Quantitative structure-activity analysis of larvicidal 1-(substituted benzoyl)-2-benzoyl-1-tert-butylhydrazines against Chilo suppressalis     

Nobuhiro Oikawa  Yoshiaki Nakagawa  Keiichiro Nishimura  Tamio Ueno  Toshio Fujita 《Pest management science》1994,41(2):139-147

The larvicidal activity of a number of 1-(substituted benzoyl)-2-benzoyl–1 -ten-butylhydrazines against the rice stem borer (Chilo suppressalis Walk.) was measured. Variations in the activity were examined quantitatively using physico-chemical substituent and molecular parameters and regression analysis. The results indicated that the molecular hydrophobicity and the electron-withdrawing inductive/ field effect of ontho substituents are favourable to larvicidal activity. The bulkiness of substituents at the meta and para positions was unfavourable to activity, substitution at the para position being more unfavourable than that at the meta position in terms of van der Waals' volume. The 2,3–, 2,5- and 2,6-disubstitution patterns were also unfavourable to activity. Reductions in larvicidal activity caused by the 2,6-,- 2,3,5- and 2,3,4,5-substitutions were greater than those induced by the 2,3- and 2,5-disubstitutions. When the sum of contributions from favourable effects is greater than that from unfavourable effects, the larvicidal activity is expected to be superior to that of the unsubstituted compound.  相似文献   

A survey of canine echinococcosis in Gobi Altai Province of Mongolia by coproantigen detection     

Zoljargal P  Ganzorig S  Nonaka N  Oku Y  Kamiya M 《The Japanese journal of veterinary research》2001,49(2):125-129

Few studies have been carried out for the prevalence of canine echinococcosis in Mongolia. This study was designed to elucidate a preliminary information of the prevalence from feces collected in the field. Sixty-seven fecal samples from dogs and 2 red foxes in Altai town were collected and examined for Echinococcus coproantigen and eggs. Coproantigen detection was performed by a sandwich ELISA using a monoclonal antibody EmA9 raised against Echinococcus multilocularis somatic antigen. Of the dog samples examined, 17 (25.4%) were positive by the ELISA. One out of two foxes was positive, too. Taeniid egg-positive feces were recognized in 12 dog feces. Only 6 samples were both coproantigen and egg positive. Eggs of Ancylostoma sp., Trichuris sp.; and Capillaria sp.; were also registered.  相似文献   

Quantitative structure—activity studies of insect growth regulators. XI. Stimulation and inhibition of N-acetylglucosamine incorporation in a cultured integument system by substituted N-tert-butyl-N,N′-dibenzoylhydrazines     

Yoshiaki Nakagawa  Yoshihiro Soya  Katsumi Nakai  Nobuhiro Oikawa  Keiichiro Nishimura  Tamio Ueno  Toshio Fujita  Norio Kurihara 《Pest management science》1995,43(4):339-345

The ability to stimulate N-acetylglucosamine (GluNAc) incorporation in-vitro of a number of N-tert-butyl-N,N′-dibenzoylhydrazines having various substituents on both phenyl rings was measured in cultured integument excised from the rice stem borer (Chilo suppressalis Walker). The relationship between in-vitro and larvicidal potency was approximately linear. The substituent effects on variations in the potency were similar between in-vitro and larvicidal activities. An inhibitor of oxidative detoxication, piperonyl butoxide, had no synergistic effects on the in-vitro potency. The ability of some dibenzoylhydrazines to inhibit GluNAc incorporation at exposure periods longer than the optimum for stimulation was also measured in a similar cultured integument system. The relationship between the inhibitory and stimulatory potency indices was linear, indicating that the larvicidal activity of dibenzoylhydrazines is closely related to its ability to stimulate as well as to inhibit GluNAc incorporation into the larval cuticle.  相似文献   

Dose dependency of prednisolone on the establishment of Echinococcus multilocularis infection in an alternative definitive host, Mongolian gerbil     

Matsuo K  Tada T  Nonaka N  Oku Y  Kamiya M 《The Japanese journal of veterinary research》2000,47(3-4):145-149

This study revealed the dose dependency of prednisolone tertiary-butylacetate (PTBA) treatment on the establishment of Echinococcus multilocularis in the small intestine of Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) and that some of the physiological parameters of host were correlated with the doses of PTBA and establishment of the worm. Twenty Mongolian gerbils were divided into 5 groups, according to the doses of PTBA; 0 mg, 0.5 mg, 2 mg, 5 mg and 10 mg per head. All animals were injected intraperitoneally with PTBA every other day from 6 days before to 6 days after infection. Doses of PTBA and the number of worms recovered at 7 days post-infection showed a positive correlation (r = 0.929, P < 0.0001). The increase of total protein (TP) and the decrease of the percentage of lymphocytes in the peripheral leukocytes were dependent on doses of PTBA (TP: r = 0.811, P < 0.0001, percentage of lymphocyte: r = -0.92, P < 0.0001). The TP and the percentage of lymphocyte also correlated with the number of worms recovered (TP: r = 0.617, P = 0.0049; percentage of lymphocyte: r = -0.800, P < 0.0001).  相似文献   

Some helminths of the red fox, Vulpes vulpes schlencki Kishida, in Hokkaido, Japan, with a description of a new trematode, Massaliatrema yamashitai n. sp.     

H Kamiya  M Obayashi 《The Japanese journal of veterinary research》1975,23(2):60-68

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Specific detection of potentially allergenic kiwifruit in foods using polymerase chain reaction     

Taguchi H  Watanabe S  Hirao T  Akiyama H  Sakai S  Watanabe T  Matsuda R  Urisu A  Maitani T 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(5):1649-1655

Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa and Actinidia chinensis) is allergenic to sensitive patients, and, under Japanese regulations, it is one of the food items that are recommended to be declared on food labeling as much as possible. To develop PCR-based methods for the detection of trace amounts of kiwifruit in foods, two primer pairs targeting the ITS-1 region of the Actinidia spp. were designed using PCR simulation software. On the basis of the known distribution of a major kiwifruit allergen (actinidin) within the Actinidia spp., as well as of reports on clinical and immunological cross-reactivities, one of the primer pairs was designed to detect all Actinidia spp. and the other to detect commercially grown Actinidia spp. (i.e., kiwifruit, Actinidia arguta, and their interspecific hybrids) except for Actinidia polygama. The specificity of the developed methods using the designed primer pairs was verified by performing PCR experiments on 8 Actinidia spp. and 26 other plants including fruits. The methods were considered to be specific enough to yield target-size products only from the target Actinidia spp. and to detect no target-size products from nontarget species. The methods were sensitive enough to detect 5-50 fg of Actinidia spp. DNA spiked in 50 ng of salmon testis DNA used as a carrier (1-10 ppm of kiwifruit DNA) and 1700 ppm (w/w) of fresh kiwifruit puree spiked in a commercial plain yogurt (corresponding to ca. 10 ppm of kiwifruit protein). These methods would be expected to be useful in the detection of hidden kiwifruit and its related species in processed foods.  相似文献   

Is experience on a farm an effective approach to understanding animal products and the management of dairy farming?     

Mariko Mochizuki  Masahiro Osada  Katsumi Ishioka  Takako Matsubara  Yutaka Momota  Norio Yumoto  Toshinori Sako  Shinji Kamiya  Itaru Yoshimura 《Animal Science Journal》2014,85(3):323-329

The understanding of animal products and dairy farming is important for the promotion of dairy farming. Thus, to examine the effects of farm experience on the understanding of animal products and the management of dairy farming, the interaction between students and dairy cows was investigated in groups of first‐year veterinary nursing students in 2011 and 2012 (n = 201). These students included 181 women and 20 men. Nine items about dairy cows were presented in a questionnaire. The survey was performed before and after praxis on the educational farm attached to the authors' university. After praxis on the farm, increases occurred in the number of positive responses to the items involving the price of milk, dairy farming and the taste of milk. For these items, a significant difference (P < 0.05) was found between the scores obtained before and after training. The results of the study suggested that farm experience is useful for improving the understanding of animal products and dairy farming.  相似文献   

A note on the occurrence of the vampire squid Vampyroteuthis infernalis Chun off the Pacific coast of Japan, including the first capture off Hokkaido     

John R. Bower  Tsunemi Kubodera  Dhugal J. Lindsay  Naonobu Shiga  Saya Shimura  Fumikazu Sano  Naoto Horii  Tamio Kamiya  Mio Tateyama 《Fisheries Science》2006,72(2):446-448

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A New Approach for Characterization of Single Raindrops     

Chang-Jin Ma  Mikio Kasahara  Susumu Tohno  Tomihiro Kamiya 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2001,130(1-4):1601-1606

To determine the characteristics of single raindrops as a function of their size, the collodion film method was newly applied to the sampling of single raindrops. Sampling of single raindrops was performed at a height of 20 m above ground level of the Kyoto University building located in Uji, Japan during rain events from September to November 1999. It was possible to get successfully replicas of raindrop by collodion film method. And we tried to analyze the elemental components of the nuclei and pollutants that were incorporated into the developing raindrop. To the analysis of single raindrops, Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) was applied. Several elements including S in single raindrops were detected by PIXE. The concentrations of every element increased with decreasing drop diameter. Furthermore, to acquire more detailed information such as inner-structure and mixing state in single raindrops, micro-PIXE analysis was performed. The nucleation centers of single raindrops were successfully analyzed by micro-PIXE. Ca, S and Fe were apparently detected by scanning beam of 1 ～ 2 µm diameter and about 70 pA beam current.  相似文献   

Discovery of a Jupiter/Saturn analog with gravitational microlensing     

Gaudi BS  Bennett DP  Udalski A  Gould A  Christie GW  Maoz D  Dong S  McCormick J  Szymanski MK  Tristram PJ  Nikolaev S  Paczynski B  Kubiak M  Pietrzynski G  Soszynski I  Szewczyk O  Ulaczyk K  Wyrzykowski L;OGLE Collaboration  Depoy DL  Han C  Kaspi S  Lee CU  Mallia F  Natusch T  Pogge RW  Park BG;MuFUN Collaboration  Abe F  Bond IA  Botzler CS  Fukui A  Hearnshaw JB  Itow Y  Kamiya K  Korpela AV  Kilmartin PM  Lin W  Masuda K  Matsubara Y  Motomura M  Muraki Y  Nakamura S  Okumura T  Ohnishi K  Rattenbury NJ  Sako T  Saito T  Sato S 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,319(5865):927-930

Searches for extrasolar planets have uncovered an astonishing diversity of planetary systems, yet the frequency of solar system analogs remains unknown. The gravitational microlensing planet search method is potentially sensitive to multiple-planet systems containing analogs of all the solar system planets except Mercury. We report the detection of a multiple-planet system with microlensing. We identify two planets with masses of approximately 0.71 and approximately 0.27 times the mass of Jupiter and orbital separations of approximately 2.3 and approximately 4.6 astronomical units orbiting a primary star of mass approximately 0.50 solar mass at a distance of approximately 1.5 kiloparsecs. This system resembles a scaled version of our solar system in that the mass ratio, separation ratio, and equilibrium temperatures of the planets are similar to those of Jupiter and Saturn. These planets could not have been detected with other techniques; their discovery from only six confirmed microlensing planet detections suggests that solar system analogs may be common.  相似文献