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排序方式: 共有311条查询结果,搜索用时 237 毫秒
1.
Kamonpan Awaiwanont Wisnu Gunarso Munefumi Sameshima Seiichi Hayashi Gunzo Kawamura 《Fisheries Science》2001,67(5):804-810
ABSTRACT: Morphology of the photoreceptor cells and tapetum of the Japanese anchovy Engraulis japonicus was studied by histologically and by chemical analysis. The Japanese anchovy has a duplex retina. The cones form parallel rows consisting of alternately placed long cones and bifid cones. Both types of cones are intimately associated and form triple units that are regularly spaced along the row of cones. The rods are grouped and stacked. This fish has a retinal tapetum lucidum composed of guanine and hypoxanthine. Three structures of the tapetum lucidum were recognized: platelet, diamond and rod types. Photomechanical changes include movements of the photoreceptor cells and the retinal tapetum. The retina of the Japanese anchovy is thought to be highly sensitive and well adapted to a dim light environment. 相似文献
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Spake Rebecca Soga Masashi Kawamura Kazuhiro Cooke Robert S. Yamaura Yuichi Eigenbrod Felix 《Landscape Ecology》2020,35(5):1055-1071
Landscape Ecology - Functional responses to landscape heterogeneity are context-dependent, hampering the transferability of landscape-scale conservation initiatives. Japan provides a unique... 相似文献
4.
Yuzo Kurokawa Miki Okita Hirokazu Kubota Yoshimasa Tsumiyama Ichiro Chikamatsu Akiyoshi Tanaka Taketo Obitsu Kensuke Kawamura 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13591
Farm managers' decision to cull dairy cows is based on the cows' milk production, history of disorder(s), and reproductive performance, each of which affects dairy cows' lifetime (herd life and productive lifespan). We investigated the relationships among the incidence of clinical mastitis (CM), the reproductive performance, and the culling rate. We also assessed the effects of these relationships on the lifetimes of dairy cows, using the records made before and after the introduction of an automatic milking system (AMS) at Hiroshima University Farm. Milk yield, CM incidence density, and culling rate of dairy cows increased after the AMS introduction. The CM incidence was associated with an elongation of the calving interval in cows with the same parity. CM in the 1st parity might have caused the reductions of the cows' lifetime and their parity at culling. A higher age at first calving (AFC) was associated with an increase in culling rate but did not lead to a significant decrease in lifetime. Investigations of the factors mediating CM in the 1st parity or AFC with CM incidence or culling rate in the later stages might contribute to the control of lifetime of dairy cows. 相似文献
5.
In extensive cattle production systems, the composition of grazing areas may significantly influence productivity. In dual-purpose cattle production systems in the lowland tropics, pasture lands with trees, so-called silvopastoral areas, are considered as being important, particularly to facilitate the management of crossbred European native cattle. The aim of the study was to quantify the effects of silvopastoral areas on production at dual-purpose cattle farms in the semi-humid lowlands of central Nicaragua. The relationships between seasonal milk production and herd data, and the proportions of land use types were examined for 74 farms by stepwise regression analysis. 相似文献
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Relationship between serum TNF activity and insulin resistance in dairy cows affected with naturally occurring fatty liver 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Ohtsuka H Koiwa M Hatsugaya A Kudo K Hoshi F Itoh N Yokota H Okada H Kawamura S 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2001,63(9):1021-1025
To clarity the relationship between tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and insulin resistance in dairy cows affected with fatty liver, naturally occurring cases were investigated. The affected cows were classified into following three groups according to histopathologic findings of the liver: mild fat droplet deposition (group 1; n=11), severe fat droplet deposition (group 2; n=10), and cloudy swelling (group 3; n=8). Serum TNF activities in Group 2 (8.67 +/- 2.16 U/ml) and Group 3 (11.65 +/- 1.92 U/ml) were significantly higher than that in Group 1 (3.57 +/- 0.81 U/ml) (p<0.05). The insulin-tolerance tests showed that the insulin-stimulated glucose disposal rates (GDR) in Group 2 (27.6 +/- 7.8%) and Group 3 (15.8 +/- 9.1%) were significantly lower than that in Group 1 (41.7 +/- 9.8%). There was a significant negative correlation between serum TNF activity and GDR in affected cows (r=-0.56, p<0.01). These results indicate that serum TNF activity is correlated with insulin resistance in cows with fatty liver. 相似文献
8.
Oguro M Ishikawa H Ohtsuka H Hoshi F Kawamura S 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(7):809-812
Growth hormone secretion was evaluated in cattle. Clinically healthy bovine growth hormone (bGH) concentrations were 10.7 +/- 1.6 ng/ml in Holstein and 7.8 +/- 3.9 ng/ml in Japanese black cattle. The bGH concentration alternated at three-hour intervals, and tended to be higher at midnight and lower in the morning and before feeding. Insulin tolerance test (ITT) at an insulin dosage of 0.25 U/kg showed a significant increase of bGH concentration to 331 +/- 153% at 60 to 90 min after injection. In ITT applied to five under-growth calves of Japanese black cattle, the basal bGH concentrations were lower and peak values after insulin injection were shown to be significantly low. The ITT is useful for the clinical examination of bGH secretion in cattle. 相似文献
9.
Nakagawa K Takemura N Machida N Kawamura M Amasaki H Hirose H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(7):619-621
A spayed female mixed cat (case 1) and its female offspring, the result of a pairing between case 1 and its male sibling, were diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). A pedigree survey revealed that the prevalence of HCM was at least 12.5% in the family, which was considered to be significantly higher than that in a hospital-based population (approximately 1.6%). Thus, this finding seems to support the suspected occurrence of familial HCM in this group of related cats. 相似文献
10.
Tomowa SAKATA Ryuichi TATSUMI Michiko YAMADA Sei-Ichi SHIRATSUCHI Shinpei OKAMOTO Wataru MIZUNOYA Akihito HATTORI Yoshihide IKEUCHI 《Animal Science Journal》2006,77(5):518-525
We have shown in vitro that mechanical stretch triggers activation of quiescent satellite cells of skeletal muscle to enter the cell cycle through an intracellular cascade of events including nitric oxide (NO) synthesis that results in the release of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) from its extracellular association and its subsequent presentation to signaling receptors. In order to explore the activation mechanism in vivo, stretch experiments were conducted in the living animal using our suspension model developed. This system used the weight of the hind portion of rats to stretch the inside muscles of the left hind limb suspended for a period of 0.5–2.0 h. At the end of the stretch period, the rats received an intraperitoneal injection of bromodeoxyuridine followed by immunocytochemistry for its incorporation as an index of satellite cell activation in vivo. Depending on the period of stretch, bromodeoxyuridine labeling was increased significantly over the contralateral unstretched leg or control muscle from untreated rats. A stretched muscle extract prepared from the 2 h stretched tissue by incubating it in PBS, showed the active form of HGF as revealed by immunoblotting and it could stimulate the activation of unstretched satellite cells. Also, administering NO synthase inhibitor L‐NAME prior to muscle stretch abolished the stretch activation of satellite cells. Therefore, the results from these experiments demonstrate that stretching muscle triggers NO synthesis and HGF release, which could activate satellite cells in vivo. 相似文献