HIDEHIRO INAGAKI KAZUO MATSUNO CHIEKO SAIKI MASAYUKI YAMASHITA HITOSHI SAWADA 《Weed Biology and Management》2012,12(3):131-135
The potential impact of postdispersal seed predation by the field cricket, Teleogryllus emma (Ohmachi et Matsuura), on the seedling emergence of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), a non‐native grass weed in Japan, was determined. The relationship between cricket density and the proportion of seedling emergence was investigated by conducting manipulative experiments in duplicate, using enclosures. One‐thousand seeds of Italian ryegrass were exposed to adult crickets at different densities (zero, one, two, four and eight individuals per 2.25 m2 enclosure) for 2 weeks. The proportion of seedling emergence decreased with increasing cricket density. The proportion of seedling emergence in the enclosures without the crickets was 90.9–97.2%, whereas the seedling emergence in the enclosures with eight crickets greatly decreased, to 0.5–2.5%. These results suggest that postdispersal seed predation by T. emma can substantially decrease the abundance of Italian ryegrass at an early life stage and reduce its population in environments with a high density of crickets. 相似文献
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A non-linear finite element method is employed to determine the equilibrium configuration and tension distribution of a net set in a uniform current. The method models each mesh bar in the net as an infinitely flexible rope element connected at each end to other elements by a frictionless hinge. The Newton-Raphson method is used to solve the basic non-linear simultaneous equations with respect to tension in mesh bar and knot displacements. Global convergence to the correct solution from an initially estimated state is ensured using a loading iteration in addition to the common configuration iterative procedure in order to accurately model the shape-dependent characteristic of hydrodynamic forces. The method is shown to predict the shape and tension distribution of fishing nets with reasonable accuracy in the case examined in the present study. 相似文献