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Á. Jerzsele Z. Karancsi E. Pászti‐Gere Á. Sterczer A. Bersényi K. Fodor D. Szabó P. Vajdovich 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2018,41(3):409-414
Xylitol is commonly used as sugar substitute in households. While it has numerous beneficial effects on human health, it is highly toxic to dogs. The goal of this study was to examine whether xylitol has similar deleterious effects, such as hypoglycaemia and acute hepatic failure, on cats. Our research included six healthy middle‐aged cats. Xylitol was dissolved in deionized water and administered p.o. at three doses (100, 500 and 1,000 mg/kg body weight). These dosages have been considered toxic and can cause liver failure or even death in dogs. After every xylitol administration, the basic health status and the blood glucose of cats were observed regularly. Additionally, prior to and 6, 24 and 72 hr after xylitol administration, blood samples were taken to check complete blood count, clinical biochemical parameters and enzymes such as ALT, ALKP, GGT, GLDH, bile acids, BUN, creatinine, phosphate, total protein, albumin, sodium and potassium. There were no significant changes (p > .05) in any of the haematological or biochemical parameters. Blood glucose concentrations did not show any significant alterations, except at 1,000 mg/kg dose, where a mild but significant increase was observed, but it was in physiological range. Based on our results, xylitol did not induce toxic effects on cats. 相似文献
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Effect of the diet on lipid composition and liver histology of short snout seahorse Hippocampus hippocampus 
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下载免费PDF全文 Á. Segade L. Robaina B. Novelli F. Otero‐Ferrer L. Molina Domínguez 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2016,22(6):1312-1319
Little is known about the nutritional requirements of ornamental fish and the effects which they may have on fish histology. Because of this, 45 young, captive‐bred seahorses (1.37 g ± 0.51) were randomly divided and put into fifteen, 35‐L, glass aquariums. Three experimental diets were tested in triplicate: live enriched Artemia (LEA); frozen enriched Artemia (FEA); and commercial Mysis (M). seahorses were fed twice daily, 6 days a week for 102 days throughout the experiment. The body weight and length of the seahorses were measured every 20 days, and at the end of the experiment, fish liver samples were taken for histological studies. Biochemical analyses of the diets and the seahorses fed on the experimental diets were recorded, and the differences in the total lipid content in each of the three diets were also observed, each reflecting their respective liver lipid content. seahorses fed with LEA treatment showed lipid vacuoles in the hepatocytes with nuclei displaced to the periphery. Similar results were also observed in FEA fed seahorses, but to a lesser extent. In contrast, the M fed seahorses were characterized by having livers with lower size hepatocytes and centrally located nuclei. 相似文献
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An ongoing official survey to detect the pine wood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, a quarantine pest, started in 2003 in coniferous forests in Hungary. Based on the results of the study from 2003–11, B. xylophilus has not yet been detected in Hungary. Two other Bursaphelenchus species (B. mucronatus and B. vallesianus) were identified in samples in 2009. Details of the survey and the measurements of B. mucronatus and B. vallesianus are provided. 相似文献
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Miguel Á. Fernández-Barroso Luis Silió Carmen Rodríguez Patricia Palma-Granados Adrián López Carmen Caraballo Fernando Sánchez-Esquiliche Fernando Gómez-Carballar Juan M. García-Casco María Muñoz 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2020,137(6):581-598
Meat quality of Iberian pigs is defined by the combination of their genetic characteristics and the particular production system. To carry out a genetic analysis of the main meat quality traits, we estimated their heritabilities, genetic correlations and the association effects of 32 selected SNPs of 12 candidate genes. A total of ten traits were measured in longissimus dorsi samples from 1,199 Iberian pigs fattened in the traditional free-range system: water holding capacity (thawing, cooking and centrifuge force water losses), instrumental colour (lightness L*, redness a* and yellowness b*), myoglobin content, shear force on cooked meat, and shear force and maximum compression force on dry-cured loin. Estimated heritability values were low to moderate (0.01 to 0.43) being the lowest for L* and the highest for cooking loss. Strong genetic correlations between water holding capacity traits (0.93 to 0.96) and between myoglobin content and a* (0.94) were observed. The association analyses revealed 19 SNPs significantly associated with different traits. Consistent and strong effects were observed between PRKAG3 SNPs (rs319678464G > C and rs330427832C > T), MYH3_rs81437544T > C, CASP3_rs319658214G > T and CTSL_rs332171512A > G and water losses. Also for CAPN1_rs81358667G > A and CASP3_rs319658214G > T and shear force. The SNPs mapping on PRKAG3 showed the highest effects on Minolta colour traits. Genotyping of these SNPs could be useful for the selection of Iberian young boars with similar estimated breeding values for productive traits. 相似文献
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Mário L. Santana Jr Rodrigo J. Pereira Annaiza B. Bignardi Lenira El Faro Maria F. Á. Pires Ricardo G. Andrade Bruno C. Perez Frank A. T. Bruneli Maria G. C. D. Peixoto 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2020,137(5):486-494
The present study evaluated the heat stress response pattern of dual-purpose Guzerá cattle for test-day (TD) milk yield records of first lactation and estimated genetic parameters and trends related to heat stress. A total of 31,435 TD records from 4,486 first lactations of Guzerá cows, collected between 1986 and 2012, were analysed. Two random regression models considered days in milk (DIM) and/or temperature × humidity-dependent (THI) covariate. Impacts of −0.037, −0.019 and −0.006 kg/day/THI for initial and intermediate stages of lactation were observed when considering the mean maximum daily temperature and humidity to calculate THI. Heritability estimates ranged from 0.16 to 0.35 throughout lactation and THI values, suggesting the possibility to expect gains from selection for such trait. The variable trajectory of breeding values for dual-purpose Guzerá sires in response to changes in THI values confirms that the genotype × environment interaction due to heat stress can have some effect on TD milk yield. Despite the high dairy performance of Guzerá cattle under heat stress, estimated genetic trends showed a progressive reduction in heat tolerance. Therefore, new strategies should be adopted to prevent negative impacts of heat stress over milk production in Guzerá animals in future. 相似文献
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Reference gene selection for reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction in chicken hypothalamus under different feeding status 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Á. Simon A. Jávor P. Bai J. Oláh L. Czeglédi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2018,102(1):286-296
This study was designed to investigate the stability of 10 candidate reference genes, namely ACTB, B2M, GAPDH, HMBS, LBR, POLR2B, RN18S, RPS17, TBP, and YWHAZ for the normalization of gene expression data obtained by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in studies related to feed intake of chicken. Samples were isolated from hypothalamus under three different nutritional status (ad libitum, fasted for 24 hr, fasted for 24 hr then refed for 2 hr). Five different algorithms were applied for the analysis of reference gene stability: BestKeeper, geNorm, NormFinder, the comparative ΔCt method, and a novel approach using multivariate linear mixed‐effects modelling for stable reference gene selection. TBP and POLR2B were identified as the two most suitable and B2M and RN18S as the two least stable reference genes for normalization. Despite our review, the current literature showing that RN18S is one of the most commonly used reference gene in chicken gene expression studies, its applicability for normalization should be evaluated before each qPCR experiment. 相似文献
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A. Rivero‐Juarez M. Frias P. Lopez‐Lopez A. Martinez‐Peinado M. Á. Risalde T. Brieva I. Machuca Á. Camacho I. García‐Bocanegra J. C. Gomez‐Villamandos A. Rivero 《Zoonoses and public health》2018,65(5):584-588
Diagnosis of acute hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is established by detection of anti‐HEV IgM antibodies by ELISA or by amplification of serum viral RNA. Here, we evaluate the diagnostic value of testing HEV RNA in saliva to identify patients with acute HEV infection. Prospective proof‐of‐concept study including patients with acute hepatitis. Whole blood and neat saliva samples were obtained from all patients. Saliva samples were processed and analysed for HEV RNA by RT‐PCR within 2 hr after collection. A total of 34 patients with acute hepatitis and 12 healthy donors were included in the study. HEV RNA in serum was confirmed by RT‐PCR in eight of these patients (23.5%; 95% CI: 12.2%–40.2%). HEV was isolated in the saliva of eight of 34 patients (23.5%; 95% CI: 12.2%–40.2%). All patients with HEV RNA amplified in saliva had detectable HEV RNA in serum. HEV was isolated neither in the saliva of any of the 26 patients without detectable HEV RNA in serum nor in healthy donors. Our study suggests that acute HEV infection could be diagnosed by assessing viral load in saliva. 相似文献
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The total N content in the acid forest soils studied ranged between 0.41% and 1.43%, and in more than 98% was composed of
organic N. Total hydrolysable organic N, hydrolysable unknown N (HUN) and α-aminoacidic N represented around 70%, 34% and
20% of the organic N, respectively, and varied in wide ranges. The percentages of amidic N and of the organic N compounds
solubilised to NH4
+ were approximately 6% and 5%, respectively, and ranged in narrow intervals. Aminoglucidic N reached a maximum of 3.8% of
the organic N and was undetectable in some of the samples analysed. Most of the hydrolysable N, HUN and α-aminoacidic N was
solubilised with 1 N and 3 N HCl, while a high amount of the compounds recovered as NH4
+ (60%) was obtained with 6 N HCl. The distribution of aminoglucidic N in the four fractions of increasing hydrolytic intensity
was very irregular. The organic N composition in the 0 to 5-cm and 5 to 10-cm layers was not significantly different. The
variation among samples was determined mainly by the organic N compounds less resistant to acid hydrolysis (hydrolysable N
and HUN less resistant to acid hydrolysis, amidic N and labile ammoniacal N) and by all α-aminoacidic N fractions. Aminoacidic
N was positively correlated with electrical conductivity and negatively correlated with exchangeable Al. The net N mineralisation
over 10 weeks of incubation was positive in all the soil samples analysed. The inorganic N content after the incubation and
the microbial N content were positively correlated with other variables – mainly with amidic N and α-aminoacidic N, as well
as with HUN and the hydrolysable N less resistant to hydrolysis.
Received: 13 July 1999 相似文献